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Review Of ' Vampire Bats '

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1. Vampire bats give blood to unrelated vampire bats for several reasons. Among the reasons are the cost sharing of blood, the benefit of sharing blood and the probability that the bats that were given blood will in turn reciprocate and give blood to other bats at a later date. The cooperative equilibria in blood sharing among bats means that the sharing of blood will occur if the benefits of sharing blood multiplied by the probability that blood sharing will be beneficial in the future is greater than the cost of sharing blood. If a bat shares blood with another bat (even an unrelated bat), the bat that is the recipient is expected to donate blood to other bats at a larger rate than it received at a later time.

A donor bat will give blood to a bat that has not had a meal so that this bat can have the opportunity to hunt again, giving an increased chance that it will reciprocate to another bat that has not had a meal, enabling the roost to maintain survival. In the event that a recipient bat does not reciprocate in the future, that bat will not be donated to if it needs it in the future, thus allowing for recipient bats to be donor bats in the future as needed.

2. In the Berg, Dickhaut and McCabe (1995) study, factors that influence the likelihood of trust in economic transactions is a fundamental assumption that individuals act in their own self-interest which is often combined with other assumptions that (1) objects of interest are restricted to personal consumption;

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