Salmonell A Case Study

Schwan’s Sales Enterprise had the largest foodborne illness outbreak in history in Marshall, Minnesota around 1994 (Rubenstein, 1998). Cliff Viessman, a tanker truck operator transported a shipment of raw eggs that may have been infected with salmonella bacteria. The suspected contamination was unknown to Viessman’s employees. A foodborne illness is an infection or irritation of the gastrointestinal that caused by food or beverages that contain harmful bacteria, parasites, viruses, or chemicals. The company truck was parked and pressure washed to eliminate the bacteria. The next assignment was to transport ice cream mix to the Schwan’s plant (Rubenstein, 1998). Schwan’s company heard about the bacteria that may have affected their product and

This case study, finalized and updated onto the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, talks about the Multistate Outbreak of Salmonella Wandsworth Infections Linked to Veggie Booty. Publishing this outbreak onto their website makes it very beneficial and helps the public realize the importance of food health. Food health is just as important as overall public health. It is essential because people need to consume food in order to live, and if their food is tainted or contaminated, it would cause health problems and sickness and in some extreme cases, death. Ensuring food health will overall promote public health in the long run.

In the article Backyard Chickens Carry Hidden Salmonella by Aneri Pattani. She explains why 900 people are infected with salmonella and the chickens are not the culprits of this disease. The normal issue with contracting Salmonella is normally eating raw cookie dough or undercooked eggs or meat. But it can also be contract when people put objects that came in contact with their live poultry, or when they deal with their live poultry and touch their mouth. Dr Nicholas says “ this doesn't mean people are not supposed to have Backyard chicken, but it is very important to wash your hands and make sure you have separate clothes for when you're dealing with live poultry”. She advised to not let your outside birds live with you in your house and avoid

This multistate outbreak of Salmonella Tennessee case was published by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in March of 2007 to inform the public of the outbreak that was discovered and in order to prevent other people from getting sick. The Salmonella infection was associated with the consumption of Peanut Butter, specifically with Peter Pan peanut butter and Great Value peanut butter brands manufactured by ConAgra. Since both brands were manufactured in the same facility in Georgia, they both became contaminated and so, the peanut butter jars with the code 2111 were to de discarded and avoided (MMWR, 2007). However, since the Great Value peanut butter brand is manufacture in other plants, only the peanut butter jars from the facility in Georgia had the bacterial infection within them. Although Salmonella is a common illness in the United States estimated at 1 million cases per year, the Tennessee serotype is a rare case and it was first associated with peanut butter in February 2007; however, since November of 2006, public health officials had noticed an increase with this serotype (MMWR, 2007). The symptoms of Salmonella Tennessee include diarrhea, fever, abdominal cramps and dysuria, which can be seen in 12-72 hours from the person being contaminated (MMWR, 2007). Furthermore, 715 Salmonella Tennessee cases where identified in 48 states from the beginning of August 2006 through the end of July 2007 (Sheth, 2011). The source of

Exposure to salmonella is not taken lightly, as it can prove deadly and lead to contact with several related diseases such as salmonellosis. Salmonellosis can manifest with symptoms including diarrhea, severe cramping, and

I thought that the worst thing that might happen as result of ingesting pathogen while eating contaminated food is diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, or nausea nothing more serious than that. It was shocking to me that people might have serious injuries that may last with them during their life time due to contaminated food. Moreover, I believed that this kind of injuries occur only for children, elders, or immune compromise people until the last pages of the book where I found Stephanie's who was a healthy athletes 19 years old girl that suffered damages in her left side of the brain after she ate contaminated burger. The damage in her brain made her paralyzed (Benedict, 2011). Reading Poisoned made me curious to know how much do E.coli and the common pathogens in food cost the United States? It was stated that only E.coli O157:H7 illness coasts the U.S. economy around 225 million dollar every year as result of approximately 63 illnesses, 2138 hospitalizations, and 20 deaths. In addition to E.coli, there are around 13 that coast the economy around 14 million dollar every years causing 8,914,713 illnesses, 53,678 hospitalizations, and 1322 deaths (Michael et al, 2012). Anther pathogens that causes enormous economic loss such as Salmonella.enterica and Norovirus. Although they are not related to the story, I thought it is important to be mentioned. S.enterica only causes 3,309 million dollar cast of illness, 1,027,561 illnesses, 19336 hospitalizations, and 378 deaths every year in the United States. On the other hand, Norovirus results in 2002 million dollar coast of illness, 5,461,731 illnesses and 14663 hospitalization, and 149 deaths .These numbers includes only the confirmed cases, so, there are millions of cases that were unrecorded (Michael et al, 2012). Looking at these enormous numbers it is obvious to me how important is the

Most people know that Salmonella is a bacteria that infects people heavily through uncleaned and poorly prepared food. However, few people know that this disease can actually be caused by bacterial infection in their well water. Although Salmonella is very rarely a deadly disease, it can still cause extreme diarrhea, high fevers, and cramps. Eliminate this threat by understanding how your well water gets infected and what you can do to treat it.

In the fall of 1984 in The Dalles, Oregon there was a Salmonella Typhimurium outbreak that caused gastroenteritis in a total of 751 people. There were two waves of the outbreak, the first being September 9th through the 18th and the second was September 19th through October 10th. An investigation of the outbreak determined that the origin of the outbreak was from 10 different restaurants and eating at their salad bars. During the epidemiological investigation, no water supply, single food item, or supplier or food distributor was common to all the affected restaurants. A later criminal investigation determined that the outbreak was intentionally caused by members of a religious commune contaminating the restaurant salad bars.

Companies should to admit the potential danger of different salmonella’s strains and allow to add them to the list of adulterants. The video gave enough evidences that bacteria cause severe health issues and even death. Manufacturers also should stop to screen themselves behind the legislative system and start to act before the appearance of evidences like unopened pack of chicken with the strain of salmonella that caused an outbreak. Prompt response will help to prevent the development of long-term consequences and will show that the company really cares about its consumers. Poultry manufacturers can also provide funding for researches on salmonella treatment as one of the main sources of the

A statistical data search of the CDC, PubMed and Ohio Department of Health databases was performed to gather data on cases of reported Salmonella, zoonotic Salmonella reported cases and cases linked to dogs, in the United States. Literature reviews were conducted using the Wright State University Library, PubMed, CDC, and Google using the primary terms: zoonotic disease, zoonotic infection, zoonosis, Salmonella, companion pets, dogs, and dog food. The titles, abstracts of the articles and reports were screened for information related to zoonotic Salmonella information related to dogs and human illnesses and outbreaks. The articles and reports were added to RefWorks, a web based bibliography (http://refworks.com), if they referred to zoonotic Salmonella in dogs and Salmonella illness in humans linked to

Foodborne illness, or food poisoning, happens everyday in the U.S. and it is estimated that 48 million people are affected by it every year. Of these 48 million, 128,000 end up in the hospital and 3000 of them die from foodborne pathogens (Tucker, 2014). Foodborne illnesses can be caused by biological, chemical, or physical contaminants. The biological contaminants consist of bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. Chemical contaminants are pesticides, cleaning supplies, and toxic chemicals. Physical contaminations are dirt, glass, wood, splinters, stones, hair, jewelry, and metal shavings (Tucker, 2014). Salmonella, a bacterium, has been the most common reported cause of food poisoning. Salmonella is most commonly exposed to humans through animal feces and it is usually from animals that give us beef, poultry, and dairy products. People who do not wash their hands after being around animals can also transmit salmonella into our food. The symptoms of Salmonella are abdominal cramps, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and fever (Tucker, 2014). The symptoms will usually resolve on their own in healthy people but may become life threatening in those with compromised immune systems. In order to prevent Salmonellosis, raw eggs should be avoided, as well as undercooked meat, shellfish, and unpasteurized milk and juice (Tucker, 2014). It is also important to always practice hand hygiene before handling any uncooked food products. Escherichia Coli, otherwise known as E. coli, is

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a bacteria usually found in warm blooded organisms such as human and animal intestines. Although there are large groups of E.coli, most strains are harmless. Other strains of the bacteria may cause diarrhea, respiratory illnesses and food poisoning. Some strains such as O157:H7 can cause kidney failure or severe anemia. Exposure to E.coli can be in the form of food, water, undercooked meat and even raw vegetables. Symptoms may include: nausea and vomiting, severe stomach cramps and stomach tenderness, diarrhea containing blood.

Members of the commune used these cultures to contaminate salad bars in 10 local restaurants. Over the course of a month, starting September 9th and ending October 19th, “a total of 751 persons with Salmonella gastroenteritis associated with eating or working at area restaurants” (Török et al., 1997, pg. 389) were infected. After a lengthy epidemiological and criminal investigation, it was determined by officials that the Salmonella outbreak was intentionally caused by members of the commune for political gains. Commune members confessed that they were testing their plan to incapacitate voters in the upcoming election with the goal of preventing them from voting, all to try and influence the outcome of the

One of the most common causes of food poisoning to date in the United States today is from a group of bacteria, Salmonella (Foodsafety.gov, n.d.). As reported by the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] (2014), Salmonella causes an estimated 1.2 million illnesses annually leading to 19,000 hospitalizations and a mortality of 380 (CDC, 2014). This cost was reported to be more than $3.7 billion in 2013 (Foodsafety.gov, n.d.)! The two most common kinds of Salmonella in the United States are Salmonella serotype Typhimurium and Salmonella serotype Enteritidis with Salmonellosis more common in the summer months (CDC, 2012).

Common illnesses that can occur are salmonella and trichinosis poisoning resulting from improper handling of chicken, eggs or pork (Jardin, 2009, para.2). Diseases such as: campylobacteriosis, cholera, and listeriosis also make the list of illnesses (Jardin, 2009, para.1). These diseases are the versions of food poisoning, which can be life-threatening. According to the World of Health article published in 2007,