Team Enzyme Experiment

After added, pick up the beaker and swirl it around lightly for a short period of time.

We first started this experiment by obtaining twelve 15ml test tubes, in which we placed in a rack and labeled each with what

Fill a test tube about 1/3 full with cold tap water for use in step 34.

Background and Introduction: Enzymes are proteins that process substrates, which is the chemical molecule that enzymes work on to make products. Enzyme purpose is to increase the rate of activity and speed up chemical reaction in a form of biological catalysts. The enzymes specialize in lowering the activation energy to start the process. Enzymes are very specific in their process, each substrate is designed to fit with a specific substrate and the enzyme and substrate link at the active site. The binding of a substrate to the active site of an enzyme is a very specific interaction. Active sites are clefts or grooves on the surface of an enzyme, usually composed of amino acids from different parts of the polypeptide chain that are brought together in the tertiary structure of the folded protein. Substrates initially bind to the active site by noncovalent interactions, including hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions. Once a substrate is bound to the active site of an enzyme, multiple mechanisms can accelerate its conversion to the product of the reaction. But sometimes, these enzymes fail or succeed to increase the rate of action because of various factors that limit the action. These factors can be known as temperature, acidity levels (pH), enzyme and/or substrate concentration, etc. In this experiment, it will be tested how much of an effect

These results shown from this experiment led us to conclude that enzymes work best at certain pH rates. For this particular enzyme, pH 7 worked best. When compared to high levels of pH, the lower levels worked better. The wrong level of pH can denature enzymes; therefore finding the right level is essential. The independent variable was the amount of pH, and the dependent being the rate of oxygen. The results are reliable as they are reinforced by the fact that enzymes typically work best at neutral pH

To begin(control data and experiment data), fill the solution container with designated amount of live yeast and 10 mL of hydrogen peroxide. Quickly after mixing solutions together, cap the container with the cork and straw and cover the open end of the straw. Have one member of the lab begin the timer. Keep the open end of the straw covered to submerge the solution container under water in the tub and let the open end of the straw be placed inside the open end of the graduated

27. Heat the water to 40°C with an alcohol lamp by setting up the apparatus as shown in figure 3 below:

I will use a thermometer to measure the temperature of the water in the water baths. This will ensure the reliability of my results, as it will allow me to make sure the water

This experiment looked at how the presence of enzymes can change the rate of reaction. An enzyme is a specialized protein that catalyzes chemical reactions (Freeman, et al, 2014,p.46). If a reaction occurs the reactants must interact with a specific orientation and there must be enough kinetic energy to reach the activation energy required for the reaction (Freeman, et al, 2014, p.55). Enzymes are an important part in chemical reactions because they move the reactants together in the orientation needed for the electrons to interact, and they lower the activation energy needed, which allows the reaction to occur faster (Freeman, et al, 2014, p.55).

7. Check the temperature of the water in the water bath. Use the Bunsen burner to gently warm its towards 25 °C. Stop heating just below that temperature at about 23 °C since more heat will be conducted from the hot glass of the beaker. Measure the temperature in the water in the test tube labelled E25. When it is the same as that of the water bath, record it in the table.

Use ice if you need to. Then, fill one beaker with 175 mL of water and the other with 350 mL. Warm the water in the 350mL beaker up to 55 degrees celsius and cool the water in the 175mL beaker to 15 degrees celsius, the same temperature as the pitcher because it will be your control group. Once the beaker that should be heated is at 55 degrees celsius, pour 175 mL of the water into a glove and pour the other 175 mL into a ziplock baggie. Pour the 15 degrees celsius, 175 mL of water into another ziplock baggie. Before you set these in water, have a stopwatch ready and make sure that the water in the baggies and glove is at the right temperature.

room temperature. Vials 4, 5, and 6 should be in the bath containing water that is 10oC. After the

Once 5 trials have been completed, continue and repeat steps 1-6 for the other temperatures (15oC, 25oC, 35oC & 45oC).

The temperature of the cooling bath must be adjust so that it is always about 3oC below the temperature of the contents.

Temperature – This is the only variable I will purposely change. I will do this by using a water bath at several different temperatures. These temperatures are 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C and 100°C. Temperature must be controlled because to find the optimum temperature I need to try the above exact temperatures and if it wasn’t controlled to the exact temperature I couldn’t specify the exact optimum temperature.