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Periodic Table Lab Report

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In 1869, the Russian chemist Dmitry Mendeleyev organized the elements in a table according to their atomic weights. Dmitry Mendeleyev organized the elements based off their physical and chemical properties. In the experiment, the similarities and differences in the properties of the representative elements in Group I, II, III, AND IV is observed. The trend in the acidity or the basicity of the elements in the third period of the periodic table are observed using H2O and HCl. The purpose of the lab is to explore the reactivity trends of metals, halogens and third party elements in groups and periods of the periodic table.
i. The Behavior of the Metals of Groups I, II, AND III
Introduction
In this experiment Na, K, Mg, Ca and Al metals from …show more content…

When the few drops of phenolphthalein was added to the Na and H2O the solution begins to fizz and changed to a light pink color. Gas bubbles began forming and the fizzing became …show more content…

There was no reaction between the Al and the H2O. The no change in color to the addition of phenolphthalein indicates that the solution became an acid. Calcium metal dissolves readily in dilute or concentrated hydrochloric acid to form solutions containing the aquated Ca(II) ion together with hydrogen gas, H2. The equation for the reaction is the following:
Ca(s) + 2HCl(aq) Ca2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) + H2(g) Magnesium metal dissolves readily in dilute hydrochloric acid to form solutions containing the aquated Mg(II) ion together with hydrogen gas, H2. Corresponding reactions with other acids such as hydrochloric acid also give the aquated Mg(II) ion. The equation for the reaction is the following:
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) Mg2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) + H2(g) Aluminum metal dissolves readily in dilute hydrochloric acid to form solutions containing the aquated Al(III) ion together with hydrogen gas, H2. The corresponding reactions with dilute hydrochloric acid also give the aquated Al(III) ion. The equation for the reaction is the following:
2Al(s) + 6HCl(aq) 2Al3+(aq) + 6Cl-(aq) +

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