The Evolution Of Lean Manufacturing

Under the lean production approaches, a number of factors are essential to the process for

Lean manufacturing is the production of goods using less of everything than in mass production: less human effort, less manufacturing space, less investment tools and less engineering time to develop a new product. A company becomes lean by continuously increasing its capacity to produce high-quality goods while

Lean is a systematic approach designed to identify and eliminate waste of time, materials and effort through continuous improvement to enhance value to the customer by directing the flow of the product at the customers pull.

Lean is defines the manufacturing philosophy that reduces the time between the shipping and customer demand, which based on the systematic method by eliminating waste, that means giving the customer what they want when they want it, and don 't waste whatever. Rahmana, Sharif and Esa (2013) suggested lean production is mentioned to improve the company 's performance from the philosophy in reducing waste in order. That means, lean system destination is the decrease cost by removing the non-value activities, which they are applying a category of tools and techniques for checking and eliminating defective in the production process. In the Evenort Company should emulate the five overriding principles of lean thinking in terms of implementing lean that there is guarantee the company has been driving correctly in the lean manufacturing (Cardiff 2015) as can show in table 1.

Lean Manufacturing logic, tools and techniques were developed by many industrial innovators in the 19th and 20th centuries but it was mostly popularized by Toyota 's successes with Lean after World War II. Lean is all about economy of motion and the reduction of waste in any business. Most of the Lean concepts are part of Industrial Engineering curriculum offered by many colleges and universities.

Lean must be brought into the discussion as a possible means of supplementing and strengthening lean manufacturing in situations where its principles may fall short. In this Project we want to emphasize on three methods

Lean manufacturing a systematic approach to doing more with less. In other words, Lean, is a method of increasing the amount of a manufacturer’s output, while reducing the amount of resources put in. Lean is of great interest to manufacturers around the world. Companies of all sizes employ lean principles to employ large improvements to quality, marketability and customer service.

Lean is a process where creating more value to customers by minimizing wastage, time with less resources. Lean organization understand the customer value and try to increase proceed which adding more value to the business. In order to accomplish the lean thinking

Lean Manufacturing Systems were first introduced in Japan by the Toyota Motor Corporation. The Lean movement is a type of a system that relies on simple visual cues in order to manage production stages that are based on customer demand. The system is a is also a kind of manufacturing that put great emphasis on the minimization of resources, time included, that is utilized in various activities of manufacturing and provides techniques for uninterrupted quality improvement. Although this system has gained enormous momentum and respect over the last decades, some companies have found it difficult to use Lean Manufacturing Systems, and, as a result, the companies have ended up failing. The concept of Lean Systems is best understood when companies familiarize themselves with certain key insights that are utilized during the course of systems architecting. The article provides a synopsis of the lean and is divided into four parts that will be mainly used for the purpose of this review.

Most people tend to misunderstand lean by identifying the non-value added processes and working on them to eradicate them which in turn increases the amount of non-value added tasks.

The core objection behind lean systems is to maximize customer value while minimizing waste. Basically, lean is defined by using fewer resources in order to make a perfect value for customers. How lean systems work, they use a highly skilled workforce and flexible equipment in order to make some advantages. Such as mass production which is the high volume and low unit cost. And craft production which is the variety and flexibility, this will help eliminate waste for the producer and consumer. Luckily, this approach has drawn attention to other services. For example, lean systems aren’t only suitable for manufactures but also health cares, offices and shipping and delivery. The misconception that lean is a tactic or cost reduction program is not necessarily true, but it is a process of thinking and acting for the entire company. In order to accomplish lean system thinking changes must refrain from management optimize separate technologies, assets and vertical departments.

Figure 1 provides a conceptual framework of lean principles across the supply chain of the enterprise thereby yielding value to the customer. Lean thinking helps in providing flexibility to the needs of the customer. Emphasis is also put on organization of workplace which leads to more simplified work environment. Ease of access in the workplace and good ergonomic designs are some of the by-products of lean thinking methodology. Lean enterprises are more adaptable to changing market trends and also provide prompt delivery to products and services. [3]

The term ‘lean production’ came about to describe the Toyota production system in the late 1980’s. This came to pass through a research group from MIT who over five years analysed the automotive industry in fourteen countries. It was called ‘lean manufacturing’ rather than the Toyota production system to make it easier for competitors and organizations to adopt this type of system.

Lean thinking is essential to improve supply chain management. This is because lean thinking ensures things are done just as they should. As an example, Toyota has demonstrated superior results with regard to quality, cost and lead-time compared to most (if not all) of its competitors. This accomplishment has led to a widespread interest in the Toyota System of Production and its way of doing business. Subsequently, various reviews of "The Toyota Way" have been done. This has led to the characterization of lean production, which can now be seen as a generic description of the Production System at Toyota. Despite there being many, diverse perceptions of what exactly has led to Toyota 's success, Toyota itself proposes that its system is based on considering the time from getting the client 's orders to cash collection and shorten this lead-time by eradicating waste (Chiarini 2011).

Even with the massive amount of research that has taken place into the Toyota Production System, fifty one years after it was born, Slack et al still refer to Lean Manufacturing as a ‘radical departure from traditional operations practice’.