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The African World-view in Soyinka's Death and the King's Horseman

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The African world-view in Soyinka's Death and the King's Horseman

In his play, Death and the King's Horseman, Wole Soyinka uses certain literary forms and devices to intermix Yoruba culture and a predominantly European dramatic form to create a play easily understood by the audience, but that allows the introduction of a foreign influence. These devices include the use of a songlike quality in dialogue and the telling of stories, the use of personification and metaphor to give an exotic quality to the play, and the use of certain elements to provide the reader with a sense of the mystic traditions that are Africa. These Yoruban elements are best explained by the character Jane with "You talk! Your people with your …show more content…

Elesin: (Executes a brief, half-taunting dance . . . as he chants the story of the Not-I bird, his voice changing dexterously to mimic his characters . . . )

Death came calling.

Who does not know his rasp of reeds?



A twilight whisper in the leaves before

The great araba falls? Did you hear it?

Not I! Swears the farmer. He snaps

His fingers round his head, abandons

A hard-worn harvest and begins

A rapid dialogue with his legs. (1158)

Soyinka uses personification and metaphor to lend an exotic, poetic quality to the play. In this excerpt from page 1159, Elesin personifies envy, symbolizing its attacking quality, uses houseposts as a metaphor to symbolize the building of trust, and termites as a metaphor to symbolize the way in which time eats at all things. Elesin also uses "the twilight hour," or the coming of the end of the day, to symbolize the approaching of the end of his life, and bats and rodents as symbols of things that might tarnish the honor given him because of his duty to his king and the trust built with his king. Line 213 begins:

Elesin: The world was mine. Our joint hands

Raised houseposts of trust that withstood

The siege of envy and the termites of time.

But the twilight hour brings bats and rodents--

Should I yield them cause to foul the rafters? (1159)

Soyinka uses mystic elements to provide the reader with a sense of the Africa of tradition. The religious traditions of Africa are rife

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