Early Childhood Memory Research

According to the textbook, a memory strategy is the deliberate mental activities individuals use to store and retain information (Berk, 437, 5). For example, if a student named Sarah has many words to remember for a project, she can use rehearsal to effectively remember the necessary words. Rehearsal is an activity that involves repeating the information to herself. Additionally, language expertise predicts the development of rehearsal in the early grade school years, perhaps because a clear vocabulary size and ability to automatically name items is required for children to use the strategy (Berk, 437, 5). In an educational setting, teachers can encourage students to try this strategy to prepare for assessments! Teachers can play a huge role in promoting this effective strategy to the class in order for the students to be aware that this strategy is an option!

memory: every time you read look for comparisons, and ask yourself, “Where have I seen this before?”

There are three types of memory which Carr describes which are the working memory, short term memory, and long term memory. I mostly use my working memory because I am always running though lists of things I have to get done through my brain. With the quarter system I have noticed that I remember less information than I did when I was in high school. I can barely remember which classes I took last quarter. Carr discusses cognitive overload which is referred to as the working memory. We describe ourselves as one of the busiest generations, this leading to this burden on our brains. Carr describes the switching costs concepts as “every time we shift our attention, our brain has to reorient itself” (133). It is a concept which basically explains that the more we shift our attention, the work and thinking quality is lowered. I wholeheartedly agree with the statement because I have noticed if I am going back and forth between

“We are less physically and mentally flexible and we take more time to process information. Memory changes occur as well, and it’s common to have greater difficulty remembering the names of people, places and other things as we age.” (Johns 1).

Even though the working model of memory is better than the multi store model, it still has some weaknesses. For example the role of the central executive is vague and it needs more research. Also there were problems with

Anterograde amnesia is when a person loses the ability to remember newly learned information, but cannot remember everything from before developing amnesia (King, 2016). For instance, if a child was injured and acquired this type of amnesia they would only remember what was stored then when growing older. This leading me to believe that there is a storing dysfunction that could contribute to amnesia.

8. Identify three strategies you can use to improve your memory and recall. Explain how you plan to implement them.

My best memory of elementary school is funday. Funday is an all day thing. The fourth graders set up mini games inside. Then outside there was a bounce house and bigger games. Funday may not seem like the biggest thing now, but as a kid it was everything!

memory is used to navigate the world. This is what helps us to not get lost. So when a

Ask any person in college what is the number one key to attaining a degree. They will all be in agreement that memory is the number one answer to succeeding in a university. Memory is the gateway to our success in everyday life, we would not be able to act in the present or move forward. The first step involved in processing information into our memory is by encoding. In this stage, information process in visual, acoustic, or semantic forms. The second step in memory retention is storing information, this process creates a permanent record of encoded information. The third step is retrieval; we do this process when stored information needs to be recalled. Everyday information is being processed in these three ways. Life of a student requires

The second strategy is mnemonic device, I will use letters, images, sounds, and rhymes as memory boosters.

Strategies and devices that help us remember information that requires effortful processing are: encoding its meaning, visualizing, and mentally organizing the

The thought of a 37-year-old recalling an event from over 30 years prior is unattainable, especially since toddlers are unable to process episodic memories, or autobiographical events.

Specific purpose: to increase my audience's understanding of how memory functions and how it affects them.

Memory provides individuals with an understanding of who they are; allows one to remember or reflect on the past; consider ideas and execute skills in the present; and learn, strategize, and resolve issues based on prior knowledge and experiences. More importantly, memory is an essential cognitive ability which enables one to carry out executive functions. Skills such as planning, problem solving, reasoning, decision making, organization, and multi-tasking all rely on intact memory abilities. With regards to this dissertation, the effects of childhood trauma will also be assessed in reference to its impact on verbal memory. Therefore, it is important to understand each of the components of memory in order to gain a clear sense of how it may be influenced by childhood trauma. The following sections will discuss each of the components of memory and briefly outline the formulation of memories. Stress, and its impact on memory, will also be discussed in the concluding segments of this section.