Propolis Lab Report

The diuretic activity of Silybum Mariamum L. was higher than that of furosemide or Cistus landaniferus L. In addition, both plants increased urinary excretion of sodium, potassium and creatinine and the effect of Silybum marianum L. was higher than that of furosemide or Cistus landaniferus L.. Interestingly, both plants did not cause changes in the plasma sodium or potassium while furosemide caused hypokalemia. These findings are important since both plants might have a potential to be used as a future diuretics without hypokalemia which is a common finding with use of current diuretics such loop diuretics or hydrochlorothiazide. Because there was no effect of the plants` extract on plasma electrolytes and plasma osmolarity, it might be suggested that the active principle(s) in both plants may has/have a potassium-sparing effect. Furthermore, both plants increased creatinine clearance and studying their effect in kidney failure might explore their potential to help increasing creatinine clearance or ameliorating acute/chronic kidney

vulgare shown to have significant antibacterial activity in vitro as compared to some standard antibiotics[53]. Butanol and aqueous fractions of F. vulgare fruit showed intermediate free radical scavenging activity in vitro[54]. A group of rat pretreated with aqueous extract of F. vul-gare shown to have suppressed ethanol-induced gastric lesions. Also, this extract significantly reduced lipid peroxidation and increased antioxidant activity[70]. Administration of methanolic extract of F. vulgare fruit orally to mice has been shown to suppress Type 4 allergic reactions as well as acute and subacute inflammatory responses and also shown moderate centeral analgesic effect. In addition, it significantly enhance plasma antioxidant status while suppressing lipid peroxidation chain

Propolis is a brownish resinous substance collected by bees mainly from plants. It is a potent antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.[4] Recently, it has attracted much attention due to its antibacterial and antifungal activities.

Inflammatory cause from immune response to infection by remove damage tissue to clear the area for repair. Uncontrolled inflammatory will give side effect to body. Greek physician and herbalist detect the anti-inflammatory properties in honey. During that time, the honey is use for sunburn and spots on the face and consume honey heal inflammation at the throat and tonsils (Gunther R.T, 1934). The mechanism of anti-inflammatory action recognized by a research revealed that bees add a protein called Apalbumin 1 to the nectar to make a honey by suppress the action of white blood cell engulfing bacteria that lead to inflammation process. The present of high level methylglyoxal in manuka honey react with Apalbumin 1 effective in suppressing white

- Honey is a biologic wound dressing with multiple bioactivities that work in concert to expedite the healing process, and some of it's physical properties:-

Parsley's taproot, leaves, and seeds are used medicinally. The leaf is used extensively as a culinary herb and garnish. Parsley's volatile oil, particularly the oil from the seed, contains the chemicals apiole, also known as parsley camphor, and myristicin in varying quantities depending on the variety of parsley. These constituents are diuretic, and also act as uterine stimulants. The diuretic effect of parsley appears to be related to increased retention of potassium in the small intestine. Parsley is used for urinary tract infections (UTIs), kidney stones (nephrolithiasis), gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, constipation, jaundice, intestinal gas (flatulence), indigestion, colic, diabetes, cough, asthma, fluid retention (edema), osteoarthritis,

Methods: This review summarized previous and recent published papers of the effects of two bee products, propolis and bee venom, on the wound healing. The main results were obtained from preclinical experimentation.

They don’t give a real ingredient list, however state that they use 100% natural Royal Bee Pollen as well as Geniux does not comprise Piracetam, one of the first nootropics. They furthermore have a page of the name of studies they claim were conducted using components of the formula. Utmost of the studies quoted have to do with bee pollen. We looked up these studies as well as most seemed to show the remedial properties on numerous organs of the body as well as found none that display this ingredient has any cognitive aids. Certainly, WebMD lists propolis as maybe effective for cold sore, genital herpes, plus mouth surgery.

Honey is a common household food item with many medicinal properties, and is a hypertonic osmotic. The goal of osmosis is to bring substances with a high concentration of particles to a lower concentration and equalize both solvents on either side. A hypertonic osmotic is a substance that is able to draw decrease the concentration of fluid in cells through osmosis due to the higher concentration of pressure outside the cells, than inside the cells. The significant amount of sugar present in honey is what raises pressure to draw any leakage out of enlarged cells. “The antibacterial property of honey was first recognized in 1892 by Van Ketel. It has often been assumed that this is due entirely to the osmotic effect of its high sugar content. Honey, like other saturated sugar syrups and sugar pastes, has an osmolarity sufficient to inhibit microbial growth (Molan. 2001)”. The osmotic nature of honey draws excess fluid out of inflamed or infected cells.

Phytochemical studies on Calotropis procera have afforded several types of compounds such as Cardenolide, triterpinoids, alkaloids, resins, anthocyanins and proteolytic enzymes in latex, flavonoids, tannins, sterol , saponins, cardiac glycosides. latex contains caoutchouc, calotropin, calotoxin 0.15%, calactin 0.15%, uscharin 0.45%, trypsin, voruscharin, uzarigenin, syriogenin and proceroside18 The flower contains the flavonoids, queretin- 3- ratinoside, sterol, calactin, calotoxin, calotropagenin, calotropin, polysaccharides with D-arabinose, glucose, glucosamine and L-rhamnose. Flowers also contain enzymes 3-proteinase and calotropain (protease). Other chemical constituents of C. procera flowers are lupeol, uscharin, proceroside,

Dragonfruit Vitamin water contains predominately 160mg of vitamin C per 500ml as the main ingredient. There is evidence to show the benefit of vitamin C as adjuvant therapy for the treatment of hypertension. Doses of vitamin C supplements ranging between 60-400mg were shown to have a useful role in lowering blood pressure (both SBP and DBP). The corresponding averages of SBP and DBP were declining after the ingestion of 50ml of vitamin water amongst 10 participants in our pooled data (SBP: -1.40±2.35mmHg, DBP: -0.10±3.85mmHg). Likewise the same decrease in SBP was evident with 50ml of water, which gave a decrease by 0.90±4.17mmHg. It may be possible that vitamin C content negated the OPR. Blood pressure changes are sensitive to ascorbic acid levels until a certain threshold; the effect of vitamin C was lowered in trials where the population had already taken supplements due to renal

The administration of the aqueous extract and gel of Opuntia ficus indica for eight days did not cause significant changes in the plasma concentrations of sodium, potassium, urea and creatinine, as compared to the control. However, furosemide lowered serum potassium and elevated serum creatinine (Table

This indicates that the metabolism of proteins was apparently affected by Ch.t extract. The improvement on the levels of protein and albumin in the diabetic treated groups show that Ch.t extract have significant effect in glucose and protein level because insulin inhibit gluconeogenesis from protein [ ] or could be due to improvement in renal function. This affirmative agrees with the fact that the weight of skeletal muscles was significantly increase in diabetic rats treated with Ch.t extract. The decrease in albumin level documented for diabetic rats may be due to liver massive necrosis, deterioration of liver function, hepatic resistance to insulin and glycogen impairment of oxidative phosphorylation[ ].Under the same experimental conditions serum globulin level revealed an appreciable decrease[ ]. The renal pathogenesis is related to duration of diabetes, the most devastating complication with diabetes is nephropathy[

Honey is a natural substance produced by bees and popularly consumed by humans for health reasons. Aside from being useful as a remedy for asthma, cough, hay fever, stomach problems and diarrhea, honey is also delightful to the taste. Parents may want to allow their babies to experience new tastes, such as that of honey, but health experts warn that the proper time to introduce honey to young babies must be considered because serious side effects may occur when it is given too early.

Manuka Honey: honey contains hydrogen peroxide which is what gives it its antibiotic quality however some Manuka honeys have a unusual non- peroxide type of antibacterial activity, Manuka Honey with the non-peroxide characteristic is known as ‘Active Manuka Honey.’ Manuka honey without the non-peroxide characteristic get their antibacterial properties from Hydrogen Peroxide. “ The