Colligative Properties & Osmotic Pressure
Peter Jeschofnig, Ph.D. Version 42-0149-00-01
Lab RepoRt assistant
This document is not meant to be a substitute for a formal laboratory report. The Lab Report Assistant is simply a summary of the experiment’s questions, diagrams if needed, and data tables that should be addressed in a formal lab report. The intent is to facilitate student’s writing of lab reports by providing this information in an editable file which can be sent to an instructor
obseRvations & QUestions - paRt i
A. Record your observations and your time and temperature data in tables.
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In your experiment is the Karo® hypertonic or hypotonic to the egg? The KARO syrup is hypertonic to the egg therefore there is a lower concentration outside of the (in the solution) than inside of the egg. So diffusion will occur here, meaning water will move from inside the egg to the outside in the KARO solution. This is shown with the obvious size differences in the egg as time increases. The egg becomes smaller and decreases in mass.
C. Historically certain colligative properties – freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, and osmotic pressure – have been used to determine molecular mass. (Now there are instrumental methods to determine this.) Of these three, osmotic pressure is the most sensitive and gives the best results. Molecular mass can be found according the following equation:
Π = MRT
Where: Π = osmotic pressure,
M = molarity of solution,
R = the ideal gas constant (0.0821 L×atm/mol×K), and
T = Kelvin temperature.
Sample Problem
0.125 grams of a starch is dissolved in 100 mL of water at 25oC and has an osmotic pressure of
5.15 mmHg. What is its molecular mass?
Since the gas constant, R, requires atmospheres as pressure units, we have to convert 5.15 mmHg to atmospheres:
5.15 mm Hg * 1 atm/760 mm Hg = 0.00678 atm.
0.00678 atm = M (0.0821) (273 + 25 =
When your lab report is complete, submit this document to your instructor in your assignment box.
Relevant Websites to Help You with This Lab – Be sure to review these Websites before and during the completion of this Lab.
In the rubber egg lab also known as the osmosis lab, I first measured the circumference of the egg which was 6 inches. The egg had no cracks and was hard. I placed the egg in the vinegar and within seconds the egg started to bubble. These bubbles were carbon dioxide. After 72 hours the shell of the egg had started to dissolve or flake. This would be considered passive transport as the vinegar diffused across the egg shell without any force. Seventy-two hours into the experiment the membrane was exposed, and had a circumference of 8 inches. Before the egg had a shell and you couldn’t see through it but once the vinegar acted as an acetic acid it broke down the shell and left a yellow membrane that felt like rubber this is an example of diffusion. I then placed the egg in another container and put corn syrup over the egg for 24 hours. The egg had shriveled and shrunk, the water had left the egg and went into the syrup and that is what caused the egg to shrink. The corn syrup is essentially pure sugar with very little water so the osmotic pressure is very low. I then placed the shriveled egg in water and waited for another 24 hours. After observation the egg had no
Instructions: Enter the Virtual Lab, and conduct the experiments provided before going out into the filed for additional research. Please type your answers. When your lab report is complete, submit it to the Submitted Assignments area of the Virtual Classroom.
The purpose of this lab was to determine the molecular mass of a compound by measuring the freezing point depression. Freezing point depression is one concept discussed within this experiment, additionally, in class too. Freezing point depression is a colligative property, which refers to one that depends on the number of particles in a given volume of solvent, rather than on the chemical nature of the particles. Another concept applied to this experiment is the cooling curves, which for a pure solution does not plateau when the phase change occur, rather the rate at which the temperature decreases becomes slower. The cooling curve for the pure solvent, on the other hand, has a plateau because there is no solute within it that affects the temperature.
Lab Manual Introductory Biology (Version 1.4) © 2010 eScience Labs, LLC All rights reserved www.esciencelabs.com • 888.375.5487 2 Table of Contents: Introduction: Lab 1: The Scientific Method Lab 2: Writing a Lab Report Lab 3: Data Measurement Lab 4: Introduction to the Microscope Biological Processes: Lab 5: The Chemistry of Life
Did the egg permeate the corn syrup (hypertonic solution) or the water (hypotonic solution)? First, using the triple beam balance we measured the mass of our egg which was 65 grams. Then, we put the egg in a 200ml of vinegar to completely take the outer shell off. The next day, after rinsing the egg, using a beaker we poured 200 ml of corn syrup into the beaker. Then put our egg into the beaker and let it sit for 24 hours. After the 24 hours, the egg has shriveled and has gone down to 48 grams. On day 3, we poured 200 ML of water into the beaker then placed the egg into the water. the next day, the mass of the egg went above the original mass of the egg at 96 grams. The egg permeated the water because of osmosis and it’s density.
The mass of the egg soaked in corn syrup decreased and the volume of the syrup in the beaker increased. There was a higher concentration of water inside the egg than outside, so the water moved across the membrane to leave the egg to go to where there was a lower concentration. The mass decreased since water was leaving the egg. The volume increased because the water from the egg added to the corn
Table 1, shows the average change in mass and average rate of osmosis of the egg after it had been soaking for ten minutes in the distilled water, 1%, 2%, 5% and 10% Sodium Chloride solutions. The table also shows the SEM for each of the averages. All of the averages show that as the salt concentration increases from 0% to 2%, the rate of change in mass decreases. From the 5% salt concentration to 10%, the rate of change in mass begins to increase. This indicates that somewhere between 2% and 5%, an isotonic environment was reached. This is all shown in the results, as the average rate of osmosis in the egg after being submerged in the distilled water is 0.105 g/min, the average rate of osmosis after being submerged in the 1% solution is
1. Lab reports are to be computer-generated and double-spaced. All sections of the report must
There is not a formal lab report for this lab. Complete the above pages using the Microsoft version of this file that is available for download on the lab D2L page. Once the worksheet is complete, submit the worksheet on time and to your TA in the dropbox on
This document is not meant to be a substitute for a formal laboratory report. The Lab Report Assistant is simply a summary of the experiment’s questions, diagrams if needed, and data tables that should be addressed in a formal lab report. The intent is to facilitate students’ writing of lab reports by providing this information in an editable file which can be sent to an instructor.
This is also known as a hypertonic solution which explains why the egg will decrease in size. Corn syrup is a hypertonic liquid because it is very concentrated with not much water compared to the egg unlike water which is hypotonic because it contains more water than the egg. In this solution, the solute remains the egg, and the solvent is changed to corn syrup. Osmosis still plays an action because water is still passing through the membrane from high to low concentrations.
I will be completing this assignment for Chemical Engineering Lab 1 as an introduction to the writing and formatting process that is expected by Professor Burrows. During this writing, I will work to become familiar with the whole process of the lab report. This will include practicing how to format professional tables and plots, with clear and understandable information and captions. My previous experience with formatting reports in Microsoft Office and utilizing Microsoft Excel for tables and plots will be utilized. Strengths that I have come from my need to make the document have a professional look, as I have not only wanted to provide quality information, but also to make the report aesthetically pleasing. Places of improvement could include time efficiency, including effectively gathering data from online or public sources. I believe this first assignment will be at least sufficient with completing all of the tasks required with proper formatting, with a hope that what is sought after or expected will be completely understood. By doing this, a certain rhythm of writing the lab reports and completing further assignments may be obtained that will benefit me for the remainder of the semester.
After that, it is crucial to convert the mass to volume. The water density at a temperature will aid this process. The compliance of the Volume Occupied by 1.000g of Water Weigh in Air table is deemed necessary throughout the comparison.