Language And Politics Of Timor Leste Curriculum : Mother Tongue Based Multilingual Education Essay

After the World War I, many American thought the involvement in war was a mistake as only the international bankers and arms exporters gained handsome profits while ordinary people hardly gain anything from it. When the threats aroused form Nazi Germany and Japan, majority Americans felt the threats were too distant and wished Hitler could counterweight the growing influence of Soviet Union. Influential businessmen, such as Henry Ford, also tried to maintain their overseas markets by avoiding war. Americans preferred isolationism and didn’t want to involve in another war (Forner 855). Hence, the congress passed series of Neutrality Acts to ban the travel of belligerent’s ships and the sale of arms to countries at war. When British faced with

In 2003 census, Canada citizens comprise of 4.4% Aboriginal population, 18% foreign-born citizens and almost 80% immigrants. In this amount of immigrants,60% Asians and 20% Caribbean,Central or South American and Diversity East-West Center,University of Hawaii Africa.This census can show us the most diverse population in Canada. My experiences more than 3 years in there reaffirmed my favor and contentment with this diverse society. Everybody respects each others. There are many competitions in civil administrations, public services, employment opportunities, education and innovations.Students in primary school, secondary school and high school are encouraged to learn at least two languages. They can choose any language that they like. It is the compulsory choice in learning second language. The slogan they use about learning languages is “more languages Canadian children can use, more tolerant, compassionate and intellectual benefit they deserve”.Nowadays, every school is trying to promote and bring more languages into school curriculum. Language is the important tool for culture and diversity. Through language, people can become the creative members of diversity; and this emerging diversity brings peace, harmony and prosperity to the community. Importantly, Canadians understand well about their obligation to abide by the state of

The Bill of Rights, the first ten amendments to the Constitution, were important for a number of reasons. The first being that all the individual states had some form of a citizens’ rights declaration thus there was a general consensus that the new Constitution should contain one as well (Foner, 2014, p. 267). In fact, the Constitution was ratified by many states under the assumption that the Bill of Rights would soon emerge from the newly developed Congress (Van Cleave). The Bill of Rights are, essentially, a series of clarifications of the “unalienable rights” mentioned in the Declaration of Independence (Foner, 2014, p. 267). The Constitution erected the structure and inner workings of the government, whereas the Bill of Rights elucidated

Not all people who speak the English language speak it the same way. It is very uncommon to find two people that speak the exact same English because there are so many different forms of the language. This is the argument that Amy Tan makes in her story, “Mother Tongue”. Tan uses pathos to portray to her audience how through her experiences with her mother and the Chinese language she came to realize who she wanted to be and how she wanted to write.

English is a just a language not a measure of intelligence. This statement is easy to comprehend but hard to practice. A majority of people are tempted to believe that English is a measure of intelligence and, in particular, an individual's ability to exercise brain power. As a matter of fact, the best that English – as a language – can be used to measure is relevant grammatical knowledge and skill level but not intelligence. According to Ghirlanda et al. (2014), intelligence refers to an individual's ability to not only grasp concepts but also build ideas on them. Knowledge, on the other hand, refers to the facts, information, and skills acquired by an individual through information (Polanyi, 2015). This proves (beyond the reasonable

Before we begin, it is very important to understand the difference between an official language and a standard language. An official languages is one that is adopted by the government for document and business purposes, this would be most native people’s second language; one that the government sees as advantageous and necessary. Most of the time a standard language could also be referred to as the native language; a common language that the high majority of citizens use to converse outside of the government. Currently there is a major push to be bilingual, to the point where countries are adding or changing the official language(s). Countries that were presented and are using English because of government ordained laws are Kenya, Zambia, The Bahamas, Jamaica, New Zealand, Ireland; an extremely minimalistic representation the total amount of countries with English as an official language. Almost every other country, especially China and India, have their students studying English. It is advantageous for further education, business, and

Language has different meanings and is used to describe something physically presented in the world. It is distinguished among terms such as oral language, written language, and language itself. Oral language is the primary form of language and written language comes second. An individual’s social class can influence the way language is written and spoken. Language is ideological, where an individual’s view of the world can be changed. Multi-literacies can influence the way texts are viewed and the child's access to it can shape their journey with language. Educators guidance on their students can affect the child's skills and learning of language. Language has its many purposes and forms in which are influenced by culture and religions.

Nathaniel Hawthorne believes that only good and virtuous people are able to forgive. Roger Chillingworth is portrayed as a stereotypical villain because he is sinister, unrelenting, and unforgiving. Hawthorne shows that evil beings, such as Chillingsworth, are unable to forgive and instead dedicate their lives to punishing the sinner for their mistake. Chillingsworth displays his unforgiving nature when he “devot[ed] himself, for seven years” (Hawthorne 187) to the severe torturing of Dimmesdale, a hidden adulterer. Further, Chillingworth has an evil soul furthering his development as a villain. Chillingsworth will punish his prey forever and never forgive his enemy and will make him suffer like no “mortal [has] suffer[ed]” (Hawthorne 189).

Amy Tan’s ,“Mother Tongue” and Maxine Kingston’s essay, “No Name Woman” represent a balance in cultures when obtaining an identity in American culture.  As first generation Chinese-Americans both Tan and Kingston faced many obstacles. Obstacles in language and appearance while balancing two cultures. Overcoming these obstacles that were faced and preserving heritage both women gained an identity as a successful American.

In Mother Tongue, I agree with Amy Tan’s claim that people value how you speak more than what you are speaking. Tan explained how her mother spoke poor English and this lead to others treating her mother as inferior. This belief has come to fruition in my experiences as well; I recall a time when I was waiting in line to check out at ShopRite, I noticed how the cashier gave the lady in front of me attitude as the lady bought her groceries. When I checked out however, the cashier was pleasant. Subsequent to reading Tan’s passage, it hit me that the cashier's negative demeanor was probably due to the fact that the customer in front of me spoke broken English with a foreign accent. The lady was attempting to learn a second language

With all the students having a difficulty in coping with their lessons, Mother tongue-based multilingual education may be helpful or not in solving this problem.

There are many bilingual and multicultural people in the world today. For many, the choices of which language they use, and how they use it, correspond to what social or cultural community they belong to. Amy Tan, a Chinese American novelist, portrays this well in her short essay "Mother Tongue." Tan grew up in two vastly different worlds, using different "Englishes." The first world, which consists of her close family, she speaks what we may call "broken" or "limited" English. The second world, which is her business and professional world, Tan speaks and writes perfect standard and academic English. Having to "shuttle" between these two communities with very different languages has had many different positive and negative effects on

The growth and domination the English Language has seen globally is not only unprecedented, but comes as no surprise; "The spread of the English language and its culture over the world is a major event in human history"(Algeo, 2005, pp.6). As the Lingua Franca of the developing world and a third of the world’s population speaking English (Crystal, 2006), its importance, appeal and prestige cannot be undermined. Maybe it is because of its "richness and variety" (Gooden, 2001), inherited and adopted after colonialism (Algeo, 2005) or simple, a tool for international development (Erlin and Seargeant, 2013).

English has undergone some changes in relation to its status in the world. Some years ago, it only became the first or second language for several countries. Nowadays, alongside with the development of information, communication, and technology the status of English becomes a lingua franca in the world. That is, a language that is used as a means of communication between people with different language. This change, of course, brings some impacts in the roles of English as a language. English is not seen as a language for identity anymore. Yet, it functions mainly as a means of communication. Added to this, the change of the English status as a lingua franca will also impact to the educational sector especially in English Language Teaching (ELT). With regard to this issue, this paper tries to present the notion of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) and its implication to the teaching learning process especially in Indonesian context.

In this research, I’m going to focusing on the English as a language is being taught in many countries oversea today including Thailand. In fact, you’ll be surprising to know that English is required for many of the students in many countries. Unfortunately, it is not necessarily taught as well as it could be because of heavy teaching load, class sizes and adequate technology. Learning an English today still's has been challenging for many countries and specifically in Thailand. In Thailand, the student often gets too overwhelmed with English and mentally tune out in the classroom because English was their least favorite subjects. On the other hand, the students don’t have a resource at school or they don’t have it enough. Furthermore, many students just go to English class and switch back to Thai as soon as they out of school. English isn't used locally in Thailand. Although, there still a lot students continue care about English language because English has been the most ordinarily utilized language internationally and the language of traffic control and the majority of academic journals. It’s the most common language on the internet and the language that travelers use to communicate with different native speakers.