Essay On Sepsis

However, in sever Sepsis this becomes uncontrolled and the balance is lost this instead becomes a tissue injury. The term intravascular is used because unlike the usual immune response, which is localized to the site of the insult in sepsis you get stomach immune response in which inflammatory mediators is transmitted throughout the blood stream and can effect numerous parts of the body. Some have describe Sepsis as a disease but in my opinion, I consider Sepsis more of a risk group of infected people. Illness and disease both cause similar sentiments of discomfort, torment or unease in individuals. However, an illness is more of an intuitive feeling, which means there is no real identifiable reason behind

The WBC and platelets are high because the Pt.’s body is trying to fight an infection.

Sepsis is defined by the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) as “the presence (probable or documented) of infection together with systemic manifestations of infection” (Dellinger et al.,

The systemic inflammatory response is the next step in the continuum and is a nonspecific inflammatory state that may be seen with an infection. Sepsis is the presence of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) with evidence of infection. As the bacteria invade the bloodstream, they release endotoxins that damage the endothelial cell lining and impair the vascular system, coagulation mechanism, and immune system. These endotoxins also trigger the immune and inflammatory responses, which results in the activation of macrophages and CD4 cells that release proinflammatory cytokines to create a systemic inflammatory response to the pathogen. Hospitalized patients may quickly progress from bacteremia to sepsis and finally to septic shock, even with treatment.

The Coalition for Sepsis Survival (C4SS) is a 501(c)(3) organization created to raise awareness among both the general public and healthcare providers and to facilitate the reduction of sepsis mortality and morbidity in the United States. The terms "coalition" and "survival" were purposefully selected to represent the core values of our vision and mission. "Coalition" underscores our philosophy to bring together hospitals, healthcare providers, and other organizations into a coordinated partnership committed to reducing the mortality and morbidity of sepsis for achieving the best outcomes and value for patient care. "Survival" represents our commitment to hospitals and clinicians to provide access to the tools and financial support for increasing a patient 's chance of survival and the best quality of life.

Sepsis and the lasting physiological effects of survivors are major concerns for the Center for Medicare/Medicaid Services (CMS),

Under the Core measures, Sepsis is one of the problem-focused trigger for systemic infection and if untreated which can lead to death. In United States, it is the 11th leading cause of death and consumes the large amount of costs about $20.3 billion in 2011 (Jones et al.,2016). According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more than 1.5 million people diagnosed with sepsis, and at least 250,000 patients die from that yearly (CDC, 2017). The evidence-based research revealed with results of certain pre existing conditions, pathophysiological studies, preventive measures and sepsis bundle for treating and preventing sepsis to save the life of the patients.

Sepsis is defined as the body’s inflammatory response to an infection and can quickly lead to multiple organ failure and death. Early, goal-directed therapy using the sepsis resuscitation bundle introduced in the “Surviving Sepsis Campaign” is the treatment used throughout the world for sepsis treatment (Winterbottom 2012, pp 247). There are approximately one million cases of sepsis in the United States annually and deaths total more than prostate cancer, breast cancer, and HIV/AIDS combined. Also, more than one-fourth of patients that develop sepsis will develop it on a medical-surgical unit and severe sepsis is the most common cause of

et al., 2008). Sepsis is a frequent cause of admission to intensive care units (ICUs) and it

As sepsis progresses, tissues become less perfused and acidotic, compensation begins to fail, and the patient begins to show organ dysfunction. The cardiovascular system also begins to fail, the blood pressure does not respond to fluid resuscitation and vasoactive agents, and signs of end-organ damage are evident (e.g., renal failure, pulmonary failure, hepatic failure). As sepsis progresses to septic shock, the blood pressure drops, and the skin becomes cool, pale, and mottled. Temperature may be normal or below normal. Heart and respiratory rates remain rapid. Urine production ceases, and multiple organ dysfunction progressing to death occurs. Adventitious lung sounds occur throughout the lung fields, not just in the upper fields of the lungs.

Severe Sepsis affects 750,000 Americans and causes more than 200,000 deaths annually. Sepsis is a complex condition that results from an infectious process that represents the body's response to infection and involves systemic inflammatory and cellular events that result in altered circulation and coagulation, endothelial dysfunction and impaired tissue perfusion (Kleinpell, 2005). Associated mortality rates with sepsis in the United States have remained largely unchanged for several decades. Through an international collaboration known as the

A methodical search was undertaken of the databases – PubMed, CINAHL and ScienceDirect to ascertain the most appropriate evidence. Search terms used were “Sepsis Prevention”, “Sepsis Management” “Sepsis Early Recognition” and “Sepsis Detection” and merged using Boolean Logic (Glasper and Rees,

Pediatric sepsis can present itself in a number of ways, it is manifested by: rashes, changes in skin color, decreased amount of urine, lethargy, fever above 1004 F, and disinterest or difficulty feeding, among others (Rory Staunton Foundation for Sepsis Prevention, n.d.) When sepsis takes place, the circulatory system is often the first system to become compromised. Tachycardia, tachypnea, peripheral vasodilation, fever, or worst case scenario, circulatory collapse can happen (Santhanam, 2016). If continued, sepsis can eventually affect multiple organs, also known as multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MOBS), or worse lead to death. The signs and symptoms of sepsis reflect the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). As medical doctor Shankar Santhanam (2016) states in the “Pediatric Sepsis,” SIRS can be caused by infectious or

Historically, gram-negative bacteria contributed principally to the case frequency of sepsis, yet the frequency of gram-positive etiologies have approached the historic gram-negative trend12. Currently, both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria comprise the major contributors to cases of sepsis12. Multiples studies have demonstrated the prevalence of gram-positive microbial sepsis in recent years12,14. Sepsis originating from a multi-microbial infection produces 4.7% of cases 12. Sepsis of a fungal etiology is responsible for 4.6% of cases, and the incidence of fungal cases have increased proportionally with the overall incidence of sepsis12. Anecdotally, concerns exist regarding the effects of climate change on selecting temperature-tolerant

Sepsis is a non-contagious condition often resulted from a bacterial infection which is diagnosed by three clinical stages: first, second, and third stages in which the major diagnostic is manifested by altered mental status (AMS), increase respiratory rate (tachypnea), and low blood pressure (hypotension).