The Polygraph

“Testimonials during court hearings are performed under oath, hence the statements of an individual being examined are assumed to be true and no other statement should be falsified or forged. When the officer does not pronounce the truth in court, he or she is still capable of providing a reason for his deception, based on a substitute arrangement, such as when he or she is operating as a witness to the prosecution and is not considered as the defendant in a court case. However, it is also required that the officer is conscious of the rules of the court system that he or she has sworn to tell the truth during examination” (Chevigny , 1969).

Imagine that you just figured out that you were going to be hung for something that you didn’t do. That is what Mary Surratt experienced on July 7, 1865. Mary Surratt was scared for her life because of helping with the assassination of the president that she was mostly unaware of. Mary Surratt received a far worse punishment than she should have because she did not hurt or kill anyone, she was barely a part of the plot of the assassination, and the only thing she did was bringing supplies to a bar.

PrimePoint Polygraph is a self-owned company that provides adequate polygraph, and investigative services. Tim Ruby is both the owner, and operator of PrimePoint. Ruby is a full time forensic psychophysiologist for the government. He has been a polygrapher for six years. In addition, he conducts testing for post convicted sex offenders, and pre-employment for law enforcement. Ruby got interested in the polygraph field as a former police officer, and criminal investigator. He was given the opportunity to attend the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s polygraph school, which sparked his interest in the field. He then pursued the field by earning an Associate Degree of Criminal Justice Administration, as well as a Bachelors Degree of Science and

of the lie detector in criminal investigation. John Larson, a “college cop”, student of Vollmer, who built the first lie detector in the Berkeley department, later said that he felt the technique had

There are many instances in which the polygraph is proven to be at fault such as with Cleve Backster. He was a polygraph examiner and believed strongly in the polygraph and its results. Backster one day decided to attach a houseplant that was in his office to the machine. He then would light the plants leaf on fire to see if the polygraph would have a spike in action. To his surprise as he struck the match the polygraph jumped signifying a response (Eells). Instead of considering that the polygraph went off randomly Backster instead assumed the plant had feelings and could even read his mind. This discovery lead to many scientific research projects in which scientists were unable to replicate Backster’s results. Rather than dismiss the event and polygraph as unreliable Backster dedicated the rest of his life to proving his discovery. The polygraph has been drilled into the minds of people as credible that taking it out of the justice system

The murder of Dr. R. W. Brown was a case dealt with changing the court's laws forever. The polygraph test was being implemented as evidence in court by the help of two attorneys; settled on the idea that Mr. Frye was not guilty of the crime committed. At this time, “Dr. William Moulton Marston had barely discovered the systolic blood pressure deception test in 1915" (Weiss). The way the test would work is measurements of the blood pressure would describe a certain trait like fear involved with lying versus a composed demeanor associated with truth. The courts automatically dismissed the idea of using the polygraph test as evidence because of the information that it was unknown within society. Thus leading the court into the Frye Decision.

The majority of the population residing in Salem have wholeheartedly been convinced with the insinuation that the existence of witches could have been genuine years ago. The author of the play, Arthur Miller, is unbelievably able to actively keep alive the excitement about a specific trial that occurred multiple years ago. One of the characters, John Proctor, is a captivating man who is a mystery to many of the people around him. It is made obvious that his antipode is Reverend Hale, someone who strongly believes in the witches. Proctor’s individuality is clearly displayed when others living in the same environment are victims of mass hysteria, the main theme in Act I.

The lie detector was fabricated in the 1920s. It was a machine that could detect if someone was lying or not. This device could be resourceful back in the 1920s, because people used to lie and cheat to proves that they were wealthy. For example, F. Scott Fitzgerald uses characters in the novel The Great Gatsby that prove lying and cheating was quite common in the 1920s. Characters like Daisy, Tom, and Gatsby, help elaborate the setting/theme of the novel and therefore help readers to better understand the lifestyle of the 1920s. In the novel The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald he used characters to further analyze the values and goals in the 1920s.

In 1921 the first lie detector was built. It was used for police interrogations and investigations. It shows the amount of stress that a person releases

Polygraph- an electronic instrument Taft records physiological arousal from multiple channels, it is often used as a kid detector the signals are kicked oh by denies attached to different parts of the body. Rubber tubes are strapped around a suspects torso to measure breathing, blood pressure cuffs are wrapped around the upper arm do measure pulse rate abs electrodes ads places on fingertips to record sweat-gland activity or perspiration these signals are send by amplifies and can be seen usually it's to detect deception. But not full-proof sometimes truthful people fail the test and people who understand the test can fake the

Credibility- Now, I would like to consider myself an expert lie detector, but apparently binge-watching 12 seasons of Criminal Minds in 3 months does not give me those qualifications. So to better inform and assist you, my lovely audience, I did some research, mostly utilizing online materials.

William M. Marston invented the first lie detector around 1917. He claimed to be able to detect verbal deception by using a machine to measure an increase in systolic blood

However, although this is useful for social interaction, it is a serious problem in other areas. Deception can be a problem when people actively deceive in job applications, giving evidence and in court. Being able to detect whether a person is lying or

WHO CAN CATCH A LIAR?’ , Ekman and O’Sullivan, 1991. What is the definition of lying or indeed deception? Well deception can be defined in many ways, but it was termed by Vrij (Vrij, 2000, p.6) as a successful or unsuccessful deliberate attempt, without forewarning, to create in another a belief, which the communicator considers to be untrue. Telling lies is a daily life event, which varies in quite complex ways depending on the situation the person is in and the person being lied to.

Polygraph tests are simply not reliable enough to determine a person 's punishment that can be life changing. There are quite a few things that make a polygraph test tick and not all of them are as reliable as they may seem. There are a few different factors that come into play when someone is taking a lie detector test. “William M. Marston invented the first lie detector in 1917,” (Hammiett, 2016 p.1). His attentions were great, and he thought that it would be accurate and efficient with no problems. “However, in 1923, the D.C. Court of Appeals stated that there was not enough scientific evidence to support Matson’s lie detector machine,” (Hammiett, 2016 p.1). If there wasn’t enough evidence, then what makes us think that there is now? It is the same as it has always been and if the D.C. Court of Appeals says that there isn’t enough scientific evidence to support it, then we shouldn 't use something that is