Pompeii and Herculaneum: Leisure Activities
For each I've chosen one main source, and gathered a variety of other sources to help explain and reinforce it further. I find that one source (particularly buildings alone) are not enough to base all of the information on, and you gain a more comprehensive understanding by combining them.
Entertainment was essential to daily life in Ancient Rome. According to Juvenal1, it seemed that all Romans were interested in was "bread and circuses," and with theatres, amphitheatres, gambling, drama and public baths galore, the Romans never seemed to get bored.
Source 1: Pompeian Amphitheatre * Built in 70BC, Pompeii's amphitheatre is the oldest and most complete pre-Colosseum style
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Thanks to the various sources and the multiple mediums through which they are presented we have learnt much about this aspect of Roman entertainment. Frescoes, mosaics, writings, graffiti, buildings, artefacts (gladiator's helmet, weapons, etc), inscriptions, reliefs and even bodies all reveal details of the many different facets and experiences of this ancient entertainment. We now know who went, what and who the entertainment was, and even the stories of the ancient Pompeians and reconstruct a variety of experiences. This source is a archaeological treasure as unlike others it did not deteriorate from non-use or knocked down, it was frozen on a typical roman day and has thus remained. It is also significant as we can compare this evidence to similar items of evidence from all over Rome and deepen our understanding of the life of the ancient Romans.
Source 2: Public Baths at Herculaneum and Pompeii. In first century AD, the baths were a place of leisure time during many Romans daily routine. People from almost every class, men and women ( but not children) could attend the public baths or thermaes3, which could be compared to modern day fitness clubs. Public baths were not only for cleaning purposes only, but in many ways, the baths were the ancient Roman equivalent of community centres. The baths were only part of what the thermae (large bath complex)
The private and public leisure activities of Pompeii and Herculaneum were largely abundant. Many activities could be participated in and were used often. These include Drama performances, gladiatorial games, drinking, gambling, brothels, exercise, gardens, baths and food and dining. All these were an important part of Pompeian and Herculaneum life. They were seen as important to keep the body and mind healthy in most cases. Though some opposed some of the activities like brothels, gambling and drinking. But all give a important look into the life of those in Pompeii and Herculaneum before the catastrophic eruption of Vesuvius which completely destroyed
Another activity Romans found entertaining was watching the fights between the gladiators. The Romans were more interested when the winner celebrated by killing his opponent. In Rome having sex with the same gender was not uncommon. Also the roles of woman were portrayed as servants who could satisfy one’s sexual
One event that the romans did for entertainment was the roman theatre, where they did plays. Every roman loved to watch the plays, but the only people who were aloud to preform were men, because ‘back in the day’ women didn’t have the same rights as men. Instead they would wear black mask’ for men and white mask’ to represent girls and women. But it wasn’t the only weird thing they did for entertainment, another thing they did was killing was interpreted in acting and this wasn’t only acting parts, you would quite literally die from playing the part. Compared to the modern day entertainment is better since it involves no
The year was 79 A.D. The people of Pompeii were going about their daily lives, when suddenly, the entire top of the nearby volcano, Mount Vesuvius, exploded. Within days, the entire metropolis was buried under twenty feet of stones and ash as lethal gas filled the air, causing approximately 22,000 casualties. Because Pompeii was so well preserved by the stones and ash, it provides insight on what daily life in Pompeii was like. From the archeologists’ findings we can tell that some aspects of their lives resemble ours. Like us, the citizens of Pompeii ate on the run, had similar values and interests, and had many roles to play in their households.
Although both Ostia and Pompeii were rural city towns in two different Roman cities, at two different time periods, I think there are many similarities between the two places. Ostia, which lies 15 km from the city of Rome, served as the city’s principal port and harbor because of its geographical location to the Tiber River around 4th century Ancient Rome. As for Pompeii, it shared many similar traits to Ostia, founded around 6-7th B.C.E, it also served as a harbor city-town in modern day Naples.
This helped the Romans greatly because they could have fresh water and roads to walk on. In terms of entertainment, there was chariot racing and gladiators that fought in the arena. At the show, they even gave free bread to the poor to eat there.
In Ancient Rome, city life was chaotic and cluttered. Even through all this hustle and bustle, they still had leisure time to do things for fun. Live entertainment played a major role in their city lives; this was mostly because it was free (Williams). A popular pastime was watching Gladiator fights at the Coliseum. Gladiator fights were where two men would compete in matches against one another (Williams). Man pitted against man was common entertainment, but the gladiators would also battle against lions and tigers (Williams). Today’s society still enjoys adrenaline packed entertainment, but Coliseums have become movie theatres, and Gladiator fights have become action movies (Williams). Even tic-tac-toe, a common pastime game, has roots in the Roman Empire. Romans enjoyed watching
During the re-examining the Ancient people killed in the eruption, scientists have discovered that ancient people of Pompeii seemed to have perfect teeth, this seems to be from their healthy diet and the high fluorine air and water of their environment. And we know this because the people of Pompeii and Herculaneum had access to a wide range of fresh produces such as bread, cheese, nuts and salads. Organic materials have been found in Herculaneum including dates, figs, prunes, almonds, chestnuts, walnuts, olives, myrtle berry. Pomegranates and loaves of bread. At Pompeii a priest's meal was found in the ruins of the temple of Isis, this included eggs, walnuts, fish and cereal.
For as long as humans have existed, they have always found some way to entertain themselves. Even the earliest societies have left evidence of some sort of activity or hobby that they used as a form of entertainment. Perhaps the most famous building that was used as a form of entertainment is the Roman Colosseum, also known as the Flavian amphitheater. In ancient Rome, the most popular form of entertainment was the gladiator fights. These fights, usually among animals and trained public fighters, were staged in open arenas in a city's forum. There is evidence
Life in Pompeii was over all serene, in the Italian countryside of Campania. The city was fairly large and was about five miles southeast of base of Mount Vesuvius. ( Gracco, Tiberio. “Welcome to Ancient Pompeii.”) Pompeii was quite advanced for its time with a
Entertainment in Roman society, specifically in Pompeii and Herculaneum, was very significant, which can be seen in the large number of buildings in both of these towns that serve the purpose of entertaining the Roman citizens. One of the most notable of these buildings was the Amphitheatre in Pompeii, as it one of the earliest built Roman amphitheatre and is one of the oldest that still stands today. From paintings, such as source A, a Fresco painting found in the house of Actius Anicetus, it can be made clear that gladiatorial matches were held in the amphitheatre in Pompeii, which was a main source of entertainment for the people of the time. The matches in the amphitheatre were largely popular, as it accommodated the people of all classes, with 35 rows of seating, being able to hold 20,000 people, which can be seen in the remaining structure of the building today, as it was so well preserved, even during the eruption of Vesuvius in
Pompeii and Herculaneum blossomed near the edge of Mt. Vesuvius. At the time 20,000 people lived in Pompeii, Pompeii was a beautiful place and loved by many. 5,000 people lived in Herculaneum and many wealthy romans liked going their because it was gorgeous. It all happened after midnight, The Mt. Vesuvius volcano erupted and it covered all of Herculaneum. The people there tried to escape to Pompeii but sadly at 6:30 in the morning the volcano erupted again but even more powerful the people who tried to escape died almost instantly
to gain( either financially or to aid the Roman community) from. Even leisure time was taken
Over the past centuries, since its discovery in 1749, many archaeologists have contributed to our understanding of Pompeii and Herculaneum. Archaeologists were initially focused on excavating, most of which were improperly done causing extensive damage. It wasn’t until the 19th century, when archaeologist Giuseppe Fiorelli introduced new excavation methods; those succeeded him include August Mau, Vittorio Spinazzola and Amendo Maiuri. Now attention has shifted towards conservations and restorations which are reflected in the works of Fausto Zevi and Pier Guzzo.
So things such as running, jumping, swimming, wrestling and boxing were all part of the Roman education system and were used for military preparation as well. There were also sporting events that the Roman Empire put on in honor of the gods they worshipped similar to that of the Greeks (Siedentop 24-25).