Sample Of An Experiment On A Lab Preparation Of Cyclohexene By Using An E1 Reaction, Which Involved Cyclohexanol

1.5mL of phosphoric acid including 3-4 boiling chips were also added to the 25mL flask. The short path distillation apparatus was set up as shown in Figure 1. A heating mantle was used to heat up the 25mL flask. The solution was distilled to the receiving flask until a small amount of liquid remained in the initial RBF flask. At this point the presence of thick grey smoke pulling over into the entire apparatus was observed. The apparatus was then left to cool down. Through the use of pasture pipette, the aqueous layer from the distilled solution was drawn out. Sodium carbonate was then added to the remaining organic solution in order to check the pH and to verify the basicity of the solution. The aqueous layer was again drawn out from the solution. Next, 0.5g of sodium sulfate was added to the remaining organic layer and was swirled until the liquid appeared to be dry and clear. The alkenes were transferred into a clean 10mL flaks using another clean pasture pipe. The apparatus from the first distillation was rinsed off with

Procedure: Filled each test tube with substances provided and subjected them to various conditions. These conditions included, heat, cold water, hot water, acid and basic additions and tested on litmus paper. The reactions were observed and documented at each step.

The purpose of this lab was to carry out a dehydration reaction of 2-methylcyclohexanol by heating it in the presence of phosphoric acid and determining which alkene product would be the major product. Methylcyclohexanols were dehydrated in an 85% phosphoric acid mixture to yield the minor and major alkene product by elimination reaction, specifically E1. The alkenes were distilled to separate the major and minor products and gas chromatography was used to analyze the results and accuracy of the experiment. The hypothesis was the major product of the reaction would be the most substituted product. This conclusion was made because of

The organic solution was then transferred to a sample vial and labeled as reaction B. Another two mL of diethyl ether was placed with the NaHCO3 and then combined with the clear product and was sealed in the sample vial. This vial was also placed in the freezer until the product could be tested by gas

The main purpose of this experiment is to synthesize, isolate, extract and characterize 4-methylcyclohexe. The reaction is performed by performing a combined reflux and distillation procedure on the reactant 4- methylcyclohexanol along with catalysts concentrated sulfuric and phosphoric acid combined with heat. The combination of reflux and distillation procedure prevents the backward reaction through the formation of water. The reflux reaction is especially useful as the addition of heat during this process allows for an increase in the fraction of useful collisions. This allows the reaction to proceed faster.

After the mixture finished refluxing, the flask was then cooled on ice. A sulfuric acid solution was then prepared by pouring 4.5 mL of concentrated H2SO4 over 50 grams of ice and then diluted to 75 mL by adding enough tap water to reach 75 mL. The sulfuric acid solution was then cooled on ice.

Distillation is a method of separating two volatile chemicals on the basis of their differing boiling points. During this lab, students were given 30 mL of an unknown solution containing two colorless chemicals. Because the chemicals may have had a relatively close boiling point, we had to employ a fractional distillation over a simple distillation. By adding a fractionating column between the boiling flask and the condenser, we were able to separate the liquids more efficiently due to the fact that more volatile liquids tend to push towards the top of the fractionating column, thereby leaving the liquid with the lower boiling point towards the bottom. After obtaining the distillates, we utilized a gas chromatograph in order to analyze the volatile substances in the gas phase and determine their composition percentage of the initial solution. Overall, through this lab we were able to enhance our knowledge on the practical utilization of chemical theories, and thus also demonstrated technical fluency involving the equipment.

The goal of this experiment was to synthesize an alkene (4-methylcyclohexene) from an alcohol (4-methylcyclohexanol) by dehydration. The reaction, consist of 4-methylcyclohexanol, phosphoric acid, and sulfuric acid, was refluxed at a given time frame. The product was isolated by distillation and purified by adding sodium chloride to help the extraction. The final product had a 125% yield and was characterized by the IR spectroscopy and chemical reaction. The alkene resulted in a colorless liquid after adding molecular bromine dissolved in dichloromethane.

The purpose of the experiment is isolate the natural products -terpenes and acetogenins- and to observe their properties. The terpene used was used to isolate was limonene from a citrus peel, and the acetogenin that was used to isolate was eugenol from clove oil. The techniques used to isolate these two natural products was a steam distillation and extraction. The amount of eugenol that was recovered 2.39 grams. After the recovery of eugenol, an IR spectrum was obtained. The IR spectrum displayed the presence of an alcohol at 3529.37 cm-1 and an alkene at 1638.08 cm-1. Classification tests are used to determine what is present.The results for the classification tests for eugenol are shown below in the table.

In this experiment, 1,2-cyclohexene was taken and made it 1,2-cyclohexanediol in two separate reactions. Two products were formed in each respective reaction: cis-1, 2-cyclohexene and trans-1, 2-cyclohexanediol. To figure out which product was formed in each reaction, TLC was used to test the stereochemistry from the products compared to the actual compounds. Each retention factor was compared to the actual product retention factors to see if the reactions had been done properly.

A 10 mL round-bottom flask was weighed both before and after approximately 1.5 mL of the given alcohol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, was added. 3 mL of glacial acetic acid, one boiling chip, and 2-3 drops of concentrated sulfuric acid were added to the flask in that order. The reflux apparatus was assembled, the

An ice bath was prepared in a large beaker and a small cotton ball was obtained. 0.5 g of acetanilide, 0.9 g of NaBr, 3mL of ethanol and 2.5 mL acetic acid was measured and gathered into 50mL beakers. In a fume hood, the measured amounts of acetanilide, NaBr, ethanol and acetic acid were mixed in a 25mL Erlenmeyer flask with a stir bar. The flask was plugged with the cotton ball and placed in an ice bath on top of a stir plate. The stir feature was turned on a medium speed. 7mL of bleach was obtained and was slowly added to the stirring flask in the ice bath. Once all the bleach was added, stirring continued for another 2 minutes and then the flask was removed from the ice bath and left to warm up to room temperature. 0.8mL of saturated sodium thiosulfate solution and 0.5mL of NaOH solution were collected in small beakers. The two solutions were added to the flask at room temperature. The flask was gently stirred. Vacuum filtration was used to remove the crude product. The product was weighed and a melting point was taken. The crude product was placed into a clean 25mL Erlenmeyer flask. A large beaker with 50/50 ethanol/water

A 0.5 g of sodium tungstate dihydrate was weighed and transferred into a 50-mL round-bottom flask with a magnetic stir bar. Approximately 0.6mL of Aliquat 336 was then transferred carefully into the round bottom flask using a 1mL syringe. The round bottom flask and its contents were then set up in an oil bath. 11mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide and 0.37 g of potassium bisulphate were added to the reaction mixture in the round bottom flask and stirred using a magnetic stirrer. Lastly, 2.5mL of cyclohexene was added using automatic dispenser and the mixture stirred. A condenser was fitted on the round bottom flask, clamped and attached to water horses. The reaction mixture was then heated on the oil bath and the reflux process initiated for an hour while stirring the mixture vigorously. Half way while rinsing, any trapped cyclohexene in the condenser was rinsed. After 1 hour, the round bottom flask was rinsed

Equipment, Materials, and Method The equipment used were a jacketed batch reactor beaker, cooling water circulation system, computer, LabPro temperature probe and conductivity probe, mixing stand and magnetic stir bar. The materials used for this reaction were a 0.08M NaOH solution and a 0.1M ethyl acetate solution. A 20% excess Ethyl acetate was used to ensure NaOH was the limiting reactant.[1] NaOH was chosen for the limiting reactant because of its high conductivity relative to Ethyl acetate. The extent of the reaction was monitored by measuring the conductivity throughout the reaction. With NaOH being the limiting reactant, the change in conductivity is more visible, and the termination of the reaction can

The purpose of this experiment is to produce cyclohexene through the acid catalyzed elimination of water from cyclohexanol. Secondary alcohols like as cyclohexanol, undergo dehydration by E1 mechanism. In this experiment the important intermediate in the mechanism is the cyclohexyl cation. This intermediate can undergo both substitution and elimination reactions. In order to prepare the cyclohexene in a desired yield, it is imperative to the substitution reaction. In this experiment, the substitution reaction is suppressed by firstly, the use of strong acids with anions that are relatively poor nucleophiles ; secondly, a high reaction temperature that favours the elimination reaction as opposed to the substitution reaction; and lastly, the distillation of cyclohexene from the reaction mixture as it is formed. The dehydration of cyclohexanol is strategically done so as to have the product, cyclohexene, distilling from the reaction mixture as it is being formed; the distillation technique serves to remove the cyclohexene from contact with the sulphuric acid before polymerization occurs. In order to obtain pure cyclohexene from the crude distillate, one has to treat with the addition of calcium chloride that helps to get rid of the water and part of the cyclohexanol, thereafter, distillation aids in separating the rest of the cyclohexanol.