Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC)
1. The HSBC Group
- The HSBC Group is named after its founding member, The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited, which was established in 1865 to finance the growing trade between Europe, India and China.
- Is based in Hong Kong, where the bank’s business has been physically conducted, and with a large network of branches in Asia, a very large London branch office, and several US branches, plus a subsidiary bank in California and a representative office in New York.
- HSBC carries its business in Hong Kong dollars, US dollars, European currencies and Japanese yen.
- Some of HSBC activities: receives deposits from local (Chinese) individuals and companies; loaned the
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Michael Sandberg, chairman of HSBC in Hong Kong, was considering the alternatives for expanding in the US market.
Reasons to enter into the US market:
- HSBC dealings in the Eurocurrency market had led to large deposits of US dollars, British pounds and other currencies, which the bank needed to lend to borrowers somewhere.
- HSBC had been already operating in the United States since 1875.
- Although HSBC had over a century of experience in international banking, it had never considered a major move into the US domestic market.
- In the late 1970’s, at a time where their British pounds, deutsche marks, and Japanese yen could buy far more dollars than in the 1950’s and 1960’s, many of the bank’s clients were establishing offices, factories, and other investments in the United States.
- Move into the US market as a hedge against the substantial risk of nationalization by the Chinese government.
- Interest on establishing domestic activities in the US, who was generally viewed as the least politically risky environment in the world.
- HSBC had a competitive strength: its large staff of experiences bankers who knew about both lending and borrowing opportunities in Asia that were little known to potential US clients.
2. The alternatives:
1. Setting up an agency in New York where over 90% of the international banking in the United States takes place.
Advantages:
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