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Human Nature In Sophocles Oedipus The King

Decent Essays

Written and originally performed in a period of Athenian ascendency, Sophocles’ Oedipus the King presents a subversive view of human nature. Through Oedipus and Jocasta, Sophocles dangerously pushes the boundaries of our beliefs, insisting that not only may the knowledge we think we possess be largely based on an illusion, but also that we may lack power over the world around us and through extension, our own identities. Yet while Sophocles may deny us the freedom and control we desire, he does offer us something much more real, namely, the inhospitable truth of the limitations of our human existence. And while we may throw our lives up against this reality in a futile attempt to maintain our sense of control and security, ultimately the domain …show more content…

However, Sophocles goes astray as the pain and suffering continually accrue to an unbearable and unimaginable point demonstrating our vulnerability all too clearly. When Oedipus and Jocasta face “the blackest things / a man can do” (1543-44), Jocasta commits suicide and, as Sophocles describes with revolting imagery and vivid diction, Oedipus “rips off her brooches, the long gold pins […] looking straight up into the points” and “digs them down the sockets of his eyes, crying […] his voice like a dirge, rising, over and over / raising the pins, raking them down his eyes. / And at each stroke blood spurts from the roots, / splashing his beard, a swirl of it, nerves and clots--/ black gail of blood pulsing, gushing down” constructing a sense of empathy, causing us to cringe in visceral repulsion and vicariously endure the unbearable pain and violation Oedipus voluntarily subjects himself to, perhaps the only thing he can do in response to the truth he relentlessly pursued (1404, 1406–8, 1412-17). But as the impossible becomes a reality, our tendencies towards faith in our own “full knowledge” and avoidance of truth and humility that Sophocles aims to debase are merely reinforced and affirmed (286). We flinch in fear at the extreme consequences Oedipus cannot but subject himself to and we consequently …show more content…

The immediate reversal from “deep joy” to “wailing, madness and doom, death, disgrace / all the griefs in the world that you can name” highlights the unyielding power the truth holds over Oedipus, a truth we consequently experience a repulsion from (1420–22). However, the only world where the truth could possibly hold such power and result in such suffering is one where the truth did not exist in the first place. The disastrous influence of the truth on Oedipus’s and Jocasta’s lives forces a radical “[readjustment] of our position” beyond just the world of the stage as we realize not that our understanding of the world may not encompass the entire truth, but rather, as indicated by the extent of the consequences of the truth, that we have perhaps built our entire lives and beliefs on a lie about who we actually are (Brook 75). In this manner, Sophocles emphasizes our vulnerability that at the very least demands a reevaluation of ourselves as we must humbly recognize that we have been wrong. Moreover, when we must choose to follow the path of either Oedipus or Jocasta, choose to pursue the truth like Oedipus or comfortably rest in a denial of it, Sophocles further pushes us into a position of humility through a demonstration of our limitations. As the opposing

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