Fish Oil

In this assignment I will be reviewing the different effects of exercise on the body system including the acute and long term using the pre-exercise, exercise and post-exercise physiological data which I collected based on interval and continuous training method. I will also be including the advantages and disadvantages of these, also the participants’ strengths and areas where they can improve on.

During an eccentric contraction, the muscle lengthens under tension due to an opposing force that is greater than the force being produced by the muscle (Lindstedt et al. 2001). Eccentric contractions require little metabolic energy, however they are characterized by a high production of force (Semmler 2014). Fick observed that a lengthening muscle contraction could exert more force than a shortening muscle contraction, while Hill later observed that the body has a lower energy demand when contracting eccentrically compared to concentrically (Lindstedt et al. 2001). When the force applied is larger than the force that is created, work is done on the lengthened muscle and mechanical energy is absorbed – this is called “negative work” (Lindstedt et al. 2001). This absorbed energy can either be dissipated as heat, or it can be temporarily stored as elastic recoil potential energy for later use (Lindstedt et al. 2001).

“In the dark shadow of the grove… [Ichabod] beheld something huge, misshapen, black and towering...up in the gloom...some gigantic monster” and “summoning up, [from his trembling body] a show of courage...he demanded in stammering accents- ‘Who are you?’”. In the short story, the “Legend of Sleepy Hollow”, Washington Irving, tells the adventures of a schoolteacher, Ichabod Crane, in the haunted town of Sleepy Hollow. There, he pursues the local beauty, Katrina van Tassel, competing with the town’s rowdy prankster, Brom Bones. As the plot intensifies, Ichabod’s superstition eventually leads to his downfall when he is chased by the legendary ghost of the Headless Horseman in a terrifying and vivid scene after a party at Katrina’s house. The next day, Ichabod has disappeared, his fate unknown. Throughout the story, Irving creates suspense with the use of imagery to build up a frightening scene in the reader’s mind and ambiguity to make them anxious as they feel a sense of mysteriousness as to what really happened.

1. The musculoskeletal system includes bones, joints, skeletal muscles, tendons, and ligaments. The response this exercise does to the body is increased blood supply for muscles to work for longer and harder when exercising, muscle pliability will also develop as regular muscles are being used and developed making them stronger overall. Increased respiratory rate, increased fuel metabolism, increased oxygen

The stress placed on your muscles during exercising leads to tiny tears in your muscle fibres occurring, these tears will cause swelling in your muscle tissues, this creates pressure on the nerve ending and pain. In order to repair these micro tears protein, sufficient fuel and rest is needed making the muscle stronger.

The body will respond to an exercise stress in one of the three ways and there may be primary and secondary damage to the tissues as a result of exercise stress. The three responses the body will take to an exercise stress are, the tissues may adopt to the stress and no damage occurs, the tissues may become injured, or the tissues will die. In athletics, athletes often stress their bodies to the point of tissue injury and tissue death. The body’s primary reaction to an injury is tissue destruction. The degree of tissue destruction will greatly depend to an injurious force. Secondary damage may occur from cell death. Cell death occurs because of the hypoxia associated with the injuries area. The damage done in the primary stage is irreversible, but with a good rehabilitation program the secondary damage can be contained and limited. When the body is injured a sequence of events is initiated that leads to the eventual repair of the injury site. The first stage inflammatory response that immediately occurs following tissue damage. Its main functions are to defend the body against harmful substances, dispose of dead or dying tissue and promote the renewal of normal tissue. The inflammatory reaction is normally characterized by five different signs:

When athletes or bodybuilders stretch they can actually lose most or some of there muscles power making there performance worse. Scientist have even done a experiment on this because they got a group of people from the age of 19-25 and they had one group stretch and the other group did not

Over exercising can cause problems such as chronic pain, for runners this can be in the knee and heels from where their feet are pounding against the concrete, people who train with heavy weight are more likely to strain joints and pull muscles. If someone exercise’s at a high intensity for a long period of time, they may develop an increased appetite, which can be bad for the

The last few weeks we have been covering descriptive statistic: the central tendency, variability, correlation and Z-score. Today’s session is a little bit different, we will be talking about statistical significance. Statistical significance is the level of risk one is willing to take to reject or accept a null hypothesis while it is true and it separate random error from systematic error. When doing a study or research, the statistical significance shows that the difference obtained were not caused by chance. Inferential statistics, the T-test, partition noise from bias by studying a random sample than the population in which we are interested and from the results we infer. The advantage of using sample than population,

The research study was about fish oil, I concluded from the research that people with lower level of omega 3 fatty acid in red blood cells have trouble with  problem solving, abstract thinking , multitasking, visual memory and executive function, and all of this could be hurt with dementia.

Salmon has something called omega 3 fatty acids, this lowers the risk of getting a heart disease. These are some health benefits of salmon, omega 3 fatty acids, protein, high in vitamin b, potassium, full with selenium, will reduce risk of heart disease, could benefit weight control and help brain health. Salmon also has a really good amount of the antioxidant amino acid taurine. Salmon is a really good cause of vitamin B, vitamin D and selenium . It is a good cause of niacin, omega-3 fatty acids, protein and phosphorus. It is a good cause of choline too, pantothenic acid, biotin and potassium.

Eccentric muscle is a contraction which increases tension on a muscle as it lengthens. It occurs when lowering weights which at that moment your muscles gives a stronger force which causes the muscles to lengthen as it contracts.

Metabolic stress alters the membrane permeability of cells. However as the body increases the amount of oxygen it consumes and utilizes. The body has a natural defense mechanism against the free radical agents that are released when oxygen is being used during exercise. These by products are called reactive oxygen species or (ROS). Enzymes reduce ROS’s to protect the skeletal muscles cells from being damaged. When the body’s immune system is not functioning properly, the cytokines that are released to break down these free radicals it can cause tissue damage. It may seem contradictory that exercise may have a negative effect onto the body, but this is due to a number of physiological movements that occur as one is intensely exercising. Leukocytes, are natural bacteria killers in the body and increase in count as physical stress is being put on the body(….). As intense exercise, particularly endurance exercise, is completed the number of leukocytes drops significantly. This leaves the body ore susceptible to infections. Putting high demand on the body daily without adequate rest leaves it not capable of fighting daily threats or recover from physical stress of exercise. With the drop in immune system efficiency your body will begin to experience imbalances of other hormone regulations. Over trained individuals will also show signs of a decrease in glutamine in the blood(….). This is often associated with a low carbohydrate diet and correlates with the glycogen loss in the muscles when the body has insufficient

Knowing the causes of muscle soreness is a very important topic to understand. For example, is a person knows why muscle soreness is caused, then they can know how to avoid it or control it. "Sore muscles after physical activity is known as delayed onset muscle soreness, or DOMS.(Well n.p.). After exercising, the muscles are going to be sore because of DOMS. Muscles will be more sore than usual though if someone introduces new movements such as a

This is what causes us to be sore. The muscles then build back up, becoming stronger than before. (lifehacker.com) People still need to be careful when they exercise because they can hurt themselves or overexert themselves while doing it. Being a little sore for a 24-48 hour period is normal but when being sore is a severe pain, it was probably caused by overexertion. (lifehacker.com)