Low Frequency Noise And Its Effects On Community Health

There are several categories of vulnerability some of which include physical, economic, and social, and environmental vulnerability. For example, a physical vulnerability could be viewed as brick houses that reside in areas that

Living in an environment with limited resources affects vulnerability in many ways. For example, those who are poor are continually faced with multiple risk factors that cause chronic stress, such as unsafe housing, repeated exposure to violence/crime, barriers to health care access (i.e. lack of insurance, lack of transportation, language barriers), and other limitations. Therefore, it is not unusual for an individual or community that is constantly bombarded by stressful situations to become immobilized. “In other words, they do not have the ability to effectively respond to even the

Vulnerability factors considered in this paper will be broken down as follows, micro- individual and familial factors, generation level, meso- environmental factors , discrimination, neighborhood ethnic density, macro-culture, beliefs, socioeconomic status and chrono-

‘’Vulnerability is the quality of being easily hurt or attacked.’’ (Vocab.com) Vulnerable groups in society are the disabled, migrant children or adults, individuals with illnesses, individuals who are abused, and anyone who is subjected to racism.

Anthropologic noise pollution can come from many different sources, some of the more common ones are commercial shipping, acoustic deterrent devices, military sonar, and explosives (used in some seismic surveys for oil and gas as well as military exercises). The main focus will be on military sonar use, seismic surveys, and acoustic deterrent

Great pieces of architecture like The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and the Church of San Vitale in Ravenna, Italy are important to Byzantine and Islamic Art. Both structures were not just places of worship, but showed the power of the men behind them and the growth of the culture at this time. San Vitale which was constructed under the Bishop Ecclesius around 540 to 548 A.D. and was erected to show the power and achievements of Emperor Justinian. The banker Julius Argenteus provided the funds for San Vitale, and it was dedicated to Bishop Maximian. The Dome of the Rock was built in Jerusalem by Caliph Abd al-Malik “to mark the triumph of Islam in Jerusalem on a site sacred to Muslims, Christians, and Jews”(Gardner and Kleiner B: 285). It is

Vulnerability can be defined as “a set of prevailing or consequencial conditions, which adversly affect the community 's ability to prevent, mitigate, prepare for or respond to hazard events” according Anderson and Woodrow (1989). The main goal of vulnerability assessments is to identify people or places that are most susceptible to harm and to establish vulnerability-reducing actions (Luers, 2005). Vulnerability is comprised of three dimensions: exposure, sensitivity and resilience. Exposure is the way and the extent to which a system experiences environmental or socio-political stress (Adger, 2006). Here a stress stress can be both environmental and human in nature and can be

Social Vulnerability refers to risk as its primary element (Scanlon & Lee, 2007). Every individual is exposed to risk factors therefore; everyone is potentially vulnerable to health problems (Scanlon & Lee, 2007). Social vulnerability consists of various economic, democratic, and cultural variables in relation to an individual’s likelihood of becoming ill (Scanlon & Lee, 2007). The degree of social vulnerability is that an individual experience is greatly reliant on their personal capacity to tolerate adverse influences (Scanlon & Lee, 2007). Each individual will have different strategies and abilities in coping, resisting, and recovering from situations that could result in social vulnerability (Scanlon & Lee, 2007).

The vulnerability is defined in terms of two distinctive elements. The individual vulnerability is a denoted as a shortcoming within the systems context. The collective vulnerability is an aggregate of the individuals and normally denoted as vulnerable populations. The vulnerability can be defined in terms of the individual's circumstances, life scenarios, illness, or events occurring in one's life. Hence it is evident that any individual can be vulnerable at any given time. The concepts of vulnerable population are related to the aggregate public health perception that inherits the vulnerability through status. It can be explained that a certain group of individual faces risk at a given time in comparison with the other group. The vulnerable populations are also explained in terms

An incident that changes the direction of my life was, when I broke my foot. As a young kid I loved playing sports and do aggressive activities. One day playing soccer someone who was bit stronger than I was, kicked my foot which caused the bones to break. I fell to the floor not knowing what just happened. All I remember is that some EMT’s come to the rescue and took me to the hospital. I was so glade and appreciative with the EMT’s that took care of me. As a result I told myself I will do everything that I can to help out the community just liked I was helped instead of worrying about myself and not others. I started volunteering with the fire department and received all the certifications required in order to start helping those in need.

Vulnerability is defined as susceptibility or increased risk for health problems (DeChesnay, 2008).  A group of individuals are considered at higher risk for illness when their physical, emotional, psychological, or social health, is compromised (Aday, 2001).  There are many leading causes for why a population is considered at higher risk; socioeconomic, age, gender, demographics, personal, and cultural backgrounds are some of the key factors (Aday, 2001; Sebation, 1996). Individuals can become vulnerable at any time because of change in life circumstances, placing them at higher risk. One group

“A vulnerable population is a group or groups that are more likely to develop health- related problems, have more difficulty accessing health care to address those health problems, and are more likely to experience a poor outcome or shorter life span because of those health conditions.” (Maurer & Smith,2009, pp. 533)

Coronary heart disease (CHD), a narrowing of the small blood vessels that supply blood and oxygen to the heart, effects millions of Americans. Approximately 370,000 people in the United States die from this disease. Evidence from recent studies show that we can now add noise to the already known CHD risk factors, such as, diabetes, high blood pressure, altered blood lipids, obesity, smoking, menopause, and inactivity. New data shows that noise pollution is causing more deaths from heart disease, contradicting what was previously assumed. Daily noise pollution can be defined as environmental, such as road traffic, trains, and aircraft and daily exposure can cause CHD. As noise pollution is a contributing factor for Coronary Heart Disease, there

Air pollution has been a severe challenge to fuel consuming industries (Wang & Hao 2012). Stringent measures are to be implemented to reduce the effects of carbon emission to the environment. The WHO (2011) has acknowledged the noise environmental impact as a serious burden of disease, and recent contemporary studies have recognized a link between aviation noise and cardiovascular disease (Hnasel 2013).

When a person contaminates the atmosphere with the unreasonable sound which is also wrongful in nature and thereby which interferes or infringes other human being’s rights such as right to be left alone ( Which has been recently inculcated by Supreme court in Right to Privacy) and the freedom to live his life by his own choice with less noise.