Instrumental And Instrumental Aggression

"Why do kids bully others?" Psychologists at UCLA have done studies to prove the reason kids pick on others is because the kids that bully have low self-esteem, so they feel it necessary to bully others and make the victim feel bad about who they are. (Juvonan, 2012) . Bullying is an act that takes place primarily in middle school through high school. Mainly because today, kids don't know who they are, and what they see in others is who they want to be so they tear others down to try and get what they have . Bullying is also understood to be an interaction between at least two people during which a somehow stronger person (or group) gains power over a weaker person who is not able to defend himself. (What is Bullying? , 2014)While the bullying process unfolds over time, the power imbalance increases. Thus, the longer a person is bullied, the more he/she gets trapped in the negative dynamic, and the more the perpetrator abuses their power. (Psychology Today, 1995) With the intention of hurting others, bullying is the number one cause of teenage deaths in the United

So the question is why do people bully others? I think they do cause it to make them feel better. Also to feel cool and make others like them. They shouldn’t bully him because they probably don't know his side of the story.

They bully hurts others because they are being hurt or need to hurt someone to feel better about themselves. O'Moore, M., & Minton, S. J. (2004). Dealing with Bullying in Schools : A Training Manual for Teachers, Parents and Other Professionals. London: SAGE Publications Ltd.

Aggression can be represented as any behavior intended to cause physical, emotional, or psychological injuries to another person. Instrumental aggression can be characterized as acts used to obtain an object or privilege without intending to hurt another person. Hostile aggression is when a person tries to inflict the target with some pain and suffering. Playing violent video games could lead youth to act and think more aggressively.

Aggression can be two forms when displayed, impulsive aggression which is instant and unplanned aggressive behaviour (Berkowitz 1993) and instrumental aggression, which is premeditated, used achieve something but not necessarily harming another person.

Aggressive behaviour is seen as an individual or collective social interaction, with the intention of inflicting damage or harm to oneself or others. Two main types of aggression are usually distinguished. One being affective (emotional) and reactive, hostile, or retaliatory aggression that is a response to provocation, and the other includes goal-oriented, instrumental or predatory, in which aggression is widely used as a mean to achieve a particular goal. An example of hostile aggression would be a person who punches someone who insulted him or her. An instrumental form of aggression would be armed robbery. Research on violence from a range of disciplines grant some support to a distinction between affective and predatory aggression. However, some researchers question the usefulness of a hostile versus instrumental distinction in humans, despite its pervasiveness in research, because most real-life cases involve interacting causes and mixed

There have been two theories that have tried to explain childhood aggression. The first theory is the proactive aggression. This theory has been linked to an externalizing behavior, which is connected to delinquent and violent behavior. The second theory is the regressive theory. This theory is best linked to frustration, which when a person gets frustrated with something, this

Bullies gain self-pleasure by inflicting pain towards others of the same class, often making their lives miserable. In many cases children may start bullying other children because they don’t understand that is wrong. Bullying also can be learning from home, community, television, movies or internet. The bullies can be also victimization by others, physical abuse, modeling of bullying behavior from parents or lack of supervision by parents.

If a bully felt the needed more attention, they could always find someone to use for this. With each successful act, they learned to merge this anti-social behavior with social expectations. After all, they were learning this in a school. It was a pass/fail self-study, where remaining as a bully depended on passing the class. One of these bullies, a boy who was also named John followed me all the way into high school. He was a master bully.

Based on the theories of self-identity, aggression plays a major role where individuals seek to establish their identity. In order for individuals to identify themselves they sometimes require a form of opposition that can be manifested through aggression. In general, most of our activities as human beings are a mixture of negative and positive forms of aggression

After some research, I found out that the main reason for someone to be a bully is the lack of attention, when a parent is absent from a child life, this kid crave attention, wants people too notice him. Another cause can be that the kid is being bullied from an older person that represents power to them, for example a parent, teacher or older sibling. That’s why they look for a less powerful target. (STOMP Out Bullying)

It’s not a complicated question but psychologically there’s many reasons. Some do it to direct their frustrations, hurt, anger, and difficulty they have from their own lives onto you. Some also get a lack of attention from friends, parents, or teachers and so they bully, just to feel popular and think they are seen as ‘tough’ or ‘cool’ and in charge. Some kids have learned bullying from others such as parents, brothers or sisters, friends. They have seen them get their way by being angry or pushing other people around. Others do it because they are a victim themselves. So, the bully cycle will just keep going around. Reasons children bully is because they do not know how to handle differences between people such as others who are gay or not good at sports. So, children that exhibit different behavior than others are potential targets. One more reason is that others do it to get a feeling of power or because of a low

According to Bailey and Ostrov, “Aggression is a defined as behaviors with the intent to hurt, harm or injure (Dodge et al. 2006)” (Bailey, and Ostrov, 2007) In this article, researchers defined aggression to be directly correlated to harming or cause individuals’ injuries. The researchers indicated that aggression is goal directed. In another article by Glen and Raine, defined instrumental aggression as. “Instrumental aggression, also referred to as proactive or is controlled, purposeful, and used to achieve a desired external goal (e.g., to obtain money or drugs).” (Glen and Raine, 2009) These researchers defined instrumental aggression as goal directed, to achieve something such as obtaining material things, drugs or even money. A third article, also confirmed the definition of instrumental aggression. “Instrumental or goal directed aggression is a core feature in violent offenders with psychopathic tendencies.” (Ly et al., 2016) This definition lines with the other definitions. Aggression relates to certain behaviors that led to harming others, and instrumental aggression is goal

What appears to be bullying is not always bullying. There is this misconception that when someone disagrees with another person or is hurtful towards that person, bullying always seems to be what they say is going on. Although statistics shows that one in four kids are bullied, all aggressive actions are not bullying. If a person has self-esteem and self confidence in themselves and not let others tear you down the imbalance of power is balanced. Bullies have more power over their victims and always want to be on top. They enjoy displaying the power they have over their victim.

Bullying, in its many forms, is becoming an extremely hazardous problem that many individuals endure. Bullies torment others because they themselves have insecurities, have been bullied themselves, or have a mental illness that brings out the worst in them. Nevertheless, bullying can physically and emotionally destroy the victim, whether it is by physical abuse, cyber bullying, or verbal abuse.