Okri’s story ‘The Famished Road’ includes several features of magical realism. Precisely, instances of hybridity happen often. The character Azaro wrongly believes a character by the river to be the ferry man of the dead, he acquires that she is in fact a hybrid woman, young in body but ‘with an old woman’s face’. The illustration is also a hybrid of ancient custom and ritual. Also, The Famished Road portrays the theme of political corruption and political struggle. The character Madame Koto is implied in the corruption of modern Nigerian politics. She summarizes the new power herself, rather than its transgression, foreshadowing the country’s Civil War to come. Okri has also used ironic distance in this novel..
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His most notable work, “The Beautiful Ones Are Not Yet Born (1968) tells the story of an unnamed protagonist, who does not understand his self and his country in the wake of post-independence which is an open example of identity mismanagement.
A Nobel Prize winning writer, Nadine Gordimer discovers moral, racial and social issues in Africa under apartheid rule. Her novel “Burger’s Daughter” shows the struggles of a group of antiapartheid activities which depict the journey of soul searching.
Nuruddin Farah (1945), a native of Africa, in his novel “From a Crooked Rib” (1970) deals with themes of post-colonial identity and war.
Wole Soyinka (1934), Nobel Prize winner in literature, in his novels such as ‘King’s Horseman’ and ‘The Years of Childhood and Death’ portrays his life experiences and thoughts about Africa as well as Nigeria.
Femi Osofisan’s (1945) including poems, plays and novels are informed by colonialism and its legacy, and is a rich protest against injustice and corruption. His first novel, “Kolera Kolej” (1975) tells the story of a Nigerian University campus that is granted independence from the rest of the country in order to halt the spread of a Cholera
Magical Realism is a genre of narrative fiction including magical elements that characters treat as normal. Although there is magic in the movie, Pan’s Labyrinth is not an example of magical realism in film because anything that happens does not affect the real world, no one except Ofelia can see the magic, and most of the “magic” can be explained.
David Sedaris’s narrative, “Remembering my Childhood on the Continent of Africa,” contrasts the author’s formative years with those of his partner, Hugh Hamrick. Sedaris describes his childhood in North Carolina as “unspeakably dull” (297). Conversely, Sedaris seems to regard Hamrick’s childhood, which included “a field trip to an Ethiopian slaughterhouse” (296) and “a military coup in which forces sympathetic to the colonel arrived late at night to assassinate [his] next door neighbor” (298-299) as foreign and exciting, if in an occasionally traumatizing sort of way.
“Ghana’s history is a metaphor for what occurred in the immediate aftermath of independence in Africa,” is a quote by Kofi Awoonor, Ghana’s leading literary figure and one of Africa’s most acclaimed authors. Three of his poems illustrate the hardships and trials that the Africans faced after their claim of independence from Britain. As said by Awoonor himself, “...high hopes were crushed by the greed, corruption, and lust for power…”. The author uses multiple literary devices as a way to emphasize the adversities they faced. Kofi Awoonor symbolizes the downfall of Ghana after independence through the use of theme, mood, and symbolism in his Three Poems.
Magical realism is a type of writing where two views of reality come together. There are numerous of ways magical realism is expressed in Latin American writing. A very common one amongst stories is open-ended conclusion in which we the readers just have to accept it. Usually magical realism is used as a metaphor for something more meaningful. One story that conveys a lot of magical realism is The Third Bank of The River by João Guimarães Rosa. The story is about the narrator's dad who was quite the quiet man, who one day bought a boat fit for one. He entered the river and never spoke a word to another soul again. The son is the only one who stays at the house in case of the father's return. He leaves food out for him so that he will survive, until one day he makes an offer to his father, and ends up fleeing in terror.
This novel is the definitive tragic model about the dissolution of the African Ibo culture by Nigerian author, Chinua Achebe. Okonkwo, a great and heroic leader, is doomed by his inflexibility and hubris. He is driven by fear of failure.
Thus we see how J.M. Coetzee successfully shows the future of the novel in Africa and its problems with the two conflicting characters of Elizabeth Costello and Emmanuel Egudu and as according to a critic “typically produces irritation or discomfort” in a
Tita was trying to figure out why her beans hadn’t cooked. She remembered Nacha saying that tamales won’t cook if they are prepared with anger because the tamales get angry. This is an example of Magical Realism because the food is reflecting what the person making them is feeling. In this case Tita is angry because of the discussion she had with her sister Rosaura. This connects to the theme of expressing one's feelings through cooking. The food Tita cooked, provoked different feelings and taste, on others, based on the relationship that the individual had with Tita. However, this time the food instead experienced Tita’s feelings. Tita had put the beans in a bad mood and therefore they weren’t cooked.
According to Chimamanda Adichie, a Nigerian writer who believes in the power of story, if one traps oneself into the narrow world of “single story” about another person or country, that person would risk a crucial misconception. Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe is considered as the most authentic response to contemporary Western’s literature depiction of Africa, which usually obligates the readers to only look at the “single story” that is written with personal stereotypes under an ethnocentric point of view. As a result, in his famous Things Fall Apart, Achebe contrasts the perspective of the colonized on imperialism with that of the colonizing in order to provide an alternative to the Western literature’s “single story” of Africa.
In 19th century, british men had begun to adventure into Africa and imperialize. In Chinua Achebe’s novel, Things Fall Apart, it follows the story of Okonkwo; a clan leader in Umuofia, Nigeria. His world begins to collapse as the british start to change the clan's traditions and religion. The invasion of the missionaries struck terror into the clans. With the building of hospitals and trading centers, the people of Umuofia struggle to understand the forced entrance of the white men. The effects the white men leave change the clans way of life.
There are themes of Africa’s past versus its present, economic problems in the new countries, corruption, and women's rights and roles in African society. African literature has many characteristics, such as appropriating colonial languages, colonial discourse, the history of Africa, decolonization struggles, and nationalism. Some major authors are Buchi Emecheta, who wrote Second-Class Citizen, Bessie Head, who wrote A Question of Power, Ousmane Sembène, who wrote Xala, Ngugi wa Thiong’o, who wrote A Grain of Wheat, Nuruddin Farah, who wrote Maps, and Wole Soyinka, who wrote A Play of
Nadine Gordimer’s “What were you dreaming?” is known to be a very sensitive, open account of her private and social relationship in South Africa. Gordimer witnessed the difference between the white minority, and their continuous efforts to weaken the rights of the black population. Gordimer made it her duty to promote the consequences of the apartheid, the problems that oppression inflicts on both the colonized (settled) and the colonizers (immigrants), its effect on daily life, and the division it caused between the black and white races. As a result, she wrote the short story, “What were you dreaming?” to show the readers her view, not explain it.
The desire to conquer land that was previously unexplored has existed throughout history. This desire forced many indigenous societies, who were usually dominated technologically, to adapt to the teachings and overall system of the ‘superior’ conqueror nation with destruction as the only alternative. This causes a major impact on how a certain society functions, even after seeking independence from the foreigners. The rise and fall of indigenous societies can be analyzed through various media. Chinua Achebe is a novelist specializing in African literature, and this essay deals with the themes regarding colonialism in one of his many novels. In
The book takes place in the Umuofia and Mbanta villages around the 1900s. During the 1900s the rise of European Imperialism in Africa becomes very much prevalent between 1881 and 1914.
This paper reflects the novel “Things Fall Apart” written by Chinua Achebe in 1958. Achebe gives an overview of pre-colonialism and post-colonialism on Igbo, detailing how local traditions and cultural practices can “fall apart” in some scenarios through some introduced, externally created hassles elevated because of colonization. The protagonist named Okonkwo mentioned in the story is a proof showing the lifestyle of the tribe. My main objective and focus is to lay emphasis on Africa specifically the Igbo society, before and after the arrival of the Europeans in Umuofia community; the results of their arrival concerning Igbo culture, thus leading to the clash of cultures between the two categories. I will also draw on post-colonialism with respect to globalization.
Chinua Achebe was a Nigerian novelist, poet, professor and critic. He is mainly known for his trilogy that investigates, using fiction, the history of Nigeria. The trilogy begins with Things Fall Apart, followed by No Longer at Ease and ended with Arrow of God. Furthermore, in this critically analytical essay, through a feminist perspective, a chapter of his second novel, No Longer at Ease, published in 1960, will be discussed. The setting of the novel is Lagos, Nigeria and Umuofia, Nigeria during the 1950s, before Nigeria attained independence from Great Britain. The novel, No Longer at Ease begins with Obi Okonkwo on trial, charged for accepting a bribe. However, using flashback, the author takes us back to the point before Obi’s departure