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In 1947 the UN voted on the partition of Palestine. This granted a Jewish state of Israel and a separate state of Palestine. Zionists were mostly happy with this partition because it created a newly founded Jewish state. However, many Palestinians were opposed to this partition because it stripped them of land they believed was rightfully theirs. In response, Palestine waged war against Israel in 1948. During this war many Arab civilians were displaced from their cities and became refugees in neighboring countries. There are two major schools of thought regarding the interpretation of the problem and events that took place. Zionist Historians are a group of historians who interpret and explain these events in a pro Israel way ugh hats
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Many Zionist Historians assert that the refugee problem is directly created by the war waged by the Palestinians. Therefore, some will allot all of the responsibility of the problem to the Palestinians. They argue in war there are almost always refugees. Zionists compute the only reason there are less Jewish, Israeli refugees is that the Arab Legion was more aggressive in their killing leaving no living that would seek refuge. Some New Historians such as Benny Morris, maintain that due to the geographical mixing of populations in this small area, a civil war would almost inevitably cause a refugee problem. However New Historians push back on the Zionist argument claiming that many more killings happened of Israelis than of Palestinians. They profess that killings and atrocities happened from both parties. Concl …show more content…
They explain that Arab leaders strongly advised civilians to flee from possible danger in hopes of coming back when they won the war. Zionists also allege that Arab leaders would make large announcements over radio and spread rumors of atrocities and war crime that Zionists claim were untrue. Zionists explain that the Palestinian leaders only made those announcements to convince other Arab armies to come assist them. New Historians, on the other hand, do not consider the cases and word of atrocities to be fraudulent. Instead they accuse Israeli forces of purposeful, large scale intimidation, through radio announcements and physical methods. Contrary to Zionist Historians, Morris states that except for few specific cases of announcement from Arab Leaders, they did not have a considerable role in expelling Palestinians. Pappe goes as far to say that it illogical that Arab leaders would advise citizens to leave. concl.
Between 1920 and 1939 Jewish population in Palestine increased by over 320.000 people. In fact in 1938 Jewish population was under 30% of the total population of Palestine. New Jewish population focused on buying lands and areas from the non-Palestinian Arab landowners, which made the Palestinian farmers leave areas were they grow up, worked and lived. By controlling land and labor British government hoped to establish more secure society inside Palestine, all this made tightened situation between new Jewish people and old Palestinians in 20th and 30th of the 20th century. Also all this made old Palestinians to raise up against British government as nation in 1936. Unfortunately they didn’t get results what they wanted, with help of Jewish militaries British government brutally suppressed the Palestinian revolution. To not experience it again British government issued paper that eliminated Jewish immigration in Palestine and called for establishment of joint Arab and Jewish Palestine within ten years. As result it made things worse, because Palestinians didn’t wanted to wait ten years for their own state and Zionists were angry about limiting immigration of new Jewish people at time when Jews need to leave
Ever since Zionists (an extremist part of the Jewish population) immigrated to Palestine In the late 1800s, violence has plagued the region. The sheer numbers of Zionists moving in to Palestine scared the Arab population already living there, and fighting began. In an attempt to stop the violence spreading through Palestine, the United Nations stepped in and divided the nation into two separate states, one for the Jewish residents, and one for the Arab population. The dividing of the nations made the Arab people feel cheated, due to a larger amount of land being given to the Jewish people, even though there were less of them. Britain, which had been in control of the nation, quickly withdrew after the separation.
Within the span of a few years, the political, social, and cultural climate in Palestine was whiplashed from being under the control of the Ottoman Empire, to colonization and state building by Jewish immigrants from the diaspora, to British rule through mandate, and finally the establishment of the Israeli state. The rhetoric that was used in both Zionist and Arab Palestinian propaganda created a situation that was very complex under the surface, and needs to be approached with delicate care. Taking this into consideration, as historians it is important to remain as objective as possible when reading documents from both the Jewish and Arab side because they both will show a view of the conflict that will benefit them most. As situations change, so will these views and the tone of newspapers and consumerism will change along with it.
For days, months, years, even decades, the conflict between Israel and Palestine has raged, leaving thousands of dead in its wake. The Jewish people once lived in the land now known as either Israel or Palestine. They were forced out in 70 A.D. in what is now known as the Jewish Diaspora after attempting a revolt against the Romans that, in hindsight, was probably not a good idea.
His article argues that the Israelis won the Arab- Israeli War of 1948 and therefore were able to shape its history through their lens, but their version of the conflict is flawed and the information now available undermines what they claimed to be true. He stated that the Zionist version of the truth is just propaganda, spread in a way to make them look like innocent bystanders and the victims and the Arabs as the
Similar to the Native Americans, Palestinian people are experiencing comparable events happening to them. Just as the European have ‘explored’ the land of the Natives, Zionists are ‘exploring’ the land of the Palestinians. The Europeans exterminate the Natives and separate them from their families. The action of stealing the life of a man who belongs to a family in my opinion is one of the worst things that can be done. Many Palestinians including myself has experienced this and have not overcome it.
The rise of Zionism and Arab Nationalism in the nineteenth century triggered major political tensions in the region of Palestine. The conflict among the Zionists and Arab Nationalists is primarily due to the politics of territory and is essentially not comprised of religious opposition. In fact, before the advent of Zionism and Arab Nationalism, Jews and Palestinians shared a local identity due to mutual tolerances. This identity, which took precedence over religion, created a vivacious community with its own unique set of traditions and customs shared among the Jews, Muslims and Christians. However, following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, the Zionists whom were seeking a safe haven from Jewish prejudices in mainly Eastern Europe, proclaimed their return to Palestine. Zionists sought the territory of Palestine as the ‘official land of the Jews’ because of their ancient homeland ties. Furthermore, as Zionism progressed, Arabs Nationalists were threatened by the ideology and the vast Jewish immigration to Palestine. In the Arab point of view, Zionism emerged as a European movement, which appeared to be another attempt by Western imperialism to subordinate Muslims to Europeans. Although Arab Nationalism and Zionism were similar in nature, these two identities were destined to clash primarily due to their irreconcilable nationalistic aspirations and cultural characteristics.
Tensions between the Arabs and Zionists started after the 1800’s when the immigration of the European Jews to Palestine was on the increase. The population of Palestine from 1882-1883 was 468,000 and the population consisted of 408 Muslims, 44,000 Christians and 15,000 Jews. During this time Palestine was under the Ottoman Empire.
Israel successfully fought off the pan-Arab army while other Israeli combatants terrorized and depopulated the countryside. Ilan Pappe termed the depopulation of Palestinians as “ethnic cleansing” but can this phrase be properly used when discussing the events of 1947-1948? To answer this question one must determine if there is a well-established definition of the phrase ‘ethnic cleansing’ and also establish that this was the intent of the Zionists, both initially and subsequently. This can be determined by examining Zionist policy and action previous to the U.N partition plan and after, which will demonstrate that the term is appropriately applied to the situation by Pappe.
Before anyone can comprehend the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, one must understand the theory of Zionism. Theodor Herzl was the first Jew to have the idea of creating Israel. He was a witness of the Dreyfus affair, in which a Jewish officer was accused of treason, solely because he was Jewish. Herzl also witnessed mobs of people shouting “Death to the Jews”. This was the last straw for Herzl. Herzl decided that there needed to be a change so he made it one of his life goals to create a successful movement in which Jews founded a Jewish state. One of his main arguments was that discrimination against Jews could be eliminated if they had their own Jewish State, and so modern Zionism was formed. The idea of modern Zionism is so pertinent to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict because much of the reason for Israel becoming a Jewish state is behind the fact that Jews were perpetrated throughout the years before Zionism even came into play of the situation.
Any reference to conflict turns history into a reservoir of blame. In the presence of conflict, narratives differ and multiply to delegitimize the opponent and to justify one’s own action. Narratives shape social knowledge. The Israeli Palestinian conflict, both Jews and Muslims, view the importance of holding the territories through religious, ideological, and security lenses, based on belief that Palestine was given by divine providence and that the land belongs to either the Israelis or Palestinian’s ancestral home. Understanding these perspectives is required for understanding Palestinians’ and especially Israel’s strategy and role in entering the Oslo peace process. Despite
During World War I (WWI), in the year of 1914, Palestine was under the control of the Ottoman Empire. In 1914, the Arabs started to fight for the Allies which consisted of France, Great Britain, and the United States. After the Allies won the war, the Arabs were under the impression that they were going to have their own self government in which they weren't. In 1919, the British mandate was issued which gave Britain complete control over Palestine. This angered Arabs. This caused a number of riots which contributed to many deaths of Jews and Arabs. During the 1930’s, the amount of Jews in Palestine increased drastically due to the amount of Nazis groups which were lead by Adolf Hitler. Do to the shodden picek in jews in 1936 Arabs started
The conflict between Israel and Palestine is just one of the many facets that have shaped modern day politics in the Middle East. It is a conflict rooted in generations of violence, discrimination and prejudice that is complicated by a history older than any of the modern day superpowers. Ever since the creation of the state of Israel by the 1947 UN partition of Palestine
For ages the Jewish population did not have a place to call home. They had been wandering around deserts, were once slaves in Egypt, but didn’t have any land to their name. Following the Holocaust, after many Jews had been persecuted by Hitler and the Nazis, a good portion of the overall amount of Jews in the world let alone Europe had been exterminated. As a result, Harry Truman and the UN suggested Israel, a homeland for the Jews. Tensions had been growing throughout the beginning of the 20th Century regarding the Palestinian area in the Middle East. This area was off to the side of Asia, near Africa. When the Jews and Arabs were offered part of this land, war broke out and still continues today. Even though a war happened as a result
Post WWII, Jew’s wished for land separate from European Anti-Semitic beliefs. The Holocaust had further pushed Zionists agenda to take Palestine due to their historical and religious background within the land. Thus, a significant amount of Jews from Europe and America called for a separate Jewish state. During this time, Britain had a mandate over Palestine and were authorized to rule the land. However, given that the dispute was becoming increasingly controversial, the British withdrew from the conflict and gave authority of the land to the UN. Then the UN had formed the UNSCOP, United Nation Special Committee on Palestine. Their objective was to separate Jewish and Arab land. There the UN authorized the Israeli state and caused the displacement of thousands of Palestinians. They had forced the Palestinians to flee their villages in order to place arriving Jewish settlers. Various tactics were used to remove Palestinians from the land. For instance. Israelis used arab radio broadcasts to inhibit fear within the arab community. Such