Some environmental problems in Viet Nam today
Thai Cong Tung
Abstracts Demographic growth, urbanization, industrialization, infrastructure development...are contributing to increase stress on the natural resource base in Viet Nam today. The paper highlighted those stresses : the rural exodus to the cities due to scarce land resources in the countryside, the pollution problems in the urban environment, the migration of people to forested areas with direct impacts including the deforestation, the watershed degradation and the loss of biodiversity. Striking a balance between population growth and conserving the natural resources are necessary for a sustainable development which is to move away from resource exploitation and more toward
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The recent development of water supply projects in the cities and townships has not met the increasing demands of urban population and huge investment is necessary to improve water supply facilities in the cities. 212.Water drainage Most urban centers are served by various forms of open drainage such as ditches and street gutters. Only a small percentage has access to sewerage systems. The lack of wastewater treatment in the cities constitutes a major health hazard during periods of storm and flooding, when coliform and fecal pollutants from human wastes are easily spread through contaminated floodwaters.Water logging problems in the main cities are due to the dilapidated drainage systems and an aging culvert system, parts of which dated since the French administration. The inadequacy of drainage systems causes flood in many areas in the cities and all the wastes flow together with the rainy waters into canals and lakes. Maintenance of existing systems has not kept pace with the increasing influx of population. 213 Water pollution. Water pollution is the most serious environmental problem and with a growing urbanization, many cities are ill equipped to provide their growing populations the safe water and sanitation they need. a / Sources of water pollution. It may come from: . wastewater from industries and minor handicrafts which have
Cambodian environment is threatened by deforestation, effects of tourism and water issues. Deforestation is a major issue in Cambodia with one of the highest deforestation rates in the world. Since 1970, Cambodia's primary rainforest cover went from over 70 percent in 1970 to 3.1 percent today and currently has only 40% of its land densely forested. The deforestation of Cambodia has been accelerating during the last decade due to industrial plantation expansion, logging, and conversion for agriculture. (http://rainforests.mongabay.com/20cambodia.htm)
Lyndon B. Johnson made the Vietnam War his own by escalation and the involvement of the United States growing. While being president of the United States Johnson had the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution signed by the senators. The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution was signed because of the earlier attack of an American ship by the Vietnamese. This resolution gave the president the power to do what is necessary to prevent another attack. Even though it was proven that no Vietnamese attack actually happened. This was the first time that America had declared a war against another country. He sent American troops to Vietnam by aircrafts and by ground troops. This action contradicted what he said in his election. In his reelection campaign he specifically said
The conflict in Vietnam during the 1960’s was fueled by many different issues after the split between North and South. Although the religions in Vietnam coexisted peacefully since around the first century, religion did play a role in the Vietnam War. The three main religions of Vietnam are Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism, with the exception of Catholicism, which was introduced by the South Vietnamese regime. According to the Naval History and Heritage Command, “the Vietnamese people did have the freedom to study a selection of faiths during the Vietnam War era, however, they were not free to express their
People all around the world are beginning to recognize the importance of sustainability and how it is the key to future generations. Because the human ecological footprint is reaching the point of limitation, it is necessary that we adapt and develop more efficient, sustainable communities. Due to improper waste treatment and disposal practices, many cities today face the problem of relying on heavily contaminated and polluted sources of water. This problem often arises when pollutants and particulates find their ways into lakes, underground reservoirs, and other accessible water sources. The city of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania is just one example of how this problem is evolving and may do well to serve as a model for future water management plans. This essay will go over several causes of Pittsburgh’s current state of affair, but most importantly provide Pittsburgh with a guideline to conquer its water issue. The following solution is a four-step process which incorporates a combination of restructuring and reorganizing Pittsburgh’s wastes management. It is designed to address poor water quality but providing gradual steps and alterations to Pittsburgh’s current system of treatment and planning. In the end, this remedy will point the city towards healthier water supplies and overall sustainability.
The life of an American soldier in Vietnam was a extremely difficult one. They had to deal with the terrible conditions of the jungle, a sneaky enemy, racism, and a lack of support from home. The rough terrain and conditions of the jungles in vietnam was rough. It was hot, and humid. There were wild animals most deadly, and it would rain a lot. The viet-cong were a very sneaky enemy. They mostly relied on guerrilla warfare and booby traps. The people of vietnam mostly out of fear would support them with food and housing, and there are even reported cases of the viet-cong convincing mothers to either use their babies or young children to act as a suicide bomber. This often lead to our soldiers mistakenly killing civilians because they did not
Water pollution is when, “one or more substances have built up in the water to such an extent that they cause problems for animals and people” (Woodford). Water pollution is also bad for humans and animal’s health. Sewage, chemicals, radioactive waste, oil pollution, and plastic, are some causes for water pollution (Explain That Stuff). When water from rain runs off roofs and roads into rivers it carries away trash, toxic chemicals, dirt, and harmful organisms (NRDC Water). Some solutions to these are to throw things into the correct bin, use water wisely, and not throw chemicals, oil, paints, and medicine down the sink, drain, or toilet. Also plant lots of trees and have cities develop a sewage treatment plant to minimize pollution (eSchool Today). It’s important to protect our
War is seen as an event that affects diplomatic relations, homes, and the economy negatively. However, the effects war has had on the environment are overlooked. The environment has been a casualty of war and armed conflict. From the contamination of land and the destruction of forests to the plunder of natural resources, the environmental consequences of war are often widespread and devastating (Ki-moon, 2014). People learn about wars and concern themselves with the number of human deaths and the length of the war. Yet, the war and its effects do not stop once the weapons are put away. War and armed conflict cause damage to the environment and the organisms that inhabit it, even once the war is over. In this paper we will be discussing the
In my research, I will look at the effects and wellbeing of Tonle Sap’s slum dwellers regarding sanitation and the consequential effects on the lake that relates to the Cambodian economy and livelihood, which is severely under threat from the national and international consequences of the shift in the growth of modernity which creates a cycle where Cambodian city dweller resort to migrate to Tonle Sap’s slum. As the nation and the region develop, high levels of pollution find their way into its waters as slum dwellers. This poses a huge threat to the safeguarding of future generations of both wildlife and human population. The lack of basic sanitary provisions means that disease epidemics are an everyday risk to human life. A research shows that 1 in 77 newborn will not live to be a teenager. This is the bleak reality that Cambodia is facing today
The restriction to the local people for the use of forest products and timber logging can increase the demand for these products and market value. The control of the deforestation and degradation in REDD+ site increases the agricultural land crisis and demand for the land. Studies indicate that cross-border leakage is a major problem in many areas. In Vietnam between 1987 and 2006, about 39% of the forest cover was recovered, which was balanced by the forest loss in the neighboring countries including Lao PDR, Cambodia, and Indonesia (Barlow, et. al., 2012). The conservation or restoration project in the REDD+ areas without considering the immediate or underlying causes of forest loss can be more prone to leakage (Miles and Dickson, 2010) causing deforestation elsewhere to meet the demand for agricultural products and forest needs (Barlow, et. al., 2012).
Clean water supply is essential in establishing and maintaining a healthy community. There are two sources of water supply which are the surface water and ground water. Most natural waters are not suitable for consumption as it is contaminated by pathogens and also natural chemicals and minerals. In addition, as a city grew, wastes from human activities contaminate most of the water supplies. Water treatment plays an important role to properly treat a contaminated source of water supply in order to protect the health of consumers. Water treatment process is defined as a process of eliminating pollutants from untreated water to produce a biologically and chemically risk-free water, which is both potable and palatable for human consumption
IN RECENT years Dhaka City has been facing extensive water logging, especially, during the monsoon. Even without climate change, likely damage from waterlogging in Dhaka by 2050 is Taka 11,000 crore. In a changing climate with more intense rainfalls, the loss will be Taka 139,000 crores between 2014 and 2050. These damages can be reduced significantly to Taka 3,700 crores, if Taka 270 crores investment is made. The amount Taka 270 crores is equivalent to only 0.35 percent of the government’s annual development budget expenditure for 2014-2015.(World Bank,2015).Problems that occur in the city are increase in water pollution, traffic congestion, air and noise pollution, solid waste disposal, black smoke etc. Inadequate drainage sections, conventional drainage system with low capacity and gravity, natural siltation, absence of inlets and outlets,indefinite drainage outlets, lack of proper maintenance of existing drainage system, and over and above disposal of solid waste into the drains and drainage paths are accounted for the prime causes of blockage in drainage system and water logging. During the last 25 years or so rapid uncontrolled urbanization has taken place in its capital city Dhaka. Substantial increase in built-up areas has taken place due to insensitive developments of areas through private land developers and real estate business (Tawhid, 2004). The city has experienced water logging for last couple of years which creates
According to the United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), an estimated 18 million acres of forest, which is roughly the size of the country of Panama, are lost each year. Undeniably, the deteriorating environmental situation, the increasingly severe pollution of the atmosphere, and water, the severe damage to the living environment of wild animals and plants, the extinction of many species, the deforestation and the transitional mining of mineral resources caused contrary facts. Human existence and development have brought real and more serious potential threats. The scarcity of environmental resources is manifested gradually. As environmental issues are becoming a bottleneck restricting economic growth, it is imperative that lousy effect governed the environment.
Vietnam is world’s 13th most populous country, majorly consisting of Viet and Kinh ethnic groups. Vietnam has Vietnamese as official language and some other languages exist in minority groups. Vietnam adopted “seclusion” policy which made the country isolated and faced a deep crisis which led them on brink of bankruptcy. After 1995, started globalizing and established relation with United States and Vietnam also became member of WTO in 2006. There are many aspects that helped Vietnam to grow faster. PESTLE (Political, Economic, Social, Technical, Legal and Environmental) analysis helps in analyzing overall business opportunities and ease of doing business in country. Vietnam PESTLE analysis is as follows:-
Water purification and a wastewater treatment plants would be necessary in order to provide the citizens and visitors with clean healthy water. To prevent flooding, this city was built on flood plains.
70 % of our Earth surface is covered by water and almost 60% of the human body contain water for nutrient transportation. The unique characteristic of water is water molecule is the only substance in this Earth that exist in all three physical states of matter which are solid, liquid and gas. All human beings need water to survive. The national development over the years cause the rate of water pollution increased. According to Gebre & Rooijen (2009) water pollution can be considered as a sign that derives from economic growth and is a common phenomenon in urbanized cities in developing countries. In general, there are three main issues that related to water pollution which are the causes, effects and the way to decrease this problem.