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Neanderthal Cultures

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Some surprising discoveries reveal aesthetics and abstract thought in Neanderthal cultures that predate the arrival of H. sapiens. These finds include the engraving and signs of feather use from Gorham's Cave. In fact, artifacts of this nature have been discovered at archaeological sites across Europe. At the Grotta di Fumane in Italy's Veneto region, archaeologists found evidence of feather use and the fossil of a snail shell which had been collected from at least 100 kilometers away that had been stained red, suspended on a string and worn as a pendant at least 47,600 years ago. The sites of Cueva de los Aviones and Cueva Antón in southeastern Spain have also yielded seashells bearing traces of pigment. Some seem to have served as cups for

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