Theoretical Constructs Personality theories differ from the perspectives of theorists. Each theorist describes and perceives personality according to their understanding. Therefore, the essay provides a number of different perspectives regarding the case of John. Therefore, when evaluating the case of John one ought to decide which approach to use.
Phenomenological Theorists The phenomenological theory is also identified as a humanistic theory. Through the phenomenological theory, a person constructs an exclusive world. The theory of phenomenological theory by Carl Rogers is centered on the theory of Snygg and Combs. Human motivation stands as the main drive that steers towards growth promoting individuals to fulfill their natural and unique
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It stands as the innate tendency towards growth and ends up motivating the human behavior. Through this concept, he differentiated between actual and ideal self. The theory states that problems developed when the two self-concepts did not match in regard to expectations or ideals. Self-actualization gets attained through one experiencing all self-desires, shortcomings, abilities and preferences among others (Westmont Psychology). In regard to the phenomenological theory, the client ought to demonstrate continuous empathy as well as unrestricted positive regard. Abraham Maslow also influenced the theory through self-actualization theory in regard to the human needs hierarchy. Through his theory, growth occurred through satisfaction based on the capabilities and identity in regard to …show more content…
Through the phenomenology theory, the thinking of the patient gets analyzed in order to identify the ideal situation from the felt situation. Through the phenomenological theory, behavior is triggered by past experiences. In the case of John, his behavior may be linked to his experiences with the male genome in his family. His father and grandfather committed suicide in the early 30s. It is normal for the behavior of John to change in regard to this past experiences. Past experiences determine the manner in which one perceives and sees the event as well as the reaction to provide to it. John does not show any signs of thoughts or perception linked to committing suicide. However, the anxiety and depression that he has may be linked to the past experiences that have occurred in his life. Reality in John’s life is centered to his unique behavior where he believes that he will commit suicide but does not talk about since it stands as a normal thing for a male in his family. Therefore, in reference to the phenomenological theory, personal positive growth may be industrialized through understanding the phenomenological worlds of the patient (Vandenbos, Meidenbauer, & Frank-McNeil,
Dispositional personality theories are quite different from biological personality theories. The two will be compared and dissected in this article. The Big Five Personality Test will also be analyzed and how it is used to study personality will be examined.
As I reflect on the various learning activities in this first week’s unit assignment on how the relevance of personality theories is important and what is personality theory I can gain insight by understanding its theories. I can apply this learning toward my professional life; by learning the different Behaviors and analyzing the Analysis in Psychology by understanding Personality and the Developmental behavior also refers to the different pattern in the way people think ,such as feelings, social adjustments ,and thoughts. This Method will be used thought out my course I will learn to understand the different personality characteristics this general information and the analysis will support and improve my critical thinking
Although the hierarchy of needs and Humanistic Psychology were innovative during it was and is still criticized today. One of such criticisms is self-actualization and that Maslow gave very ambiguous characteristics and examples of people he thought to be self-actualized. In addition, the hierarchy of needs is hard to prove scientifically. Self- actualization relies mostly on a person’s experience. Therefore, one can’t tell if an individual is self-actualized. However humanistic psychology changed the way human behavior was viewed during a time where behavioral psychology was more prevalent. This introduced a new way of
Humanistic conceptions of personality focus on our own natural progression towards achieving one’s full potential, having a holistic approach. Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) believes that growth and behaviour is motivated by a number of needs ranging from basic to psychological needs. He uses a hierarchy, commonly depicted as a five-tier pyramid in which the bottom 4 levels represent our deficit needs, shown in figure 1 below. Once the individual’s physiological needs are met, they may move to the next and so on. After all deficit needs have been met, an individual is capable of achieving self-actualisation. According to Maslow, fulfilling this need means reaching one’s highest potential and truly understanding one’s self.
On the other, the existential/humanistic perspectives came up with self-actualization which is the innate process where one tends to grow spiritually and realize one’s potential (). These hierarchy of needs have five levels, namely; physiological needs, safety and security needs, the need for love and belonging, esteem needs, and the
2. According to Maslow, self-fulfillment and realization of one’s full potential are examples of ______basic__________ needs.
Personality and how we behave have been of much interest to psychologists for a long time now and because of this there have been many theories and theorists that have been developed. Personality is defined as consistent behavior patterns and intrapersonal processes originating within and individual (Fritzley, 2012, p. 10). There are six main approaches to personality psychology they include: biological approach, humanistic approach, behaviorist approach, trait approach, psychoanalytic approach and cognitive approach. Each approach shines a little light onto why we behave the way we do and how our personalities are formed, the approaches contain many different theories from
Self-actualization refers to the desire to achieve one’s greatest potential or as Maslow writes “what a man can be, he must be” (Maslow). Abraham Maslow, a researcher and a pioneer in the field of psychology, strongly believed that people can control their own behavior and have the abilities to reach their full potential. Maslow is perhaps best known for his “Hierarchy of Needs” that culminates in self-actualization. This hierarchy begins with so-called “basic needs” - psychological, safety, social, and esteem - and concludes with the “growth need”. Among other characteristics, Maslow describes self-actualized people as highly creative, independent, genuine individuals who are resistant to enculturation and accept themselves for who
In conclusion, a person must go through a series of step/stages to reach “self-actualization.” They must achieve his/his “safety” and “physiological” needs “(basic needs).” “Esteem” and “belongingness and love” needs “(psychological needs)” to reach the stage of “self-actualization.” Psychological theories helps us better understand why a character does what he/she did. Using the psychological theory can help people reach the stage of self-actualization. Although, some may not reach this stage due to natural or un-natural
Humanistic theories emerged in 1950s. We have two types of humanistic theories, the first one is Person-centred theory by Carl Rogers which is based on how people see them-selves in relation to their personal experience and the second theory is Self-actualisation by Abraham Maslow which is based on the needs that motivate people. In this paper both theories will be described in detail and also they will be evaluated.
Burger (2008), says that there are many theories of personality and psychologists try to explain it with their own approaches. Discussed here will be the psychoanalytic approach, the trait approach, the biological approach the humanistic approach, the behavioural/social learning approach and the cognitive approach. They were devised to search for specific patterns in behaviour and ways of thinking about these
Maslow’s theory on personality, called Humanistic is based on growth and potential. According to Maslow, reaching the top level of the pyramid, Self-Actualisation. Maslow states that if one level is
Everybody has his or her own type of personality. We all act in a certain way that makes us who we are. It is believed that our parents, peers and, the environment we grow up in, shape us. Personality is describes as a combination of emotions, attitude, and behavioral patterns of an individual. There is a reason that we are the way we are and there are many theories that go along with that. Different theorist present their own definitions of the word personality based on their own theoretical positions. Which brings us to discussing Carl Jung’s theory of analytical psychology and Harry
To understand personality there are three main aspects that must be looked at: LArsen and Buss Definition of personality, The Six Domains of knowledge of personality, and Costa and McCrae's Five Factor Theory. In this essay I will first break down larsen and Buss definition and connect it to the domains, then connect the domains to the five factor thoery (FFT).
This paper is a comparison of three different viewpoints on the subject of personality. Carl Jung, B.F. Skinner, and Carl Rogers all had very different outlooks on what defined someone’s personality. As an added feature I have included myself as a theorist because my views are also different from the previous mentioned theorists. This paper will also look briefly into the background of each theorist because their views on life began in their childhood. Amazingly you will notice the all had similar backgrounds, but came up with completely different ways of looking at life.