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The Effect Of Ph On The Ph Of A Solution

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pH is a measure of the concentration of the H3O+ ions in a solution, and buffers are solutions that resist changes in the pH when an acid or an alkali is added. The objective of this lab was to determine the ways in which a buffer could effect changes in pH of a solution. This was done through titrations of phosphate solutions, acidic HCl, and basic NaOH, with distilled water. The intent was to note the changes caused by the buffer by observing the buffering range and buffering capacity from the standard curved created from the pH readings. A buffering range is the pH range in which a buffer has effectively neutralized the acids and bases, while maintaining a constant pH. Buffering capacity, on the other hand is the measure of the efficiency of buffer in its resistance to pH change. Therefore, a good buffer with a high buffering capacity should be able to resist the changes in pH well. If the buffer solution is titrated with a strong acid, HCl, then the pH of the solution will decrease slowly, maintaining a constant pH value due to the presence of buffers (instead of the pH dropping in a linear line with huge values.) Likewise, if the mixture containing buffer solution, and water are titrated with a strong base, NaOH, then the pH of the solution will increase at a steady increments instead of the pH values shooting up in big numbers in a linear line.
In order to test this, method of serial dilution was first utilized to find the amount of buffer solution needed for the

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