Tax Dpa Chapter 6

Sale of rental property does not qualify for exclusion 121 because the two year resident occupation limit cannot be satisfied in income producing business property. The sale will fall under section 1231 which encompasses transactions of sales or exchanges of business property held for longer than one year. In order to determine treatment of section 1231 you must combine all section 1231 gains and losses for the year. A net loss is an ordinary loss. A net gain is ordinary income up to the amount of your non-recaptured section 1231 losses from previous years. Any remaining balance becomes a long-term capital gain. The formula for calculating gain or loss involves subtracting the cost basis from the selling price. If you have taken depreciation on the property in the past and are

In 2013 Marianne sold land, building and equipment with a combined basis of $150,000 to an unrelated third party and in return received an installment note of $80,000 per year for five years. Of the $250,000 gain on sale, $150,000 was classified as Section 1245 gain and the remaining $100,000 was Section 1231 gain. In 2013, Marianne had a capital loss carryover of $60,000, $50,000 of which she used to offset her Section 1231 gain; she recognized no Section 1245 gain. The following year she recognized $40,000 of 1245 gain and $10,000 of Section 1231 gain which she promptly offset with the last $10,000 of the capital loss carryover. In 2015, she recognized $50,000 Section 1245 gain and no Section 1231 gain.

* However, if these payments are unreasonable, then distribution is considered a ‘constructive dividend’ and is no longer deductible

A corporation that distributes property that has appreciated in value must recognize a gain at the time of distribution. The corporation is treated as if it had sold the property. The gain equals the property 's fair market value less its adjusted basis. Code Sec. (b). However, the corporation does not recognize a loss if the property had declined in value. Also, the corporation recognizes no gain or loss if t distributes its own stock rights to its shareholders. Code Sec. (a). The character of the recognized gain depends on the property distributed; thus it may be ordinary income, capital gain, or Section 1231 gain.

b. 26 USC § 1031 provides for like-kind exchange treatment on property that must qualify by being held either for productive use in a trade or business or for investment.

2. The written agreement between a corporation and its bondholders might contain a prohibition against paying dividends in excess of current earnings. This prohibition is an example of a(n):

I.R.C. § 2056(d)(1). Congress has provided an exception to this general rule in the form of a qualified domestic trust (QDOT), which allows the property to qualify for the marital deduction if the trust meets certain requirements. I.R.C. § 2056(d)(2)(A). For a trust to qualify for QDOT status and the marital deduction, it must meet the seven requirements contained in the tax code and accompanying treasury regulations. I will separately discuss each requirement below and whether the currently language of Form M effectively fulfills that requirement.

According to AASB 112, main principal of tax effect is to recognize deferred tax asset or deferred tax liability if it is probable that future recovery or settlement of asset or liability makes future tax payments larger or smaller. Requirements are to separately disclose main parts of tax expense, aggregate current and deferred tax relating to items recognized directly in equity, information demonstrating a relationship between tax expense & company’s accounting profit, and certain information relevant to temporary differences and deferred tax assets.

1. Noncash items received as income must be included in income at their fair market value.

But: -- just because regularity is a common feature of income, do not conclude that an isolated or one-off receipt cannot be income: see Cooling’s case. [Principle upheld by a majority of HCA in Montgomery (1999).] Isolated transactions may generate income when they are entered into with the intention of making a profit - Myer Emporium (1987); California Copper (1904). 9. Amount derived from carrying on a business The old view was that this provision captured only what was already income by ordinary concepts other than its non-convertibility to money [hence ‘value to the taxpayer’ - Scott’s case] but in Smith’s case (1987) Brennan J considered the provision captured capital amounts too. The application of s26(e)/15-2 has been largely overtaken by Fringe Benefits Tax (for employees) and s21A (for business benefits) 10. Amount derived from employment or the provision of service. • Isolated transactions See Myer Emporium [California Copper].~ Isolated or unusual transactions involving the sale of capital assets [structure] may yet produce revenue amounts when entered into with the intention of making profit. ordinary business transactions generate income by ordinary concepts because the nature of business is profit making; 11. Amount derived from property. Property yields rent, interest, dividends and royalties. Interest is not defined in the Act. Its ordinary meaning is the amount

Dividends are subjected to higher tax rate compare to capital gain increased due to share buy-back. This discourages shareholders from desire to receive high dividends in place of higher capital gain as share values increase. A comparison is made below between the proposed capital structure and dividend policy.

What is the reasoning for excluding inter-corporate dividends (drd's)? Inter-corporate dividends are seen differently from other types of dividends, capital gains, and income. These kinds of dividends have been subject to double taxation

In practice, dividend policy will be affected by taxes as tax rates for different categories of investors will differ. Also, a firm’s dividend policy is perceived by the financial markets to be a signaling mechanism. A cut back in dividends may signify that the firm perceives tough

Though it may not be open to a State legislature to make provision for the recovery of an amount which is not a tax under Entry 54 of List II in a law made for that purpose, it would still be open to the legislature to provide for paying over all the amounts collected by way of tax by persons, even though they really are not exigible as tax, as part of the incidental and

Another interesting point is that source system countries have extended their taxation scope by considering certain types of income that do not have a true "source" as sourced within their jurisdictions, such as dividends. These are then also deemed taxable by the countries involved.