Outcome measures are used to quantify a patient’s status over an extended period of time. This helps to assess the results of treatment and physiotherapy care as well as the quality there of.
Self-report measures are used clinically to screen for comorbidity or psychosocial behavioural risk factors and so to quantify the patient’s perception of his/her impairment, disability or pain and functional limitations (Beattie & Maher, 1997).
As Beattie & Maher discussed (1997) the scope, the feasibility and measurement properties need to be considered when chosing a self-rating measurement questionnaire.
Synnott et al. (2015) concluded that physiotherapists could not fully comprehend the cognitive, psychological and social factors that influence people with low back pain, thus the stigmatisation of patients with low back pain as demanding, attention-seeking and poorly motivated.
Psychosocial factors that have been described in having a substantial effect on chronicity, and contributing to poorer recovery and prolonged disability in
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Psychological factors are assessed by using various measures but an overlap between measures and lack of clarity about the importance of these psychological factors are leading to unclear predictors of pain and associated outcomes. In a study done by Campbell et al. (2013) significant overlap of psychological measures in low back pain was shown with the largest overarching construct in pain-related emotional distress. Measures was either directly (eg anxiety, depression), indirectly through the persons’ current experience of pain (eg. kinesiophobia, catastrophizing, emotional reaction). person’s self-view in relation to their pain (eg. pain self-efficacy) and the number of other symptoms (Cambell et al, 2013). The predominant factor common to these psychological measures is the patient’s overall level of pain-related emotional distress that is
The need for assessing this measure can arise through many avenues. Most frequently the need is identified when a new provider is hired, a providers clinical deployment changes, the incorrect clinical deployment was initially reported or a provider terminates employment
Patients are asked to rate their symptom for each question for a period of two weeks. The patient is the one who rates himself, therefore, this instrument’s results are subjective. The sum total is the calculated, and interpreted to
The Biopsychosocial model (BPS) was established in the early 1970s as a replacement for the biomedical approach created by George Engel (1977). He had argued against the reductionist biomedical model of disease for not considering the behavioural, psychological and social dimensions in the model (Jull, 2017). Wade and Halligan, (2016) had established that biomedical remains as the dominant healthcare approach. The aim of BPS is to integrate the biological factors with psychological and environmental factors, Engel (1977) suggested that the biopsychosocial model of illness has a significant role in the functioning of humans in terms of disease or illness and can make medicine more scientific and should be adopted into psychiatry research (Adler, 2009). Davies and Roache, (2017) established that the model was exceedingly determined, recommending new details for practices as well as a non-reductive advocate for mental illness.
Case studies are an important part of clinical psychology. One can learn about the biological, psychological, and social factors involved by studying patients with certain disorders or illnesses. The case study of Christina Ricci and Karen Carpenter are extraordinary and this analysis will give a brief overview of their case as well as discuss the biological, psychological, and social factors involved. This analysis will also explain the need for adaptation in the field of clinical psychology.
Assessment tools are a necessary part of everyday nursing care. They provide the nurse with measurable means of keeping inventory of a patient’s physical progression from shift to shift. Assessment tools like the Braden scale which assess the patient’s skin quality; along with the falls risk scale that assess how high the patient’s chances are for falling; are two common assessment tools used worldwide. Along with these physical assessment tools are an array of non-physical assessment tools used to evaluate anything from the patient’s coping skills to evaluating their stress level. Three popular ones are the
The most important measure to consumers is the process of care measures. Process measures are the evidence-based best practices that represent a health system’s efforts to systematize its improvement efforts. Basically, by implementing and tracking the right process metrics we can determine what treatments work and what needs to be improved. It is true that all patients expect to walk out of a hospital with good health outcomes and experiences. However, it is the process that leads up to the proof that the treatments being delivered work, which in turn gives those patients satisfaction in their healthcare. I would not say that one of the measures is necessarily least important than the others because they all hold value in the delivery of
The instrument measured physical and mental health dimensions through eleven questions and thirty-six items covering eight components that were represented by functional capacity, physical pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, emotional aspects, mental health, and a related question about the current general health a year before the interview (Girardi et al., 2015).
Low back pain (LBP) is a common condition worldwide; approximately 50-80% of adults suffer from LBP at least once during their lives [1, 2]. LBP represents a major health problem because of its prevalence, high probability of recurrence, consequences, and healthcare cost [3-6]. LBP has physical, psychological, and economic impacts on individuals. Furthermore, LBP is still the primary cause of absenteeism and disability in every industrialized society [226].
Outcome measurements are used to evaluate the health status of patients following the care he/she has received in a given hospital. The measurements look at both the intended and unintended effects such care might have had on the health status of patients and general function. They also help evaluate the level to which a hospital is achieving its goals as they relate to the care being provided to a patients. Outcome measurements usually include traditional measures such as mortality, morbidity, and issues that are related to quality of life. They incorporate patient satisfaction reports related to the healthcare services they have received. These measures are important to patients looking for a hospital as he/she may seek the opinion of persons who have previously received medical care in a given hospital (Jha &Epstein, 2010).
Predictors of fear-avoidance beliefs in patients with acute low back pain: Investigting the effects of pain characteristics and functional disability
When someone is suffering or living with a chronic illness it can have a huge impact on them psychologically and socially. Chronic Illness is a condition that is prolonged in duration, usually more than 3 months and is rarely cured (DoH, 2012). Having to cope with a chronic condition might lead to life changes, such as dependency on others, loss of income, which can cause feelings of loss and reduced self-esteem. They can also report feelings of social rejection, poor healthcare and workplace termination due to their presenting condition (Earnshaw, Quinn, & Park, 2011).
The death penalty is the only suitable punishment for murderers. The death penalty insures that criminals know that if they kill they will be killed, and they are going to receive a harsh punishment. Also it could be cheaper than sentencing a prisoner to life in prison. People feel that the death penalty is too harsh of a punishment. Which that would be a harsh punishment but they took another human's life. So they need to have a harsh punishment so people know they can not get away with murder. The death penalty insures that a murderer won’t kill again.
“Don’t treat the disease, treat the patient” [9]. The concept of health has seemed to become complex in definition over the centuries as science improves. “Health is a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.”-World Health Definition of Health (1948) [9]
Pain is a basic mechanism in life that helps the body identify that something is wrong or dangerous. Without pain, the body would be severely damaged without realizing it. Pain can become an inconvenience when it spirals out of control; chronic pain, for example, leaves many miserable and unable to enjoy life to its fullest extent even with traditional medical intervention. Around 80% of people report chronic pain in their lifetime (Holtzman & Beggs, 2013). People afflicted by chronic back pain turn to modern medicine for relief, but even these alternatives are not always 100% effective.
What is Self Confidence? By Cassie Parks Dec 23, 2011 The nature of life is that it sometimes throws us a curve ball. Not everything always goes according to plan, and we can start to doubt many aspects of our own personal psyche.