The Italian Campaign For World War II

While Churchill and Roosevelt had been prepping and strengthening the armies to their fullest potential for the invasion beginning in Sicily, in order to advance the allies in the war. The Invasion at Sicily had began on July 10, 1943 with troops that would start to take over parts of the country. The following weather maps were used in order to plan a perfect invasion. When the allies had finally conquered Sicily, they began to make their way into the mainland of Italy. History Army Mil says, “Once established on the Italian mainland, we might hope to secure complete naval and aerial domination of the Mediterranean and to obtain strategic ports and airfields for future operations against continental Europe” (Preparations for Invasion). The army and navy

The purpose of this invasion was to free Europe from the Nazis. It took place in Normandy and they were able to defeat the Nazis in about a week.

The battle of Sicily, also named the Allied Invasion of Sicily, began on July 10th, when Allied seaborne troops arrived on the shore of Sicily. and lasted until August 17, 1943, when the Axis powers officially withdrew from the island. After the British captured Tunisia in the North African campaign, they decided to pursue north in favor of an offensive on southern Italy to ultimately capture the entire island. The U.S. also saw benefit from this invasion, as this would open up the Mediterranean for cheaper shipping between Allied forces by removing Axis naval and air forces from the island. Allied forces had the clear advantage in this invasion.

Bernard law Montgomery was the commander of the British Eighth Army, which was to land around Catania. Patton commanded the I Armored Corps (The Western Task), which was to land near Palermo. The two forces would guard these cities allowing them to build up their troops to attack Messina. The plan appealed to Patton because he liked a plan that is risky, however; Montgomery had doubt about it because their forces would have to divide. Montgomery plan was for British to land troop of either sides of the Messina as Patton’s troops would land after him on the eastern coast to support Montgomery’s attack.

President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill both agreed that helping the Italians in exchange for surrender was the best option. Eisenhower however, did not agree with this. The Germans had an aggressive army outnumbering the Allies Powers 2 to 1. But in the end, the invasion of Italy was successful. In 1943, president Franklin D. Roosevelt decided that Eisenhower would be the Supreme Allied Commander, not Marshall. during this time he was in charge of planning and organizing the attack on the coast of Normandy which was later referred to “Operation Overlord.” Eisenhower had improved on his organizing and planning by previous operations in which he encountered. Now Eisenhower was extra careful on his planning. Although after continuous arguments with president Franklin D. Roosevelt on using the French resistance as a decoy to delay the ongoing Germans, and getting help from the British in the air, Eisenhower plan was now in motion. On June 6, 1944 also known as D-Day, was the commencing of Eisenhower’s Operation Overlord. Though there were mass casualties, they started the invasion of southern France. Everyone- including Eisenhower thought that the war would’ve

During WWII, there were numerous meetings between U.S. and British strategists. Of these meetings, two held significant importance: Quebec Conference and the Tehran Conference. These two meetings contained major military strategic decisions and they made significant impacts on the conduct of the war. It is important to note that throughout all meetings conducted in preparation for and during WWII, military strategy differences existed between the Allied

Landing in French North Africa to squeeze Rommel between these forces and the British in Egypt. Rommel would ultimately them by forcing to surrender, or Axis forces to evacuate North Africa. With that they diverted Germany's strength and obviously made it weaker not just with Africa but also Sicily and Italy. They also improved naval control of the Mediterranean Sea, and prepared for an ivasion of the Southern Europe. The Allies organized three task forces to seize the key ports and airports of Morocco and Algeria. After, they would move on eastwards into Tunisia. About 35,000 troops and over 100 ships attended to end

The Battle of Anzio was a good plan executed poorly, which led to a stalemate resulting in one of the highest concentrations of field artillery in history. The Battle of Anzio or Operation Shingle would turn into a bloody stalemate lasting nearly four months. The Battle of Anzio happened during World War II. World War II was the largest, most destructive war ever fought. Fought all over the world, World War II resulted in an estimated fifty to seventy million deaths. (Gibson) World War II began in Europe when Germany invaded Poland in 1939. Upon the invasion of Poland, Great Britain and France declared war on Germany. Battles would rage for the next two years before America entered the war when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 and immediately following the attack Germany declared war on the United States.

As the operation began, the Americans and British hoped the French would not resist the Allied landings, and further expected French forces in North Africa would rejoin the anti-Axis alliance. In order to facilitate these hopes, the Allies designated General Dwight D. Eisenhower to command the invasion forces. With an American general leading the forces, the Allies sought to restrict any resistance from Anglophobic French officials and officers in the areas around the invasion beaches and ports. Despite such measures, however, the French did put up some level of resistance at nearly every landing point. Nonetheless, dissension among the various French factions in North Africa limited the cohesiveness and effectiveness of the opposition. Ultimately, the magnitude and rapidity of the Allied

Allied victory in the North African campaign is significant for allied victory in the European war. The campaign provided the allies with major strategic and economic advantages, boosted British morale and proved Anglo-American cooperation to be successful. Additionally, conflict in North Africa also diverted substantial German and Italian resources that were needed elsewhere, thus weakening the Axis position. It is also significant that German defeat in the battle of Stalingrad on the eastern front, occurred at the same time as defeat in North Africa, further weakening the Axis powers.

victories.In July 1943 Patton led the invasion of Sicily.His Army along with the British Eighth army captured the island within 39 days.One major event almost destroyed Patton's career.He slapped two soldiers who were suffering from battle fatigue while he was inspecting army hospitals.Patton said that he thought that the soldiers were pretending and General Eisenhower forced him to apologize. The congress held up Patton’s promotion to Major General.

In 1915, Italy proclaims war on Austria-Hungary, entering World War I as a member of the Allies: Britain, France and Russia. At the point when World War I broke out in the mid year of 1914, Italy pronounced itself impartial in the contention, despite its enrollment in the supposed Triple Alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary since 1882. Throughout the span of the months that took after, Italy and its pioneers measured their choices; charmed by both sides, they deliberately considered how to pick up the best profit by cooperation in the war. The choice to join the quarrel as an afterthought of the Allies was constructed to a great extent in light of the certifications Italy got in the Treaty of London, marked in April 1915. By its terms, Italy would get the satisfaction of its national dream: control over domain on its fringe with Austria-Hungary extending from Trentino through the South Tyrol to Trieste. Likewise, the Allies guaranteed the Italians parts of Dalmatia and various islands along Austria-Hungary's Adriatic coast; the Albanian port

On September 18, 1931 Japanese forces invaded Manchuria (Northwest Region from Japan) stating that Chinese Soldiers had sabotaged the railway and therefore attacked the chinese army(who had just executed a Japanese spy), this was the start of a series of battles which would later be known as World War 2. Following Benito Mussolini’s election to the Prime Minister of Italy, Fascist Italy invaded, conquered and annexed Ethiopia. Nazi Germany then noticed that Italy could become a possible allies during this war and signed a treaty of cooperation on October 25; on November 1, the Rome Berlin Axis is announced. November 25, 1936; Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan became mutual allies both wanting the Soviet Union to be defeated. On July 7, 1937 Japan

Alan Clarke said that the Germans felt it was forcing them “to take over Mussolini’s responsibilities in the Balkans in order to secure their southern flank” against the Soviets. Knowing this, it begs to question why Hitler had to secure his flank against a country that he was not at war with. Another historian, Graham Ross, also states that Hitler would have to rescue Mussolini from the results of his military incompetence. Mussolini’s failure to simply secure the Balkans for Axis power caused a setback in Hitler’s plans and therefore caused the Germans to take control. The Italians were much more humane and civilized when it came to fighting compared to that of the Germans, who were cruel and barbaric. This could be the reason why the Italians were unsuccessful in securing the Balkans. The Italians did not have the fighting mentality like the Germans did.

1. How is the harsh reality of war torn Italy presented in the texts? (Film making techniques used to reflect the reality), The harsh reality of war torn Italy is presented in the texts Rome, open city and Bicycle thieves through certain film techniques that the directors of the non-professional films and actors used to reflect this harsh reality of Italy. Setting =