Definition of statistics:
Statistics is the science of learning from data, and of measuring, controlling, and communicating uncertainty; and it thereby provides the navigation essential for controlling the course of scientific and societal advances (Davidian, M. and Louis, T. A., 10.1126/science.1218685).
Statisticians apply statistical thinking and methods to a wide variety of scientific, social, and business endeavors in such areas as astronomy, biology, education, economics, engineering, genetics, marketing, medicine, psychology, public health, sports, among many. Many economic, social, political, and military decisions cannot be made without statistical techniques, such as the design of experiments to gain federal approval of a newly
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Statisticians recommend that experiments compare (at least) one new treatment with a standard treatment or control, to allow an unbiased estimate of the difference in treatment effects. 2. Design of experiments, using blocking to reduce the influence of confounding variables, and randomized assignment of treatments to subjects to allow unbiased estimates of treatment effects and experimental error. At this stage, the experimenters and statisticians write the experimental protocol that shall guide the performance of the experiment and that specifies the primary analysis of the experimental data. 3. Performing the experiment following the experimental protocol and analyzing the data following the experimental protocol. 4. Further examining the data set in secondary analyses, to suggest new hypotheses for future study. 5. Documenting and presenting the results of the study. In contrast, an observational study does not involve experimental manipulation. This type of study typically uses a survey to collect observations about the area of interest and then performs statistical analysis.
Statistics is applied in the following ways in research: 1. In science
A very important component of the Scientific Method is the statistical analysis of your collected data or observations. How you analyze the data, whether done correctly or incorrectly, will ultimately determine the conclusions from your research.
The Haymarket Square Riot was on May 4, 1886. It was organized by labor radicals to protest the killings by the Chicago police during a strike the day before at the McCormick Reaper Works. The workers on strike that day demanded 8- hour work day when 60 hour weeks were very common at the time. The company locked out the workers and hired people to break the strike, which was common at the time. Two days later on May 3, a protest was held outside the McCormick Plant resulted in one death and more wounded.
• Provide at least two examples or problem situations in which statistics was used or could be used.
3- How would you make it an experimental (rather than correlational) study (it might help to be specific here as well and define the two types of studies in your
Statistics uses math to determine whether or not an experiment happened by chance. In other words, it determines the probability of your results being by chance or if it is factual data. The mathematical ways of determining probably include looking at mean, standard deviation, mode, and median. This experiment will use statistics to test the probability.
Instructions: This is a group activity that you will start in class and complete at home. For each of the following, note, whether the research design used is an experiment, a quasi-experiment, or a correlational approach and why. If a study is an experiment, identify the independent variable and the dependent variable. Please type your answers in complete sentences.
( A short summary of the experimental investigation and its conclusions. It includes a statement of the aim, short description of the method, main results and a conclusion and implications or recommendations.)
1“The Cult of Statistical Significance” was presented at the Joint Statistical Meetings, Washington, DC, August 3rd, 2009, in a contributed session of the Section on Statistical Education. For comments Ziliak thanks many individuals, but especially Sharon Begley, Ronald Gauch, Rebecca Goldin, Danny Kaplan, Jacques Kibambe Ngoie, Sid Schwartz, Tom Siegfried, Arnold Zellner and above all Milo Schield for organizing an eyebrow-raising and standing-room only session.
This is an observational study because it does involve the study of the variables as they are without any sort of manipulation.
In laboratory experiments all variables are under the control of the researcher, the researcher will obtain their results from taking two groups which are identical. One group will be the control group and the other will be the experimental group. The researcher will then alter the independent variable in the experimental group to see if the variable that the researcher is investigating changes in any way when compared to the control group. If there is
The acquisitiveness of one results in the torture of many. In the story of Macbeth, Shakespeare unveiled the tragic sequence of events that happened all because of greed that is found on the dark side of the human nature. In the eleventh century in Scotland, Macbeth is a well-known nobleman for his great bravery in defending the country. Macbeth is first introduced to the limits of his power and his ambitions by the witches, who greet him with three titles: Thane of Glamis, which Macbeth is aware of, Thane of Cawdor, which is actually is true at this point, but one that Macbeth has not been told of, and King, which has not yet become true. The witches are the ones who plant the actual idea of killing Duncan into Macbeth's mind; however, Macbeth was the one to perform and went further than that. In other words, avarice is proven in the play to be the root of all evil.
Statistics is a mathematical science pertaining to the collection, analysis, interpretation or explanation, and presentation of data. It is applicable to a wide variety of academic disciplines, from the physical and social sciences to the humanities. Statistics are also used for making informed decisions and misused for other reasons in all areas of business and government. Statistical methods can be used to summarize or describe a collection of data; this is called descriptive statistics. In addition, patterns in the data may be modeled in a way that accounts for randomness and uncertainty in the observations, and then used to draw inferences about the process or population being studied; this is called inferential statistics. Both
Unfortunately, I am drawn to the subject for the same reason that it adds to my predicament: its influence exists in almost any of today’s professions. After self-studying AP Statistics my sophomore year, I found that, more than an academic subject, statistics became a tool. I used it in day-to-day discussions about the chances of winning the lottery, or deduced what election results could look like based on detailed polling. Not only did I use statistical tests for schoolwork, but I also used them recreationally: as an avid speech competitor, I found myself scribbling out probability formulas during prep (?) periods to predict my chances of advancing to outrounds or competing in the same room as [being matched against] the national champion. I find it utterly fascinating that statistical inspection can assuage [demystify, explain, elucidate] so much of the world’s uncertainty, whether in professional tasks or everyday discourse.
To design and carry out a certain experiment, one should follow some crucial steps. These steps holistically make up a systematic process called the scientific method (Penn State Science, 2008). The scientific method involves the recognition of a problem, compilation of background research, formulation of a hypothesis, design and conduction of an experiment, interpretation of a conclusion, and discussion of future implications of the investigation (Hess, 2011). Overall, this is a fundamental outline of how the experiment ought to be executed.
There are ten things stats is very important for such as: weather forecasts, emergency preparedness, predicting diseases, medical studies, genetics, political campaigns, insurance, consumer goods, quality testing, and the stock market. Weather forecasts use stats to predict the weather using prior conditions, the weather forecasts tells us how to prepare for the day and what to expect throughout the day. Emergency teams use the weather forecasts to tell them to be ready or not to help people they use statistics to tell them when danger may occur. When predicting disease the lady or man telling you about the deaths or the disease is spreading it may not
When I have problem with customer’s issues, the only people willing to help me are mainly