statistics in the study shows other factors associated with early breastfeeding discontinuation which is maternal age younger than 30 years old has a significant impact on discontinuing breastfeeding, following by 63.3% of mothers with the first child, depression in the family, single, Medicaid; 80%, 57.1%, 50%, respectively. The rest of factors were no family planning, does not have a partner, parental care after the first trimester, ethnic minority, and childhood trauma, Whereas, Domestic violence was the lowest factor. In the second research which conducted on 31 of sample size, the reasons for breastfeeding discontinuation were 23%for either reason milk did not come in/ milk dried up, or perceived that baby prefers the bottles. While, 17% …show more content…
A, 2011). Therefore, multiple factors could lead to discontinuing breastfeeding among mothers.
Social cognitive theory was used as an etiological study too. This theory focusing on perceived self-efficacy (beliefs) based on expectations outcomes. Self-efficacy affected by several resources such as performance accomplishments, verbal persuasion, vicarious experiences, and psychological status. Thus, based on these factors mother’s decision making occur regarding whether or not engage in breastfeeding. Breastfeeding self-efficacy scale short form (BSES-SF) is an assessment tool used to assess mother’s self-efficacy. It consists of 14 -70 scores, also include positive statements for example” I can always determine that my baby is having enough milk”, I can usually be satisfied with my breastfeeding experience”. After that, it is required from mothers
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this study found that fear appeals can lead to low self-efficacy especially on breastfeeding behavior, instead of using extended parallel process model by lactation consultants shows enhance confidence among mothers., thus LC’s message will be applied rather than denied. A threat and a recommended response are the two main items in this theory. The first item is about negative outcome could occur, while recommended response how could avoid the threat of a real action (Boster & Mongeau, 1984; Mongeau, 1998; Sutton, 1982; Witte & Allen, 2000). If mothers accept health message regarding breastfeeding and response with the attitude that will be intended outcome; however, the possible unintended can occur too when mothers deny and resist the threat that could happen as consequences from breastfeeding discontinuation (Witte, 2007). The extended parallel process model was applied in the study in order to enhance breastfeeding and decreasing problems related to breastfeeding refraining or discontinuation. In order to success in fear appeals, mothers must perceive the threat is serious, must personally susceptible to it, also it important to make the recommended response, as well as the recommended response, will control the threat. Enhancing self-efficacy could also promote breastfeeding through Lactation consultants by providing mothers strategies to overcome identified barriers, providing
Breastfeeding is the prefect way that providing ideal food for healthy growth and development of infants; it is also an important component part of the reproductive process for the health of mothers (WHO, 2002). Breastfeeding has benefits not only for both mother and baby in health and family finance but also for society. The chance of disease such as type 2 diabetes, breast cancer ovarian cancer and postpartum depression would be decreased if mother breastfeed their babies. And babies would have a lower risk to get necrotizing enterocolitis, lower respiratory infections, asthma, obesity and type 2 diabetes. In poor family, breastfeeding can save the cost of formula milk and health care. For society, if 90 percent of mothers breastfeed their babies for 6 months, 1000 deaths of infants will be prevented. For environment, the amount of rubbish would be decreased due to the less of formula can and bottle.
This article references many statistics and studies done on the short and long term effects/advantages of breastfeeding on children. The article then explains the short and long term effects breastfeeding has on the mother. The article also includes bigger reason to breast feed such as economic and environmental reasons to breastfeed. The article ends with a section of contradictions about breastfeeding, making the article more credible. This source can be used to support any one of the four points made in the thesis.
Title of source: Factors Associated With Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Infants Under Six Months of Age in Peninsula
Naidoo and Wills (2000) identify four stages in the behaviour-change process, and these can apply to choosing to breastfeed. First, the
breastfeed agree that they feel a closer bond with their children after breastfeeding and are able to better understand their child’s wants (Newman and Pitman 14). In The Surgeon General’s Call to Action to Support Breastfeeding the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services reports that breastfeeding can reduce risk of postpartum depression, a condition that affects 13 percent of mothers, causing them to be upset and even angry at their child for crying, as well as other serious symptoms that can affect the mother’s mental state (3). They also found that a
Specific Purpose: The purpose of this speech is to motivate my audience by discussing the problems, solutions, and potential outcomes of breastfeeding infants.
For the purpose of this intervention the constructs of self –efficacy from SCT, perceived susceptibility from HBM and information from the IMB will be applied to support methods and applications/strategies. See Section 3: Explanation of theories reviewed, assessed and selected for details. The practical strategies were conceptualized to cover all change objectives matched to determinants as shown in Table 1. The theory based methods selected for this intervention are consciousness, verbal persuasion and information transfer. The strategies will include, discussions about risk (risk
The audience intended for this paper are mothers that have a desire to breastfeed, employers, clinicians, breastfeeding advocacy groups and federal and state legislators involved in policy change.
This journal article did research about the cause and effect of breastfeeding on women who have postpartum depression (PPD). They did research on the mother’s mental health status at the different time of postpartum, and inspected how breastfeeding could affect the mothers. The research found out that the effect of breastfeeding on postnatal depression is heterogeneous. Whether or not the
The subject in this paper is a mother of two who did not breastfeed her first child.
The author bases her argument based on the premise that breastfeeding is beneficial to the mother and the child’s physical and mental health. Throughout the essay, Schow gives examples of different health issues that can be improved through breastfeeding. Some are breast cancer, osteoporosis, connection between the mother and child, and child behavioural problems. Each of these instances are used to strengthen the argument that the benefits from breastfeeding are of utmost importance.
Breastfeeding has numerous benefits for both mother and child. Children who are breastfed are more resistant to health issues like juvenile diabetes, multiple sclerosis, heart disease, and infections. Breast milk provides a unique source of nutrition that helps fight these issues and cannot be replaced with other food, including formula. Mothers who are breastfeeding are less likely to develop osteoporosis, lower risk of breast, uterine and ovarian cancer. Despite these benefits to both mother and child there has been much stigma on the topic of breastfeeding in public areas.
Since the self-efficacy theory proposes that mothers who are efficacious in their breastfeeding abilities will be more likely to initiate breastfeeding, put forth a great effort and persist if breastfeeding difficulties are experienced, and have positive thought patterns and emotional reactions to breastfeeding, the relationship between selected factors and breastfeeding self-efficacy will be evaluated and described in this study. Having targeted the factors that affect self-efficacy of breastfeeding, it can also directly affect behavior in the initiation, performance, and maintenance of breastfeeding. Moreover, these influences may be utilized purposively to enhance the mother’s breastfeeding self-efficacy. In order for the goal of the researchers
Inconclusive data is available regarding the effect of lactation on weight reduction in postpartum women. Long term weight retention is a major concern for postpartum mothers. Obesity is a growing concern in the United States that can directly contribute to women gaining more weight than recommended during their pregnancy. Therefore, breastfeeding and its effect on postpartum weight loss deserves considerable attention. Breastfeeding is recommended for mothers after giving birth for numerous reasons. For example, a study published in 2008 suggests that lactation "resets" the maternal metabolism after pregnancy. During pregnancy, fat stores are accumulated along with lipid and glucose metabolism (Stube, 2008). Therefore, one of the many benefits of breastfeeding is that it helps to reduce weight after pregnancy. Table 1 provides a concise summary of the many benefits of breastfeeding. It is evident that weight loss after pregnancy is just one of the many benefits. Studies have shown that breastfeeding positively affects weight loss after pregnancy if it is performed for at least 6
Determine whether a prenatal breastfeeding workshop increased breastfeeding self-efficacy and exclusive breastfeeding in expectant mothers.