ASSIGNMENT ON BTA-12
FUTURE GEOGRAPHY OF
TRAVEL AND TOURISM – SOME PROSPECT
Submitted to: M/s Shivgit Submitted by: Dechen Choki BSc.ATHM II
CONTENT
1. Tourism
2. Geography
3. Relationship between tourism and geography
4. Leipers Model
• Traveler Generating Region
• Tourist Destination Region
• Transit Route
INTRODUCTION
What is Tourism?
The activities of persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes.
Definition of Tourism
“ The temporary movement of people to destinations outside their normal places of work and residence, the activities undertakes
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Reason for Tourism
To attend a sport event
To visit friends
To improve health
For business trip
To entertain
To celebrate event, etc…
Relationship between Tourism and Geography
Geography determines most of the natural scenes and the later determine the interest of the most of the tourist.
Geography determines the human civilizations and history cultures and many more things. These all things determine the tourist interest.
The three elements of Leiper’s model
The tourist
The geographical elements
The tourism industry
Geographical Elements of Leipers Model The tourism sector is said to be approached by adopting the model suggested by Leiper which has three basic geographical elements as the following:
Traveller Generating
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In contrast, tourism destination have “pull factor” that hopefully match push factors that potential tourists have.
Pull factors can be either natural or manmade.
Impacts on future tourist destination region are:
Geographical Factor
These factors are mainly seasonality and attractions. Tourist demand goes up and down throughout the years. The supply is influenced as the seasonal pattern affects the occupancy rate of accommodation. For example, during the peak season, the accommodation is almost full meaning that there is not enough to cater and there will be rise in price.
In tourism region, seasonality leads to seasonal employment, and the correlative seasonal unemployment causes welfare problems.
Good attraction makes a particular place famous which influences supply.
QUALITY OF PRODUCT AND THE TECHNOLOGY
Destination factors are another factor which influences the supply on tourism regions. There are many elements of destination factors, but the main aspects of destination factors are ‘quality of the products and technology’. The quality of the products provides the main image of a particular company.
Many things will affect people’s decision to travel, the destinations they choose and for how long they stay. Different destinations are affected by different factors, here we will explore these factors and the destinations they effect.
In this document I am going to be looking at factors that affect both inbound and domestic tourism deciding to travel to the UK or travel within the UK. Some examples of factors that I will be reviewing include the following; health, safety and security, accessibility, marketing campaigns, availability of products and services, quality of good and services, economic recession in the UK/and or tourist generating countries, exchange rate, travel restrictions, emerging of new markets, competition from other destinations and finally weather.
Rich history and heritage: This is one of the most important factors for attracting tourist. The places customers are going to visit are the ones having rich history and great culture heritage so it not only attracts them to visit but also provide them a better and deep understand about local culture and lifestyles.
Within travel and tourism inbound and domestic tourism are frequently changing, there are many internal and external factors which have a major impact and contribute to these changes. In this assignment I am going to analyse 3 internal and 3 external factors which affect the travel and tourism industry.
An analysis of the potential for growth, size of the market and trends in tourism and any other factors you consider
As mentioned by Rimmington & Morrison (2009), the assistance from different parts of the world presents a new and diverse outlook for future research including theoretical innovations and revelations, cultural and environmental aspects, tourist destination and other ecotourism and recreational aspects of tourism and hospitality industry (Brotherton,
The following literature is suggesting that how a tourist destination can be analyzed with the help of Butler's Tourism Life Cycle Model. Butler (1980) introduced the concept of the model which clarifies and extends earlier work by, for example, Cristaller (1963), Noronha (1976) and Stansfield (1978). In doing so, Butler clearly links the development cycle of tourism destinations to that of products in the product life cycle model. This is one the best used management framework to know the evolution in a tourism destination as described by Baum (1998), the original Butler's model included:
The following literature is suggesting that how a tourist destination can be analyzed with the help of Butler's Tourism Life Cycle Model. Butler (1980) introduced the concept of the model which clarifies and extends earlier work by, for example, Cristaller (1963), Noronha (1976) and Stansfield (1978). In doing so, Butler clearly links the development cycle of tourism destinations to that of products in the product life cycle model. This is one the best used management framework to know the evolution in a tourism destination as described by Baum (1998), the original Butler's model included:
Tourism also impacts a key factor in tourism: the environment. The environment is made up of both natural and human features (Mason, 2003, p.52). As soon as tourism activity takes place, the environment is inevitably changed or modified either to facilitate tourism or during the tourism process (Cooper, Fletcher, Gilbert & Wanhill, 1998, p. 150).The impact can be positive or negative.
Good climate: Good climate is one of the most important features of attraction for any tourist place. Pleasant climate with warmth and ample of sunshine attracts tourists who come from the temperate and colder regions. For
Another aspect of impact of tourism on a country’s economy is that it facilitates the expansion of the market of goods and services. Foreigners come to a country willing to spend money on different goods and services, thus increasing the amounts of sales. This is a great chance for producers and service providers to receive larger profits. This concerns not only hoteliers, tour operators, and souvenir shops owners. Public transportation, retail stores of different kind, restaurants, and cafes benefit from international tourism. Obviously, if these industries are in demand, businesses will be expanding. On the one hand, it means that more money is paid to the budget. On the other hand, profits generated by the owners are spent inside the country, affecting almost all the fields of the
The Travel and Tourism industry is still one of the largest single businesses in world commerce and its importance is widely recognized. The tourism industry is now one of the largest sectors earning foreign exchange. In the face of many benefits, many countries have started assigning due weight age to the tourism industry in their national development agenda. Tourism is an industry that operates on a massively broad scale: it embraces activities ranging from the smallest sea-side hotel; to air-lines, multi-national hotel chains and major international tour operators. Originally, non-traditional industries such as tourism emerged as a solution to strike a balance between ecology and industry
Tourism comprises the activities of persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure , business or other purposes (Holloway and Taylor 2006;6).
Tourism in general is closely tied to geography, since travellers take into account the travel time, routing and local climate when choosing vacation destinations. Travel agents, who must successfully sell or advise clients on travel products on a daily basis, need to understand what geographically sets places apart and why destinations are chosen by customers. Travel agents must
Seasonality is defined as the fluctuation of situations that has a direct effect on one or more variables. (McCarthy 1994:275).According to an article by strathprints journals (www.stathprints/journals, 25 April) seasonality in tourism has traditionally been regarded as a major problem which needs to be overcome, but relatively little research has been conducted on the patterns or causes of this phenomenon.