Phys1160 Essay

Throughout the modern era of astronomy, a single type of celestial object has puzzled astronomers more than any other. Black holes, whose existence was only verified in the early 1990’s, have fascinated scientists ever since Einstein first proposed the theoretical concept in the 1930’s. A black hole is an object so tiny, but also so dense, that it has the power to pull planets, stars, and even light into its core, and ultimately destroy everything in its path. Over the past decade much has been discovered about these enigmas of space and time; however, many of these recent discoveries lead to more unanswered questions. Nevertheless, the basic life cycle of a black hole is now understood in ways thought to be impossible only twenty years

6. The Schwarzschild radius is the radius of the event horizon surrounding a non-rotating black hole. 7.Black holes are real. They form when gravity is pulling at such a high amount that not even light is able to get through. Black holes can also form when a star is dying.

Black holes are interesting because of the history of how they are made Fact 1: black holes are formed from a dying star Fact 2 : black holes can be big depending on how big the star was Fact 3: if a black hole meets another black hole it will cancel each other out Body Paragraph:

This paper will introduce you to the incredible topic which is black holes. A black hole is a region of space time exhibiting such strong gravitational effects that nothing can escape from inside it. (NASA) No human has ever entered a black hole and there is still a large mystery about them; we have very little idea of where the matter that enters them goes. A black hole cannot be looked into either, as it sucks all the light into the middle of it. Space programs use special satellites with certain features that allow them to see these black holes. A black hole can be big or small, sometimes forming when a star is dying. Some scientists speculate that there can be black holes just 1 centimeter large. There are multiple types of

​The definition of a black hole according to Sea and Sky is “The collapsed core of a massive star. Stars that are very massive will collapse under their own gravity when their fuel is exhausted. The collapse continues until all matter is crushed out of existence into what is known as a singularity. The gravitational pull is so strong that not even light can escape.” Seasky.org, cited 2016: “Black hole”. Glossary of Astronomy. [Available online at http://www.seasky.org/astronomy/astronomy-glossary.html#B]. Black holes are not visible to the human eye. Since they are so dense, light is not able to escape them resulting in them being invisible. Special tools are required for them to be discovered and located with telescopes. This is done by seeing how stars close to them act different from others.

Mysteries of black holes always unknown as in where they come from. “Black holes form when the center of a massive star collapses in on itself.” When this occurs, it causes a supernova. A supernova is a star that increases greatly in brightness because of a catastrophic explosion that ejects most of its mass. The parts left over from the supernova collapse in onto itself forming a black hole. This well-known black hole is called a stellar mass black hole. “Scientists believe supermassive black holes have formed at

A Black hole is a theorized celestial body whose surface gravity is so strong that

Black holes are a staple in the study of our unknown universe. The current understanding of general relativity allows something like a black hole to exist due to the strange properties surrounding them, as well as the effects on their surroundings. Black holes are defined by Chaisson's Astronomy as "a region of space where the pull of gravity is so great that nothing, not even light can escape" (Chaisson, 2013). This definition is very broad, simply stating the effects of what we call a black hole. Indeed, there is a lot of thoughtful assuming done when discussing this phenomena, however, what if everything we thought we knew about black holes was wrong and black holes didn't actually exists. That is exactly what a small group of scientists and astronomers think is the case.

This is confirmed by the fact that the narrow lines do not vary detectably, which implies that the emitting region is large, contrary to the broad lines which can vary on relatively short timescales. Reverberation mapping is a technique which uses this variability to try to determine the location and morphology of the emitting region. This technique measures the structure and kinematics of the broad line emitting region by observing the changes in the emitted lines as a response to changes in the continuum. The use of reverberation mapping requires the assumption that the continuum originates in a single central source. For 35 AGN, reverberation mapping has been used to calculate the mass of the central black holes and the size of the broad line regions.

These clouds are proof of black holes being almost the reverse of a normal star: instead of creating matter to make energy, they destroy matter to make energy (94, Hawking

The formation of supermassive black holes has been questioned in physics since the day of their discovery. Just how is something so large and powerful formed? Are they a danger to us? What lies beyond the event horizon? These are all questions that have been asked and not yet answered by astrophysicists. The first step to completely understanding these obscure creatures is finding out how they form, today's physicists are working endlessly to find an answer. Previous theories stating that supermassive black holes developed over time by ingesting large quantities of gas, have recently been found to be wrong. The most recent developing theory describes supermassive black holes forming by observing other black holes. There are two versions of

Scientists do not have the ability to directly observe black holes with telescopes that detect x-rays, light, or other forms of electromagnetic radiation. However, Scientists can infer the presence of black holes and study them by detecting their effect on other matter nearby. If a black holes passes through a cloud of interstellar matter, it will draw that matter inward in a process known as accretion. A similar process will occur if a black holes passes a normal star. So, after a black hole is created, it draws in anything in its path adding to the extreme amount of matter that is packed into that very small area.

A black hole is remnant of a former star which has gone past its lifetime. They are one of the/if not the most mysterious phenomena that has ever existed in the universe.

Black holes are celestial bodies so dense and strong that nothing can escape their pull. The idea of black holes is generally referred to the French mathematician, Pierre Simon Laplace. In 1796, Laplace who was studying the subject of escape velocity; this is the speed that something must be accelerated to in order to prevent being pulled back by the gravity of a larger body. For example, to escape the Earth’s gravitational pull we must accelerate our rockets to over 11 kilometers per second. If the rocket travels any slower then it will fall into a victim of earth gravity. If it travels any faster it will never return. When Laplace worked on this problem he noticed a relationship between the size of the object and its mass. Laplace noticed

Another method in physics on how to time travel is through black holes. A black hole has been discovered by Einstein's theory of general relativity, which showed that when a star dies, it leaves behind a small, dense remnant core. If the core’s mass is more than the sun, the force of gravity overwhelms all other forces in which it transforms into a black hole. Scientists have said that black holes can destroy anything that goes in it and it could be hard to get out of a black hole, once something went in it. In an interview by physicist Lior Burko, he states, “One possibility is that black holes may allow us to travel to very remote places in the universe, or another universe entirely,” (Kahney, “Black Holes and Space Time”). Black holes may have evidence that there are different kinds of parallel universe. Even though it is still unclear what black holes can do as in destroying everything that it goes in or if it leads someone to time travel into another parallel universe. Scientist are trying to create a black hole, here on earth, to see what blacks can do as in sending information to another universe.