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Misogynist Stereotypes

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Western literature is historically and inherently rooted in a masculine bias largely as a part of the past millennium of patriarchal order. Amongst the abundance of works of which can be attributed to reflect this bias, Charles Dickens’ A Tale of Two Cities is most suiting. Written in the Victorian Age, Dickens’ A Tale of Two Cities seems historical, as to the plot revolves around the French Revolution, with its bloody guillotine blade, the poor, starving bourgeoisie, and the indifferent aristocrats of whom inevitably fall. Yet, from a critical perspective, Dickens’ seems to be critiquing society. Throughout the work, he encompasses the idea that as long as violence and inequality exist, human suffering will notoriously subsidize as a contemporary …show more content…

A Tale of Two Cities contains a large amount of misogynist text. Dickens’ uses the phrase “mankind” abundantly, such as that in Book Two, Chapter Seven, “…much prostrated before by mankind…” (111). Taken into consideration, in the process of using the term “mankind” Dickens’ is excluding women and all other populations and forms of being. This creates a process of homogenization and “otherness”, a large part of patriarchal subordination. Thus, Dickens’ supports ideologies of patriarchy that oppress and devalue others. Furthermore, Dickens’ use of Cruncher as a “resurrection man” and “tradesman” brings further reasoning to the aforementioned claims. Jerry Cruncher has a nighttime hobby of robbing graves and selling the dead corpses he “resurrects” to science. On a particular occurrence, Young Jerry witnesses this and questions his dad as to what exactly a “resurrection man” is. In this discussion, Cruncher acknowledges to himself, “Jerry, you honest tradesman, there’s hope with that boy will yet be a blessing to you, and a recompense to you for his mother” (166). Taking a feminist perspective, one can approach this text in two manners. The first and foremost is Dickens’ use of the term “tradesman”. In using the term, he is essentially excluding women from such occupations, thus further endorsing the idea that …show more content…

More importantly, Lucie is the “golden thread” that enlightens those around her, specifically her father. For this, Dickens’ provides a series of resurrections, such as that of Dr. Manette, of which express Lucie’s abilities. Furthermore, Lucie’s femininity is what allows her to “resurrect” her father and influence those around her. She is nurturing, caring, tender, and kind. With such masculine stereotypical and Victorian archetypal depictions, Dickens’ frames women through a patriarchal lens. Lucie Manette is submissive and passive, of which is expected of an ideal woman from a patriarchal lens. Dickens’ favors the femininity of Lucie, which entrenches the belief that all populations of women are nurturing, caring, tender, and kind, in other words, an “angel. In doing so, he supports the ideologies of patriarchy and the contention that women’s sole purpose is to provide life, thus women become a tool for men of which masculinity can exploit. One might object here that Dickens actually indicts the patriarchal system by including a women character, Madame Defarge, of whom strays from the archetypal female. However, Dickens’ favors Lucie Manette over Madame Defarge, as she fits the portrayal of a “good woman” of whom remains concerned only with domestic issues, not political conflicts. The fact that Lucie is great at “homemaking” further supports the claim that Dickens’ text is patriarchal. Also,

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