Italy: Criminal Justice Responses to Prevent and Counter Terrorism in All Forms
Located in Southern Europe, Italy is a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea. Italy borders four countries, France to the west, Switzerland and Austria to the north, and Slovenia to the east. It is known for its many attractions, including the Leaning Tower of Pisa, the Vatican, and the Colosseum. Considering these attractions, and it’s location, Italy’s ability to avoid the threat that is the ISIS extremist group has other countries taking notes.
The Italian Government has succeeded thus far when it comes to not only preventing and countering terrorism, but also avoiding it as well with solutions that have not been anything too extraordinary. Whether they have just lucked out, or their practices and procedures are responsible, Italy is the poster child for anti terrorism. One of their own universities, The International University School of Rome and Florence, even offers counterterrorism and hostage negotiation training to various governments around the world. By offering this training, not only does the Italian government help teach other countries how they counter terrorism, but they also take notes from the success of other countries when it comes to similar topics.
With ISIS constantly looming, and its threats and attacks throughout the world, it is shocking that Italy has yet to have a death caused by Muslim terrorism. Throughout the past 5 years, the Civil War in Syria has
Since Italy was built on seven hills then it was easily defended. Italy has a river located 18 miles inland called the Tiber River. The U.S has the Mississippi River that runs across the country. Italy was a good central location. Italy was in the middle of the Mediterranean
Using the concepts of security, terrorism and risk learnt in this unit, critically evaluate the record of global counter-terrorism measures since the 9/11 attacks.
Geographically, Italy is comprised of a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, as well as two large islands. The shape of Italy has been depicted as a ‘boot’ in many cartoons and drawings for years. The country covers over 116,000 square miles, making it approximately the combined size of Florida and Georgia. (Killinger, 2002) Italy is a democratic republic that has a current population of around 60 million people, making it the twenty-third most populous country in the world. Italy
By the late 1960s, Italy had suffered through World War II. It had seen the Vietnam War unfold before them. Furthermore, it had experienced a dramatic urbanization from an agrarian society to an urban one. Such a shift precipitated the appeal for communism. Into this complicated political and socio-economic arena came the Red Brigades. The Red Brigades were an Italian terrorist organization with a strong emphasis on Marxism. Founded in 1969 by radical left-leaning students Renato Curcio and his wife Mara Cagol, the Red Brigades began a reign of terror that . In order to fully assess the impact of the Red Brigades in Italy, it is necessary to answer a central question: why were the Red Brigades so violent? The Red Brigades had ties to
Location (Where in the World)Italy is located in Europe it is also in the mediterranean sea. The latitude 41.890251, 12.492373
War and violence are a normal part of the “War on Terror’” with two sides fighting over security and values that has cost the lives of many innocent people and damages that are unrepairable. Looking at the Madrid bombing in 2004 and how Europe could have created a stronger federal intelligence structures (Aldrich 2009) However, failed since many European countries were concerned that it would erode their own bilateral relations with the United States (Aldrich 2009). At the national level, several European political leaders openly criticized American intelligence activities such as the CIA secret prisons (Aldrich 2009). Europe has faced several bombings in 2004 and 2005 as a result of the rule of law in European countries is a target by terrorists
Italy, positioned in southeastern Europe, is a beautiful country that is faced with high unemployment, corruption and massive debt. Although it appears to be one of the most developed countries in Europe, Italy is somewhat of a laggard in globalization. Ranking twenty-third in world population, Italy stands at 56,126,212 people as of July 2009. The north and south seem to be split in economic terms with the north being well developed industrially and the south facing high unemployment and poverty. Italy is a democratic republic that replaced a monarchy back in 1946. Although it ranks seventh in world GDP and public debt and attracts millions of tourists every year, its current debt to GDP ratio continues to skyrocket. World economists
Culture is one aspect of Italy that is highly influenced by religion. Religion was part of the state constitution. The people of Italy are Roman Catholic, Protestant, Jewish, and Muslim. The Muslim community is still continuing to grow. The Jews, Muslim, Orthodox, or Eastern Rite Catholics make up about 2% of the
The FBI has created an organized crime program that focuses on the crimes and criminal enterprises that are creating the greatest threat to America. They have three units which are focused on La Cosa Nostra, Italian organized crime and racketeering. Also included are Middle Eastern, Asian and African criminal enterprises. The framework of the program is based on pursuing targets that have ties to national and international criminal enterprises and breaking them down; relying on flexibility to aid in pursuing organized crime by regions that are conducting racketeering activities. They have also partnered with people globally to assist in information during investigations. Italy and Hungary are included in this partnership. By partnering with other countries, tackling these groups of people becomes easier.
Terrorism is the biggest global crime that has been identified in the 21st century. The United States is leading the fight against terrorism by striking terrorist targets all over the world. There are many countries that treat terrorism as a military action and many treat the crime as a police action. An example of this would be the country of Australia, which treats terrorism as a police action and the Australian Federal Police and police tactical force deals with the crime of terrorism, while Austria uses the EKO Cobra team and Austrian Military Police to deal with terrorism. In America, many
Out of the seven continents in the world, Italy; The seventy second largest nation in the world is located in Europe. Italy is a boot-shaped country that covers 294,149 square kilometers of land and 7,200 square kilometers of water, totaling 301,340 square kilometers and is apart of the eastern Hemisphere and located in Southern Europe. Located in the Mediterranean Sea is where this Peninsula lies and is surrounded by rolling hills, valleys, along with Alps and Apennine Mountains. Italy is accompanied by Croatia, San Marino, Slovenia, Vatican, Austria, Switzerland and France (Where is Italy). Not to mention Italy is home to some of the largest active Volcanoes in Europe.
Have you ever wondered how the Italian educational system compares to that of America? Well a lot of Italians would tell you in fact, they despise it. The schooling is not the most reliable, especially when it comes to how people are hired and the rampant instability of education jobs in the country. Another fact is that Italy still offers some of the most complete didactic curricula in Europe.
Over the years there have been significant changes in how terrorism is carried out. With the changes in how terrorism is carried out there have also been dramatic changes in how countries counter terrorist attacks. The modifications in the way a country counters these terrorist attacks affects international relations of these countries. These issues bring about the question of how have counter terrorism methods affected international relations. To answer this question several things must be addressed which are, methodology, history of terrorism, and a literature review of multiple authors that have discussed this subject.
Italy is a European country that has a well-developed infrastructure and is also a peninsula, so it can be used as a shipping station for places all over Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. There are many opportunities that J-tec can take advantage of, but there are also threats that they need to be aware of so they can avoid or cope with them in the best possible way. Most of their infrastructure is well developed which can be an opportunity, but the further south that one goes the infrastructure gets gradually worse which can work against J-Tec as a threat. Another opportunity that J-tec can take advantage of is the system of ports and fleets that Italy should ship goods across the Mediterranean. Italy is also home to many trade exhibitions that attract the attention of much of the world, the trade shows combined with a strong manufacturing industry in the automotive industry gives Italy a lot of potential. The US is Italy 's largest non-EU trading partner, this means that Italians are receptive to American goods which is an opportunity that J-Tec does not have to actively go and pursue. Another large opportunity is the location of Italy 's industrial and manufacturing sector Italy’s main manufacturing plants are in a kind of triangle from Turin in the North, in the West from Milan, and Venice to the East. It is said that this is one of the prosperous regions in Europe in terms of industry and boasts about 50% of Italy 's national income. (export.gov).
Italy is situated is the center of the Mediterranean Sea. The main strength of geographical location is that Italy belongs to the coasts of four different seas (Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Tyrrhenian Sea and Ligurian Sea). There are two large mountain ranges in Italy: Alps and Apennines. It is a big plus for tourism sector of the country. Tourism is one of the fastest growing and profitable sectors of the national economy.