Essay about Five Major Structures of the Brain

These psychological disorders originate from different area of the brain. The brain consists of three main parts: the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. The forebrain is made up of the cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus (part of the limbic system). The midbrain comprises the tectum and tegmentum. The hindbrain consists of the cerebellum, pons and medulla. The midbrain, pons, and medulla in conjunction are typically called the brainstem.

Let’s begin by discussing the parts and function of our brains. The neo cortex is the largest part of the brain and the most important. This part of the brain is divided into four different sections: the temporal lobe, occipital lobe, parietal and the frontal lobe. These four sections are located on either the right or left hemisphere of the brain they are connected by axons that send messages to and fro between both hemispheres and to specific parts of the brain then to the body. Our neo cortex is what makes us so different from our primate cousins.

Dopamine limits and selects sensory information from the thalmus. The parietal lobe also deals with movement, along with orientation, recognition, and perception of stimuli. This cortical region is the main sensory area for the sense of touch, major inputs from the skin relay from the thalmus to the parietal lobe. All visual processes are carried out in the occipital lobe (true to its name), and the temporal lobe is associated with perception and recognition of auditory stimuli, memory and speech. The temporal lobe is responsible for deriving meanings for the appropriate retention of visual memories, language comprehension, and emotional association. Together these areas of the brain control the body through the CNS (central nervous system). Every bodily function needed to sustain life is initiated first through these primary sensory areas, making the brain of course the most important muscle in the

The midbrain is located above the pons. The midbrain has an area called the substantia nigra which holds different nuclei. The midbrain is responsible for the body 's movement that is not covered by the cerebellum. The neurotransmitter dopamine, that produced by

The diencephalon forms part of the central core of the forebrain that is surrounded by the cerebral hemispheres, and contains three main structures; the hypothalamus, the thalamus, and the epithalamus (Marieb & Hoehn, 2016).

The brain is located in the skull and is the center of communication for the human nervous system. Its purpose is to process all the information given to it by other organs and determine what actions should be taken. Many of these calculations are done autonomously with no conscious decision making. The brain also holds memories and can react instinctively to stimuli. Human brains differ from other animals due to their

The hindbrain consists of the medulla and the cerebellum. The medulla regulates the automatic bodily functions such as blood circulation, heartbeat, and respiration. The cerebellum has to do with fine body movements and muscular coordination. The midbrain contains the Reticular Activation System. This works with arousal, lower level auditory and eye movements. The forebrain contains the hypothalamus, which has to work with the feelings for hunger and thirst, and the cerebral cortex.

The brain is a very complex organ that researchers are still trying to fathom. “ … I DO know that scientists are working to understand HOW the brain works and are trying to figure out exactly how it is hard-wired, so they can then explain WHY we have certain reactions, develop diseases, etc.” said Ms. Buchanan. The main parts are the Frontal lobe, Central sulcus, Cerebellum, Temporal lobe, Parietal lobe, Sylvian fissure, and Occipital lobe. Each of these parts are responsible for the various movements one does, the thinking process, memory and many

In my personal opinion, I think the cerebellum is the main part of the human brain, in fact I think is the brain part that make us uniquely human. The cerebellum receives information from sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain and then regulates motor movement. It coordinates voluntary movements such as posture, balance, coordination and speech resulting in smooth and balanced muscular activity. The cerebellum looks like a small brain, I read in the textbook, (page 87) that Cerebellum means Little brain and I found that very amusing to read about. It is amazing how the cerebellum has such importance in our body,in page 87 we can see a clear of example how people can sit upright because the cerebellum controls all the

It made up of more than 100 billion nerves that communicate in trillions of connections called synapses. There are specialized areas that work together to make up the brain. The outermost layer of brain cells called the cortex is where thinking and voluntary movements begin. The brain stem is between the spinal cord and the rest of the brain and controls basic functions like breathing and sleep. The part that is responsible for balance is known as the cerebellum. Additionally, the brain is divided into five lobes: the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, occipital lobe, and insula. The frontal lobe is responsible for problem solving, planning, speech, movement, judgment and motor function. The parietal lobe manages sensation, temperature, touch, body position, and handwriting. The temporal lobe is involved with memory and hearing. The occipital lobe contains the brain’s visual processing system. The insula is responsible for memory, taste, and integration of information from the other four lobes. There a layer of tissue called the meninges which surrounds the brain and the skull (cranium) to protect the brain from

it plays the a major role in the regulation of motivated behaviors such as the directing the release of hormones from the pituitary gland. It dangles from the ventral surface part of the brain. Two other structures of the brain appear on the inferior surface of the brain called optic chasm and the mammilary bodies. THe optic chasm is the area at which the optical nerves extend from each eye and then come together. and the mammilary bodies are the pair of spherical hypothalamic nuclei located on the inferrior surface of the hypothalumus.(Rice University, n.d.) Located to the rear of the pituitary gland. the Tlencephalon or what we call the cerebral hemispheres are the largest divisions of the human brain the large mass of the telencephalon, on either side of the midline, consisting of the cerebral cortex and its associated fiber systems, together with the deeper-lying subcortical telencephalic nuclei (that is, basal nuclei [ganglia]).(Farlex Medical Dictionary) of the interior portions of the telecephalon , includes the basal ganglia which partially surrounds the diencephalon and it particiates in are motor activities which includes speech. The hippocampis and the amydaloid nucleus which lie very deep with in the lower part of our cortex, This plays a major role in the actions of our emotionsal expressions.(Rice University,

The largest part of the brain called cerebrum forms a curved around the thalamus, whereas the second largest part of the brain namely cerebellum located posteriorly to the pons at the base of skull. Moreover, the transverse fissure separates the occipital lobe of cerebrum between the cerebellum (Applegate, 2010). Not only that, the brainstem consists of midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata present inferior to the thalamus. Additionally, the superior cerebellar peduncle connects the cerebellum to the midbrain (Lazo, 2005). Next, the pituitary gland lies in the sella turcica, posterior to sella turcica is the dorsum sellae and anterior to sella turcica is the sphenoid

and heat message to the brain. The brain sends message through the spinal cord and nervous of the peripheral nervous system to control the movement of the muscle and the function of internal organ .The function of the brain to extent level of centralized of the body. The brain acts on the rest of the body generating patterns of muscle activity and dividing the secreat of chemical called hormones. This centralized control allows rapid and coordinated response to change environment . Cerebrum Cerebrum is a largest part of the brain containing the cerebral cortex of the two cerebral hemisphere called Lobes. The frontal lobe,parietal lobe, Occipital lobe and Temporal lobe as well as several sub cortical structure including the Hippocampus ,Basal ganglia and Olfactory bulb. Cerebrum is a large ,folded mass of nervous tissue that makes up the majority of the human brain. Each cerebral hemisphere is farther subdivided in to 4 lobes that are identify for the covering bones of the cranium. Frontal lobe is most anterior region of the cerebrum that extends posterior to the central sulcus

The brain is the most important part of the body, it controls everything we do. It is one of the most complex organs of the body. It has many parts, including these main bits: The cortex is the outer layer of the brain and it controls thinking and movement. The brain stem/spinal cord is between the spine and the rest of the brain and the controls our sleep and breathing. The cerebellum is in the middle and back of the brain and controls balance and coordination. There are also several lobes which are important to the brain as well. The frontal lobe is responsible for problem solving and judgement and the temporal lobe is responsible for memory and hearing. The parietal lobe is responsible for processing sensory information from

The brain is a mass of soft, spongy, pinkish gray nerve tissue that is estimated to weigh about 2.65 pounds or 1.2 kg in an adult human being. (Farlex, 2018) Billions of nerve cells are what the brain is made of, each being intricately connected to one another. The connection to the body is by way of the spinal cord which is also a part of the central nervous system. The brain comprises the nerve centers, “which control many involuntary functions, such as circulation, temperature regulation, and respiration, and interpret sensory impressions received from the eyes, ears, and other sense organs.” (Farlex, 2018) It also includes consciousness, emotion, thought, and reasoning, and the area for associative memory which allows the individual to recall past events. The cerebrum is an outer coating or medically called the cerebral cortex. This consists of gray matter that is several layers deep and is the largest portion of the brain, receiving information on the conscious movement of the body. The temporal lobe is a center for memory where memories are filed and stored. The thalamus is