Previously, during the Early Middle Ages (500-1350), Western Europe went through a time of Feudalism and Manorialism, and many political, economic, social, and several other, changes were made. Then, during the Late Middle Ages (1300-1600), Western Europe was truly starting to form and become its own territory. At the same time, Eastern European Russia was just beginning to form, and it soon became one of the top civilizations. These two European territories were similar and different. First, England and Russia had their similarities and differences politically. Next, the two parts of Europe were extremely similar economically, albeit they had their differences as well. Finally, culturally, England and Russia were quite different, yet still …show more content…
They shared a few political views, but they had two different political systems. The political idea that they shared was centralization. Centralization is when a ruler removes all outside influences from their territory, including the Church and the nobles. Both Russia and England were centralized. In England, the creation of the new secular courts started the break between politics and religion. When something is secular, it means that it has no religious influence. Before this, several events led to the nobles having no influence either. Events that caused this include the Bubonic Plague and the Crusades. Secular courts were also set up in Russia, along with a judicial system based off of secular laws. Both Russia and England separated from the Church politically, which is a factor of centralization. Eastern and Western Europe had different political "systems," so to speak. Russia grew into an empire, while England stayed a kingdom. An empire covers a vast amount of land, …show more content…
In England, there were guilds and leagues, while on the contrary, Russia did not. A guild was a medieval association of people of the same occupation that worked together to control wages and prices. A league was a medieval group of people formed to promote and protect trade. Leagues also made sure that people would buy products within the country. To do that, leagues would raise prices on all imported goods, and they established a common measurement and weight system. Guilds and leagues were used to help monitor the economy and keep everything inside England. Russia did not have guilds nor leagues; their economy was based on estates. However, in the same fashion, both Russian and English economies were agrarian. If something is agrarian, it means that it is agriculturally based. The difference between the two economies, however, is that the West was commercial, while the East was communal. Commercial is buying and selling, while communal is for the community. Russia was based on the community, and was therefore self-sufficient. With commercial agriculture, England depended on others to buy their crops, and so they were not self-sufficient. The English use of guilds and leagues and being commercially based while Russia being almost the complete opposite, made each of the economies distinct. The only true resemblance between English and Russian economies was that they were both
Russia had a smaller economy, Russia was technologically limited, Russia was bigger, exerted more power
In Russia, Westernization was nothing new as the late nineteenth century had rolled around, for they had already been immersed in political conflicts of Western Europe by the earlier parts of the century. Russia’s Westernization had even been started by Peter the Great. Being so well adapted to the politics of the West, the conservative Russian nobility had feared revolutions by the liberal West. Russia then had attempted to
What were the social circumstances that gave rise to the Russian Revolution? Explain why the revolutionaries adopted a form of communism grounded in rapid industrialization and central planning? Poverty seems to be the biggest driver for social circumstances leading up to the Russian Revolution. There were few rich and many poor including those that were considered serfs. Serfs were individuals that lived and worked on farms and when the farms were sold, were included in the sale. It is very much like slavery. The revolutionaries adopted communism because they were following the idea of Karl Marx. The revolutionaries saw capitalism as being similar to what they had before the revolution. They felt that communism worked towards the common good as everyone worked together and share what was
In the Middle Ages your social status depended on your rank. The ranks were kings, nobles, knights, and then serfs.(Doc.1) Typically, the serfs did the most for everyone else, they provided food and services when demanded in exchange for protection and maybe something to eat.(Doc.1) Knights provided protection and military service for nobles in exchange for land. (Doc.1)
To Modernization of Russia began when Catherine the Great and Peter the Great came power in the 17th century. Peter The Great had the responsible and Peter the Great had developed a civil service which helped and had
The people saw a time of unification and of increased economic profits. For about 175 years, the Russian Empire experienced a little bit of everything, from Industrialization to revolutions, to social changes, to numerous wars. At the beginning of this time period, the Russians found themselves struggling with some of the most basic things the rest of Europe had--roads. Russia had been lacking the infrastructure to connect its' large territory, and help bridge the gaps between the people in the empire. Not only that, but after all of the famines and other difficulties Russia was having, there was a large migration into urban areas, leaving many places along the countryside to fend for themselves. And the peasants in these areas were often burdened with such heavy taxes, they could not afford to feed their own family, let alone get to a market in an attempt to make a
Russia was very agriculturally based and did not have the sufficient technology to industrialize. States could industrialize when an efficient agricultural system was implemented to provide sufficient food for the factory workers that did not have land to farm. It is the trend seen from the beginning of civilization. Trade specialization can only occur with a surplus of food. Therefore, the first step for Russia, on its way to industrialization, was to become more efficient at farming.
Britain enjoyed the significant economic advantages during the early years of the Industrial Revolution for many reasons. The Industrial Revolution built on earlier developments, but took time to progress. It eventually began to help ordinary people in the West to gain a higher standard life of living. Great Britain had more advantages such as natural resources, political stability and favorable geography. According to the textbook, A History of Western Society, “Britain possessed a unique set of possibilities and constraints, such as abundant coal, high wages, a relatively peaceful and centralized government and well developed financial systems…” (622) and the list goes on. Furthermore, agriculture played an important role in the Industrial Revolution in Britain. “English farmers were second only to the Dutch in
Music is a beautiful piece of art work. It can send messages about politics, it can soothe a broken heart, or it can bring a family closer together. Music is such an important aspect in a household because it could very well be the only thing a family can connect on. The Father and Mother share their taste of music with their kin just as their parents did for them and along with their parents. The music being passed down receives a change along the way. My Father showed me Heavy Metal, Hair Metal, and Rock ‘n’ Roll, whereas my Mother showed me 80s pop, some country, and other various genres. Some of the music passed down from generation to generation may be derived from where our ancestors lived. I have recently found out, through my Mother
During this same time Peter the Great sought to ¡°westernize¡± Russia. An autocratic tsar who had absoluter power, he did not wish to share it with his royal court. He moved the capital to St. Petersburg, and absorbed western intellectual and cultural trends. He forced all his nobles to cut of their beards, and instructed them to learn modern Western dances. Russia historically had an autocratic tsar like Peter, + the nobles have no political clout in the government. However, the nobles in Russia are huge landowners and had enormous powers over the serfs on their estates. This economic power, b/c serfs were almost like slaves, made them wealthy + prosperous. Thus, although Peter the Great rules without the input of anyone else, the nobles were westernized under his rule + enjoyed power over their serfs and economic gains.
Prior to unfolding of the events in the 18th century the interlinkages of increasingly global world, stirred agrarian and rural society's. In particular, the families had begun to produce surplus and buying new commodities, which were hitherto, considered luxuries. This era of industrious revolution laid the foundation for the industrial revolution. The trade in this time to Europe was mainly spices from India, silk and porcelain from China and inspite of silver flowing in from Americas kept the balance in favour of the East. The capital and labour requirements were not intensive and the mercantile activities were primarily housed in the guilds. This essay attempts to understand how the industrial revolution impacted the commerce
On any given day in 1902 a person could walk into a pharmacy and receive a small bottle of heroin to treat their cough. Today we know that this is insane and medicine has come a long way from people giving hard core drugs to their children to treat whooping cough. We have learned that one drug that has been illegal everywhere can be used as a wonderful medical and only medical drug. That drug is marijuana, which has not only changed the way illnesses like epilepsy are being treated; but has also boosted the economy.
So Serfs gave rise to burghers who formed the beginnings of the new bourgeois class. The beginnings of European trade with America and the Far East contributed to the "rapid development" of "the revolutionary element in the tottering feudal society"(56). New markets, which became unable to be supported by the feudal systems' means of production, caused that system to be replaced by the "manufacturing system…. The guild-masters were pushed aside by the manufacturing middle class; division of labor between the different corporate guilds vanished in the face of division of labor in a single workshop." (56)
First of all, the class structure was one of the main causes of the revolution in Russia. In the early 1900s, about “90% of Russia’s population were serfs, peasant-slaves” (youtube doc.). They were owned by less than “7% of Russia’s population, the nobles” (youtube doc.). The nobles treated them like currency, even using them for gambling. These nobles were overprivileged and live in the complete opposite way of how serfs lived, dirt poor, illiterate, and virtually without rights. Meanwhile, less than “2% of the population were clergymen of the Eastern Orthodox church” (youtube doc.). They too lived considerably worse than the nobles. The clergy
It was August 13, 1923 and at 15 years old you can’t blame me for wanting to see my friends. Though my mother had told me specifically not to go ,but me being my teenage self, I didn’t listen. So now I was cleaning the attic as my punishment and that’s when I saw it.