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In Zora Neale Hurston's 'Their Eyes Were Watching God'?

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Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God is a novel with a surprising lack of critical history. That is to say, despite having celebrated its eightieth anniversary as a published work in 2017, Their Eyes was largely ignored by literary canon until a reevaluation occurred in the 1970s. During its initial run Their Eyes was, despite Hurston’s relative accolades, forgotten soon after publishing to the point of going out of print. In fact, the novel was infamously unpopular with certain black authors and critics, such as Richard Wright who accused the novel of creating an image of black life bowdlerized for white consumers. Wright stated in a book review of Their Eyes, “Her novel is not addressed to the Negro, but to a white audience whose …show more content…

After its initial dismissal, Their Eyes languished on the sidelines of the literary canon until nearly thirty years later when black, feminist authors like Walker reopened the conversation. Walker spearheaded the movement to give Hurston and Their Eyes a second look and her 1972 article, “In Search of Our Mothers Gardens” and 1975 essay, “Looking for Zora” did more to influence the way that readers view Their Eyes more than any critic before or after. In the original editorial of “In Search of Our Mother’s Gardens” (later Walker would publish a collection of essays under the same title) she expresses her frustration with the way the world of arts and literature relegated black women to a lesser role. “To be an artist, and a Black woman, even today, lowers our status in many respects, rather than raises it: and yet, artists we will be” (Walker). She also implores the reader to be conscious of the black women who never had a success story as Hurston did. Taking from Virginia Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own, Walker replaces the reference to Emily Brontë with a reference to Hurston, solidifying her stance on Hurston’s wide talent and deserving of the spotlight. Contemporary to Walker, the next most prominent examination of Hurston and Their Eyes was in Robert Stepto’s 1979 book, From Behind the Veil: A Study of Afro-American Narrative. …show more content…

Kubitscheck also built upon the Structuralist elements of Stepto’s work, this time with focus on Janie’s character development. As a part of her role as a Feminist critic, Kubitscheck thoroughly scrutinized the sexism apparent in many other early reviews of Their Eyes and the tendency to dismiss Janie as a heroine. Kubitscheck defined Janie’s growth through her quest for freedom, analyzing Janie’s travels and her lovers with heavy focus on the Janie/Jody and Janie/Tea Cake dynamic and how her relationships played into her overall story arc. “Tuh De Horizon and Back” split Janie’s story into the fundamental elements of the traditional hero’s quest: the call to adventure, the refusal of the call, the acceptance of the call, the trials during adventure and the return home. In her analysis, Kubitscheck uncovered meaning in Janie’s eventual return to Eatonville and her role as a literal storyteller when reviewing Hurston’s own life. “Janie shares both Hurston’s aggressive desire to be free of social categorization and her contempt for the less adventurous” (Kubitscheck 113). She also addressed older criticisms of the novel, including that of Wright by asserting that “[Hurston] resisted racial definitions of self, which she felt rested on

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