MIH: A Genetic Disorder

The patient presented with intrinsic discoloration on all permanent maxillary and mandibular teeth. Because the discoloration was located on the all the surfaces of the teeth, there was no radiographic appearance

My ambition to study for a degree in Dental Hygiene and Dental Therapy has developed out of several years’ experience of working as a dental nurse in support of professional dental technicians and a growing interest in the science involved in dentistry. I am very much aware of the importance of the hygienist’s role in maintaining the patient’s dental health, and indeed ultimately helping to secure general health through careful attention to oral conditions. My work as a nurse has made me realise the importance of a full understanding of the physiology of the mouth and gums and of the whole body. I have been struck by how common periodontal diseases are in patients who come for dental treatment and have an immense faith in the value of preventive

I decided to use oraqix because the patient had a few pockets depths between 6-7 mm, and was very sensitive during the power instrumentation. It helped me to effectively remove the plaque and the calculus from the pockets with the hand instruments, but I found that it was not as effective when I used the Cavitron. After the removal of plaque and calculus I reviewed OHI with my patient Evelyn and reinforced the proper use of dental floss and have the patient practice in her mouth. During the afternoon section, I worked on the mandibular arch and as before I started with the power instrumentation. However, I was not able to use it in all the mandibular teeth because some of them had recession, and the patient was extra-sensitive. The good thing was the mandibular arch had only one area with 6-7 mm of pocket depth. I also used Oraqix in this area, but did not help with the recession because the pain was related to the pulp and not to the gingiva, in where Oraqix works. After finishing with debridement, my patient expressed having pain on the distal surface of tooth # 17. We decided to take a PA of the area because that part of the tooth was not visible in the HBW I

There are teeth with questionable or suspicious occlusal surfaces, in which we can notice that there have been changes from the clear sound fissures even without loss of surface and it is dubious to decide whether or not it should be treated as it could be an incipient but not cavitated fissure. A stained fissure means a fissure that is discoloured, brown or black, even an area of white or opaque enamel where its normal translucidency is lost but it has no evidence of surface breakdown (cavitation). Discoloured fissures does not necessary indicate an active caries process and they may represent sounds surfaces (where the discolouration descends from organic material trapped in the fissure) or non-cavitated caries lesions (where the demineralised enamel has been stained and possibly arrested).

Enamel Matrix Proteins in the Treatment of Intrabony Defects in Patients With Aggressive and Chronic

At the initial visit the patient’s plaque index was 43% and the plaque score was 55%. The most amount of plaque was present in the posterior regions in both the maxillary and mandibular quadrants. The anterior teeth suffered from a fair amount of attrition. Plaque was being retained in the grooves and pits of the damaged teeth. The patient also had slight interproximal plaque. Number 18 was chipped measially and was missing half of the large amalgam restoration. It had the most biofilm build up covering almost every aspect of the tooth, including the inside portion, which was exposed to oral cavity. When asked why she felt this was a problem area for her she responded that food constantly gets trapped inside and it’s painful, it hurts to brush. A large interproximal lesion on number 8 adjacent to porcelain fused to metal crown retained a considerable amount of biofilm also. The large and old amalgam restorations posteriorly were wearing away at the margins creating grooves and fissures on the occlusal surfaces also retaining plaque. I asked her if she felt like her diet or habits may be contributing to any oral pain or problems she is having. She answered honestly by saying she knows she harming not only her teeth but also her body. She wants to eat better and quit smoking, but she still gets pleasure when indulging and just isn’t ready to give up things she loves yet. She did agree to try and change some of her oral hygiene

Reversal of the normal relationship of upper teeth, which only interfere normal function to a minor degree (less than 2mm).

Terri Fava is a 46 yrs. Old woman, married with three kids. She is in good health, she has been diagnosis with high blood pressure and GERD. Terri high blood pressure is controlled by medication. Dental history is on good standards, but teeth are sensitive to hot and cold. Terri plaque score started at 75% and decrease to 25% during her visit with the clinic. What was noted during Terri’s appointment heavy tenacious calculus and root exposure. Her interdental papilla slightly inflamed. Terri has a habit of coffee drinking with creamer and sugar, along with having sweet tea and Pepsi. Her caries risk assessment indicated that Terri range from low to moderate. Terri is a good candidate for nutritional counseling because her oral mucosa has

K00- Tooth deformity and abnormality due to hereditary or eruptive problems (0 record in sample)

Another study discussed socioeconomic inequalities and the link between hypertension and missing teeth in the edentulous patient. The article states that due to the low quality of dental care available, an increase in missing teeth caused by periodontal disease and poor food choices is inevitable. Chronic oral infections caused by periodontal disease and inflammatory markers may lead to the onset of hypertension and stroke, however a connection could not be established. *

Ischaemic heart disease is one of the most commonly encountered systemic diseases in dental practice in the general population. Ischemic heart disease is characterized by a reduction (partial or total) in coronary blood flow. In 90% of all cases this occurs following thrombus formation secondary to an atheroma plaque that occludes the arterial lumen, though other factors such as cold, physical exercise or stress can act as co adjuvant factors or (less frequently) trigger the event themselves. Angina and myocardial infarction are included in ischaemic heart disease2.

Congenitally missing teeth is one of the most common dental developmental anomaly in human beings. It was described in many terms according to the number of missing teeth or due to the etiology. These terms include: Hypodontia, oligodontia, anodontia, agenesis of teeth. The term hypodontia is the most common used , even so it does not describe the cause of the missing teeth so it is preferable to point to congenitally missing teeth or agenesis of teeth as it clearly shows that it is developmentally (1).

However, such a relationship need to consider that only part (if any) of the observed effect may be due to ageing related processes, with the remainder of the effect being due to period effect 79. The data were collected from the routine dental examinations conducted by uncalibrated dentists and dental therapists working within the school dental service of each State and Territory of Australia. Where the methodology followed that of WHO recommendation in which dmft and DMFT indices are used, dmft is the sum of deciduous teeth that are decayed, missing due to caries, or filled due to caries. The DMFT measure is the corresponding index for permanent teeth. In order to consider the tooth decayed the caries lesion need be detected at the dentinal level 80. The deciduous carious experience dmft at age 5 years was a mean of 1.80. There was a slight increase across age groups until the peak at 8 years (dmf~2.21) that can be attributed to the exfoliation of deciduous molars due to caries. While the permanent caries experiences at age 5 was barely noticeable. The mean DMFT increased across age groups to a mean of 1.10 by the age of 12 years which can be illustrated better in figure 6 79.

Certain conditions, such as improper oral hygiene, smoking, and using your teeth as tools to open bottles or bite fingernails, can affect your

The oral examinations were performed at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. At the baseline examination, personal information of the subjects was recorded in a specially prepared pro-forma. The children were examined on a chair by the investigator under natural light using mouth mirror and explorer/probe. Reducion in PlI score was considered as the primary outcome and difference in GI scores between four groups was the secondary outcome. At each intraoral examination, presence of plaque and gingivitis was determined using the criteria suggested by Loe H.17 PlI and GI scores were recorded on all surfaces (mesial, distal, buccal, palatal/lingual) of all the teeth. The scores from the four areas of the tooth were added and divided by four to give the PlI/GI for the tooth. PlI and GI for the individual is obtained by adding the indices for the teeth and dividing by the number of teeth examined.