The target of this analysis is to explore the troubling condition of pay inequities between men and women in the Unites States, using the liberal ideology, constructionist approach and basic framework of the social problem process by Joel Best. Accordingly, this paper organizes this exploration into the six sections correlating with each stage of the Best framework. The first section is Stage 1: Claimsmakers which introduces the source(s) making claims about the troubling condition of economic inequality specifically as it relates to the gap in pay between genders. In addition, this area specifies the ideological perspective of this analysis and provides the grounds, warrants and conclusions used to evaluate the claims. Furthermore, this …show more content…
Winifred Stanley (R-NY) proposed a bill in 1944 to amend the National Labor Relations Act with no success. Then in 1950, Rep. Katharine St. George (R-NY) attempted to pass the Equal Rights Amendment though again, with no success. Notably, Katharine St. George is credited with coining the phrase “equal pay for equal work” (Cho 2013). During the second wave of feminism which began in the early 1960’s and lasted through 1990’s, emphasis was focused on passage of the Equal Rights Amendment, reproductive rights and social equality (Rampton 2015). Subsequently, in 1963 President Kennedy signed the Equal Pay Act into law. Although momentum stalled between signage of the EPA and the early decade of the millennium and we have yet to pass the Equal Rights Amendment, this could change if Hilary Clinton is elected President of the United States and continues the work that Obama started. President Obama has been committed to equal rights from the beginning of his presidency; in fact, the first bill he signed into law was the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pair Act of 2009. This act is an amendment to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and changed the statute of limitations for filing an equal-pay claim for pay discrimination. Prior to this law, anyone claiming discrimination was required to file within 180 days of the alleged offense, the alleged offense was formerly the first paycheck received where discrimination was claimed. Clearly this …show more content…
Its strength is that it offers a clear method of identifying the issue by creating a foundation through establishing the grounds, warrants and conclusions. Additionally, when analyzing the Resources and Rhetoric as they relate to each stage of the process, the delineation can be seen in the ideological perspectives. This was helpful in identifying the subjective and objective parts of the issue. I feel an area of weakness in this model is its stages. Perhaps instead of having the grounds, warrants and conclusions in a separate model (which is titled “structure”), the addition of a “structure” stage at the beginning of the social problems process model, e.g. Stage 1: Structure, which describes society/events, culture/situation then leads to Stage 2: Claimsmakers may be beneficial. Another way to analyze might be to use a framework which illustrates the stages vertically with the metadata displayed horizontally. I used an analytical framework to map out the legislation for the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 in Political Science which captured the troubling conditions from the structural level to the point of legislation. This framework makes a clear delineation between the actors (claimsmakers) and the structural level of the troubling condition, from using both models I feel it could also be useful for analyzing social problems. I’ve attached an example in “Appendix
By the end of the story, Equality 7-2521 has changed his mind and become very critical of the leader of his society, denouncing them in moral terms. Do you think he is correct to do so?
Robert Green Ingersoll, a lawyer, Civil War veteran, and political leader, once said that "It is a blessed thing that in every age some one had had the individuality enough and courage enough to stand by his own convictions." In Ayn Rand's novel Anthem, Equality 7-2521 represents this salient being. Equality has never been destined to be a street sweeper, instead, it is a sinister motive of the Council that determines his position. This is proven by several aspects throughout the book, encompassing the idea that Equality has been set aside from society from a young age, Equality is an individual in a communistic society, and that the Council has had unjust determinations
Women have been treated unfairly and unequally in history furthermore. There were many occasions when people joined together to make legislative changes. In 1848, a convention held in New York brought a call to action, making 12 resolutions that people wanted to see happen to provide women with the same amount of respect men had and the same rights. Later on in the nineteenth century Colorado is the first state to give women the right to vote, which led to other states following in Colorado’s foot steps. All these changes are continuing on into the present from 2009, President Obama signs Lily Ledbetter Fair Pay Restoration Act, which allows women who have been paid unfairly to file a claim to bring attention and get their fair amount to in 2013 when a Defense Secretary named Leon Panetta stated women in the military would now be slowly getting roles they were never allowed to be in before. All of these acts and laws are gradual, however throughout time they increase to make a difference in someone 's future. From the nineteenth century to the present women 's rights has been a long journey, with the help of investigative journalism inequality between genders was exposed to help with fairness and help shape legislative change.
What could be more important than the equality of rights for all American citizens? Women have tried without success for 80 years to be acknowledged as equals in our Constitution through an Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). Currently there is nothing in the United States Constitution that guarantees a woman the same rights as a man. The only equality women have with men is the right to vote. In order to protect women’s rights on the same level as men, I am in favor of an Equal Rights Amendment to the U.S. Constitution today.
Women’s Civil Rights has always been an issue around the world. During World War II, women began working while the men were away at war. Once the men came back, the pay wage began between men and women. According to researchers, Beth Rowen and Borgna Brunner, between 1950 and 1960, women who had worked full-time jobs only earned around 60 cents to every dollar that their male counterparts earned. It was not until June 10, 1963 that the Equal Pay Act was passed by President Kennedy making it illegal for employers to pay women less than men in the same job title. In order to further progress of pay equity, Rosa Cho from Re:Gender.org, also found that President Kennedy proposed a Civil Rights Act to prohibit
The history of unequal pay between men and women in business started in February 1869, when a letter was sent to the editor of the New York Times questioning why female government employees were not paid the same as the male ones. “Very few persons deny the justice of the principle that equal work should command equal pay without regard to the sex of the laborer,” the author wrote. "But it is one thing to acknowledge the right of a principle and quite another to practice it." The author also noted that the U.S. Government employed 500 women in the Treasury department, but they made less than half of what the male colleges did. Throughout that year, a law passes the House of Representatives by almost 100 votes that included a resolution to ensure equal pay to government employees. This law, however was attenuated by the time it passes the Senate in 1870. The first public demand for fair pay for woman took place in 1883 when communications across the country came to a standstill when the majority of the workers for Western Union Telegraph Company went on strike. Their reasoning was partly to ensure “equal pay for equal work” for the male and female workers of the corporation. Although the strike wasn’t ultimately successful, it was the beginning of something larger. By 1911, New York teachers were finally granted equal pay to their male colleges after a long and vigorous battle with the Board of Education. As progress is still slow, women
In the Declaration of Independence, written on July 4th, 1776, it states, “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness.” In the quote from the Declaration of Independence, it clearly means “all of us are” created equal, and I believe that if we all work together, we can achieve equality regardless of race, nationality, sexual orientation, religion, etc.. In a report on late February 13th, 2016, NBC News reporter Miranda Leitsinger quoted Judge Allen’s statement regarding the amendment that states—“Our Constitution declares that “all men” are created equal” – without correction. The Declaration also plays an important role in our world today and in recent
Equal Pay Act of 1963 - On June 10, 1963, President John F. Kennedy signed the Equal Pay Act into law (Fugiero, n.d.). It was enacted as an amendment to the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, which regulates minimum wages, overtime, and child labor (Fugiero, n.d.). The EPA requires that men and women who work in the same jobs or positions,
President John F. Kennedy signed the Equal Pay Act (EPA) into law on June 10, 1963. “The act aimed towards stopping wage inequality through not only races but also genders within the United States.” The income difference between a male and a female was substantial. The Equal Pay Act was not the first act to attempt to be passed. In 1942, twenty years earlier Congresswoman Winifred C. Stanley introduced the Prohibiting Discrimination in Pay on Account of Sex Act. This act was not passed. The equal pay for equal work is an idea that people that do the same work, as others will be compensated in the same way. The act was established because women were receiving less pay than men were for the same exact job. After woman starting taking jobs that men were doing while they were men were fighting in wars, woman took their jobs but were being payed a substantial amount less then the men were.
In 1942, the National War Labor Board urged employers to voluntarily equalize wage and salary rates for women to meet the wages of men. The Equal Pay act was signed in 1963, making it illegal for employers to pay unequal wages to men and women who hold the same job and do the same work, but this hasn’t changed much. Two landmark court cases served to strengthen and further define the Equal Pay Act: Schultz v. Wheaton Glass Co. (1970), U.S. Court of Appeals for
Sec. 3 Equal Rights is a civil liberty. The third section of the Texas Constitution is based on equal protection against government discrimination among men (sex, race, color, creed or national origin). In this case the government cannot take away citizens’ rights. The first amendment of the Bills of Rights gives people the right to practice any religion they chose to and government is prohibit to interfere in a person’s beliefs. In past court cases that freedom of religion was addressed dealing with the exclusion of prayers in public schools, the prohibition of polygamy, and the limitation of the use of drugs or snakes in religious rituals.
An important federal employment law that all employees and employers should be aware of is the Equal Pay Act of 1963. As conversed in week nine of class discussion and video lecture, the Equal Pay Act of 1963 ends wage disparity based on sex. The main goal of this act was to ban discrimination in wages, benefits, and pensions based the gender of an employee in any place of employment. Women traditionally earned less than men for doing similar work. The United States has had a long history of knowledge of unequal pay between men and women, but it was not until around World War II that the problem arose and women started fighting for their rights on this issue. Women have tried passing several bills to help close this pay gap throughout the 1950’s, but ended up in failure.
Americans have strived for equality for hundreds of years, and treat everyone fairly. Slaves have been freed, gay marriage has been legalized, and segregation has been banished. But this idea of equality has still not been achieved or shown in society today.
One problem that Americans are facing is the inequality between men and women, whether it is in everyday life or in a professional atmosphere. One step that has been taken toward equality was introduced with the Equal Pay Act of 1963, signed by President John F. Kennedy. This law was the first affecting the amount of job opportunities available for women and allowing them to work in traditionally male dominated fields. On the outside, this would sound like a solution where nothing could possibly go wrong, but it is not.
Democracy stresses the equality of all individuals and insists that all men are created equal. Democracy does not persist on an equality of condition for all people or argue that all persons have a right to an equal share of worldly goods. Rather, its concept of equality insists that all are entitled to equality of opportunity and equality before the law. The democratic concept of equality holds that no person should be held back for any such arbitrary reasons as those based on race, color, religion, or gender. This concept of equality holds that each person must be free to develop himself or herself as fully as he or she can or cares to and that each person should be treated as the equal of all other persons by the law. We have come