Sawaquat Analysis

As I struggled to learn to kayak I pushed through the same water the Edisto’s paddles had touched. My experiences mirror those of Joseph Bruchac, in his work “At the End of Ridge Road.” Bruhac has a cabin in the country that is very close to “the homestead where [his] grandfather and his twelve brothers and sisters were born…Even closer to us are the unmarked burial places of Abenakis and Mohawks and Mohicans” (215-216). Bruhac’s modern home’s proximity to places of cultural importance for Native Americans shows that the way the land has been impacted and used by Native Americans should not be overlooked. The Native presence on the land is often overlooked since the Edisto people had all died from disease or war by the early 1700s. The Edisto people are often overlooked because of heavy focus on Civil War history in the area. The land that I’ve been walking for twenty years has an entire culture buried beneath it and I haven’t thought about it once. The Native Presence is not entirely gone. The Island’s infamous Captain Ron, a white man raised by the Cherokee, has had arrangements with my family for decades. Like the Edisto people before Ron uses the land to procure majority of the food his family eats. His children Rain, Tide, Marsh, and Wind learn these same skills and continue to grow up on Edisto Island.

Native Americans make up less than .9% of the United States population. With this trivial number, it is difficult to keep its culture and traditions alive as generations progress. In the short story “War Dances,” author Sherman Alexie morns the loss of Native American identity through a deprecating tone which illustrate a divide between generations.

The different views could be read as this: “They [the native Americans] are inconstant in every thing, but what fear constrains them to keep. Crafty, timorous, quick of apprehension and very ingenuous. Some are of disposition of fearful, some bold most cautelous [wily], all Savage”.

Lindsay’s statement illustrates how racial formation greatly influenced the actions and mindset of the European-Americans and its effects on Native Americans. It reveals how disillusioned European-Americans were because of their belief of racial superiority and that it caused them to turn a blind-eye to the possibilities of peaceful coexistence with the Native people. The portrayal of Native Americans as savages shows how European-Americans used this to prove themselves as a higher race in the social hierarchy and to justify their entitlement to the land and resources that waited for them in the west.

After reading “Second Thoughts of Colonial Historians and American Indians” by James H. Merrell, it is important to acknowledge the symbolicism of the language used by so many Colonial Historians as they recount significant instances throughout our Indigenous American History. In many comparisons, word selection used to describe the Native peoples, tend to simplify their existence as merely hunters and gatherers.

“The Way of a Cherokee” by Foxxy is about her memories and experiences growing up as a young child with her sister, Sierra, and grandpa. She is a Native American that has lived in a world that is different from the world her grandpa grew up in. In addition, she learned to love and appreciate nature just like her grandpa did. I can relate to her relationship with her grandpa because I have created many memories with my grandpa. My grandpa told me stories about his childhood. In Foxxy’s essay she explores the relationship between identity and cultural history through physical location, family relationships, and language differences.

Native American culture, while incredibly diverse, follows similar traditions and belief systems. Leslie Marmon Silko’s novel Ceremony provides a rich portrayal of Native American culture and traditions. Through the experiences of the protagonist Tayo, Silko explores Native American beliefs about nature, storytelling, and healing. In Ceremony, Leslie Marmon Silko uses literary elements and Laguna Pueblo cultural references to examine the clash between Native and white American cultures, while highlighting the resilience of Native traditions. An important Native American belief illustrated in the novel comes about the interconnectedness of humankind with nature.

The Spoken tribe, like many other Native American tribes, suffered considerably due to alcoholism, poverty, and racism. In order to combat the dire state that he is in, Spoken Indian Arnold “Junior” Spirit decides to leave the reservation and go to Reardan, a school full of whites. Sherman Alexie’s novel The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian paints a picture of life where racism, poverty, and alcoholism affects Arnold Spirit as he journeys through a completely different society. His decision endangers him not only in his reservation but also at Reardan where he is ostracized for being the only Indian boy in a school full of white people. Despite these dangers, Arnold is still willing to reject his family tradition and go to Reardan because he has hopes of finding a fulfilling and hopeful life. Due to his willingness to go through with his action of going to Reardan despite the hardships, Arnold is able to march inexorably towards finding a fulfilling and hopeful life. Through his perseverance of physical and emotional hardships, and his willingness to leave his family legacy behind and go to Reardan, it is revealed the extent that man is willing to go to in order to achieve his goals.

When the first colonists landed in the territories of the new world, they encountered a people and a culture that no European before them had ever seen. As the first of the settlers attempted to survive in a truly foreign part of the world, their written accounts would soon become popular with those curious of this “new” world, and those who already lived and survived in this seemingly inhospitable environment, Native American Indian. Through these personal accounts, the Native Indian soon became cemented in the American narrative, playing an important role in much of the literature of the era. As one would expect though, the representation of the Native Americans and their relationship with European Americans varies in the written works of the people of the time, with the defining difference in these works being the motives behind the writing. These differences and similarities can be seen in two similar works from two rather different authors, John Smith, and Mary Rowlandson.

When I was very young, my parents would take me and my sister to powwows, which are Native American social gatherings. Singing, dancing, and feasting are all characteristic of the powwow, as powwows serve as a means of experiencing Native American culture. During my time at the powwow held at UCSD, I served as an audience member for many of the traditional Native American performances. Through the viewing of these performances, I gained much insight into their symbolism and significance, and I was also able to contextualize some topics discussed in the course.

“The drink had me snared. I spoke less and drank more, and I became the Indian again; drunken and drooling and reeling, a caricature everyone sought to avoid,”(Wagamese,181). This stomach-turning quote displays what several First Nations thought their identity to be. With this in mind, to begin, “Indian Horse,” by Richard Wagamese is a somber and intriguing novel, with many thought-provoking points within the book. To illustrate this, the book follows a First Nations boy through his youth to adulthood. It is filled with traumatic events, depressing stories and even a few joyful moments. In addition, the novel takes place from around 1960-1980 throughout Ontario. Furthermore, this essay will explore several events and factors which impacted, Saul, the main character's identity.

Until I visited the museum, I never knew how the Native Americans lived, why they became the minority in the history of U.S. However, by listening Kandra’s explanation, I tuned in to the reason. Above all, I was impressed with their flags. frankly, I judged their culture level to backward, but it’s my misunderstanding. They already had

Popular culture has shaped our understanding and perception of Native American culture. From Disney to literature has given the picture of the “blood thirsty savage” of the beginning colonialism in the new world to the “Noble Savage,” a trait painted by non-native the West (Landsman and Lewis 184) and this has influenced many non native perceptions. What many outsiders do not see is the struggle Native American have on day to day bases. Each generation of Native American is on a struggle to keep their traditions alive, but to function in school and ultimately graduate.

For most of my life, the word “Native American” had immediately made me think of feathers, powwows, and a society uncorrupted by civilization. However, in watching the movie Smoke Signals, a movie that depicts the modern Native American culture, I learned many other things. For one, I learned that many of the customs that modern Native Americans have are very similar to my own. I also saw that the family life of the Native Americans in the film had many of the same problems that my family had undergone in the past years. This film was unlike any that I have ever seen; therefore, it reached me on a very personal level.

In Jeannette Armstrong’s poem, History Lesson, she writes in perspective of Indigenous people reacting to the first encounters with European settlers. Historically, Indigenous people did not have a positive encounter with the first settlers due to their clash of beliefs and values of how communities and structures should run. Instead, they had many disagreements which caused the partial destruction of their whole culture. It is clear that Armstrong uses the theme of history to portray the destruction that the first European settlers had on the Indigenous way of life through various points in history. Armstrong imbeds the theme of history throughout her poem to further emphasize her stance on the assimilation of the Indigenous people with the restricting and destructive effects the early settlers had on them throughout history.