Parkinson's Disease Tomography Summary

I was so nervous to go into a convince store to buy a coke or a water or some food while tripping on acid. But I didn’t have any other choice after I ran out of food in my pockets and water in my bottles – so I eventually convinced myself that I wasn’t that high, and Adam and I stopped at a convince store to buy what we needed. I kept my sunglasses on and the kind old man behind the counter looked like he knew what was up, but I was so thrashed and my mind was swirling around like blender blades, so I wasn’t entirely sure. All was well though, as I handed the man behind the counter cash, got back my change, grabbed my granola bar and can of coke, and started to be on my way. Then, as I turned to exit the store,

The yearning for power and an authoritative position in the society fueled the Salem Witch Trials and the Stanford Prison Experiment. The power allowed the people involved to exert control over others, forcing them to a lower level, and gave way to attention, fear, and respect, in some cases. In The Crucible, Abigail and the other girls use their hunger for power to control the people around them along with their desire to survive, including those who, at first, did not trust in the make-believe stories of the Devil’s presence in the town of Salem. The guards of the Stanford prison were power-hungry as well, as they relied on violence, instigation of fear, and the desire to be respected by the prisoners, to maintain their control inside the prison. At the start of the experiment, the guards were slightly more hesitant towards using harmful techniques.

Kirbas et al. (2013) used SD-OCT images to analyze RNFL thickness in untreated AD patients without visual impairment, and compared the results with healthy controls. In addition, patients were also administered a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) which served to ensure that the patients were in an early stage of AD. In this study all of the optic nerve quadrants were analyzed, but the only significant results were those for the superior quadrant (76 ± 6.7 mm vs 105 ± 4.8 mm; P = 0.001), as well as the overall average RNFL thickness (65 ± 6.2 mm vs 75 ± 3.8 mm; P = 0.001). Furthermore, there was no correlation between MMSE scores and OCT measurements. In brief, there was a noticeable decrease in the total RNFL thickness of AD patients

How does the progression of optic nerve and RGC damage translate to the clinical symptoms of glaucoma? In a study published by Harwerth and Quigley in 2006, the structure-function relationships of human glaucoma and experimental glaucoma in monkeys are compared, in order to discern a possible correlation between the progressive loss of visual field experienced by glaucoma patients and the gradual neural losses. Previous studies had suggested a large amount of variance between the well-defined relationship of experimental glaucoma and the slightly different system of clinical glaucoma, but the discrepancies could have equally resulted from different methods of data analysis, which would affect the precision of the results. The study compared

Macular Degeneration is a disease that affects the retina of the eye. The retina is a layer in the back of the eye that helps us to see. It is also the lining of the eye that helps us respond to light. However, when having macular degeneration there are major changes in a person's central vision. The disease causes central images to appear blurred and then dark spots may begin to appear that get larger and larger. It may also be very hard to see straight lines as Macular Degeneration may cause them to be curved. When having this disease color may appear to be darker and less vivid than normal.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a clinical condition in which there is a progressive decrease in central vision. There are two forms of macular degeneration, dry/nonexudative and wet/exudative, and these differ in fundal findings and treatment options. Dry macular degeneration is due to accumulation of drusen between the retinal pigment epithelium and Bruch’s membrane and eventually progresses to geographic atrophy. Geographic atrophy refers to loss of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors. Wet macular degeneration, comprising up to 80% of cases of macular degeneration, is due to neovascularization forming choroidal neovascular membranes, which are unstable vessels leading to an array of complications including

New and evolving diagnostic tests are always exciting. Especially if these tests could possibly lead us to a cure for those diseases that currently have only treatment, but no cures. Parkinson 's is a progressively degenerative disease, which affects millions of people every year. Patients suffering from Parkinson 's incur high costs from drug therapy, fall-related injuries, and hospitalizations. By diagnosing this disease earlier, treatment can be started earlier and hopefully the symptoms can be delayed and less severe for a longer period of time giving the patient a better quality of life. However, with any new test we must use statistical measures to determine if these tests are truly making a difference.

Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in people over the age of 50. Every ten years after the age of 50 the prevalence of this disease increases exponentially. Many different factors contribute to the development of AMD including genetic, environment, and metabolic functions. Aside from smoking, abnormal blood pressure, and an unhealthy diet low in fruits and vegetables, many more studies are concluding that similar inflammatory and oxidative processes seen in other age related diseases are also playing a key role in the development of AMD. This disease affects the central areas of the retina and choroid. In return central vision is impaired while peripheral vision is usually not lost. AMD is seen in two different forms, the earlier nonneovascular (dry) type and the more advanced neovascular (wet) type. Each form has its own specific pathology and unique characteristics that set them apart. Fatty, protein deposits called drusens may be the key risk factor in understanding dry AMD pathology, progression, and treatment. Once the more advanced wet AMD is diagnosed, pathology and treatment are targeted around the formation and destruction of abnormal blood vessels, characteristic of the wet AMD eye. The increasing prevalence of AMD has influenced more investigation into what factors can be modulated to prevent the onset or to stop the progression of AMD. This text will discuss the pathology of drusens and the role of inflammation and

Parkinson disease (PD) is one of the most common neurologic disorders. and it affects approximately 1% of individuals older than 60 years old. Parkinson’s disease is a condition that progresses slowly by treatment. In addition, loss of pigmented dopaminergic neurons of the substantianigra pars compacta and the presence of Lewy bodies and Lewyneurites are the two major neuropathologic findings in Parkinson disease (Hauser, 2016).

         It has been 20 years since Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) was first introduced for the diagnosis and treatment of eye disease. I became infatuated with OCT while serving as a center director at a co-management

Parkinson’s disease, Multiple System Atrophy, and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy are all neurodegenerative diseases in which systems are very much alike. The symptoms are so closely related to one another that in the beginning stages, it is rather difficult to distinguish them apart from the other. A patient having the symptoms of any of these diseases must undergo a series of imaging testing, including Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). If Parkinson’s disease is visible, the Magnetic Resonance Imaging allows physician’s to identify the disease in order to determine a prognosis. . These images additionally identify and highlights spots of the white matter located in the brain to determine the disease, often times the cortex will be somewhat

Optical coherence tomography provides high-resolution imaging of the vitreoretinal interface, neurosensory retina, and subretinal space. Optical coherence tomography can be used to quantify retinal thickness, monitor macular edema, identify vitreomacular traction, and detect other forms of macular disease in patients with diabetic macular edema. 105,106 OCT helps in early diagnosis of macular oedema as it is more sensitive than clinically examination, in deciding the treatment options for DME and also

“Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) specifically affects the macular region of the central retina, where both ganglion cells and cones are present at very high densities.” (Penfold & Provis, 2005). In this paper, the origins and effects of macular degeneration, both Age-related (usually expressed in adults over 50) and Juvenile (occurring in the teens and early 20’s) are analyzed and discussed. I hate my life.

Nobles, Priests, Peasants, and scholars few of many descriptions given to people living in the Middle Ages. The Middle Ages, was a time in European history when people were separated by jobs, religious beliefs, and money. During the Middle Ages a class system began to develop and out of that rose the middle class. Middle class is the social group between the upper and working classes, including professional and business workers and their families. In literature many writers have been able to depict economic and social changes through poems, novels, and short stories. Geoffrey Chaucer’s poem, The Canterbury Tales, depicts the rising middle class in the midst of the Middle Ages through the use of characters, their actions, and language.

Digital image analysis of eye fundus images has several benefits than current observer based techniques. The characteristic symptoms of different systemic diseases like hypertension, glaucoma, diabetes and cardiovascular disorder etc. affects retinal vessels. Diseases like diabetes show abnormalities and diameter changes in retinal blood vessels. In hypertension retinal blood vessels show dilatation and elongation of main arteries and veins.