Discussion
A systematic English-language literature review using PubMed was conducted. Searches included “etonogestrel implant and pregnancy,” “etonogestrel implant failure,” “Implanon and pregnancy,” and “Nexplanon and pregnancy.” The literature revealed that pregnancy with concomitant use of Implanon and Nexplanon is extremely rare. A total of 4103 women-years, comprising over 53,000 treatment cycles, were included in the initial clinical trials during Implanon development. There were no reported pregnancies during these trials leading to the resulting Pearl Index of 0.0 (95% CI, 0.0-0.9) (4).
In 2004, a postmarketing case series in Australia looking at unintended pregnancies with Implanon was published. This study compiled over 200 unintended pregnancies while Implanon was in use that were reported to the Australian Adverse Drug Reactions Advisory Committee during the first three years of marketing in that country. After excluding 91 women for reasons including insufficient data and pregnancy prior to Implanon insertion, a total of 127 cases of Implanon failure resulting in pregnancy was observed. The authors of this study found that the most common reason for unintended pregnancy was failure to insert the implant (84 cases). Following this were incorrect timing of insertion (19 cases), product failure (13 cases), interaction with hepatic enzyme-inducing medications (8 cases), and expulsion of Implanon (3 cases). The failure rate for postmarketing use
An example of a hormonal contraceptive is the implant. The implant, called Nexplanon or Implanon, is a highly effective and convenient way for a woman to prevent herself from getting pregnant. It is a tiny metal rod that is inserted into the upper part of the arm directly under the skin. The rod can then stay inside the woman’s arm for up to 3 years all the while preventing pregnancy. Unlike many other hormonal contraceptives, the implant only contains one hormone, progestin. When released from the metal rod in the woman’s arm, the progestin prevents pregnancy by preventing ovulation from occurring. In addition, the progestin also thickens the woman’s cervical mucus so that it can block the sperm from getting into the uterus.
Thank you for the opportunity to participate in the care of Ms. Megan Robertson, who as you know is a 20yo female, G2 P0101, currently at 16 weeks 5 days EGA with a pregnancy complicated by a history of prior spontaneous preterm delivery at 35 weeks of gestation and maternal underweight status. She presents today for evaluation of cervical length and fetal growth due to her history of prior preterm delivery and started her course of 17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate injections today and these are weekly injections for her to reduce the risk of preterm birth secondary to her history of prior spontaneous birth.
1. Is the article proposing to answer a specific clinical question or questions? What are the questions?
Doctoral level counselor education programs will implement the 2016 CACREP standards to maintain accreditation. Adkinson-Bradley (2011), details the progression of clarity in the CACREP standards for counselor education and the foci for each revision. In recent years, professional identity has been the cornerstone of the CACREP standards and there is not a specific study that addresses how research reflects the doctoral level domains (Gladding, 2013).
The purpose of this meta-synthesis research was to synthesize a qualitative study performed to better understand the underlying reasons why only a fraction of cancer patients participate in cancer research trials. The attempt is to explore factors that influence participation in this type of study. Literature in the subject indicates poorly understood process of how patients are enrolled into clinical trials. This systematic review tries to improve the patient decision-making process in participating in cancer clinical trial and to provide Oncology nurses to treat patients with solid background utilizing evidence based practice (Biedrzycki, 2010).
In many cases, a patient increases their odds of a cesarean section if they chose to be induced without causation. A study was conducted between the years of 1999 to 2000 with 3215 nulliparous women. The findings of this study showed that nulliparous women are at a significantly higher risk of needing a cesarean section if they were electively induced (Luthy et al., 2004). Multiple studies have looked at nulliparous versus multiparous women and have found that elective inductions do not look to increase the odds of a woman needing a cesarean section in multiparous women. Researchers have begun to look at other possible relationships between patients who undergo an elective induction that results in a caesarean section and they have found
There are no medical conditions that prohibits the use of this method. Some precaution and contraindication are latex allergy, condoms breaking causing an unwanted pregnancy.
Evidence-based practice is a decision making process in which you combine scientific data with clinical expertise, patient values and circumstances of the patient. (Hoffmann, Bennett 2017). The World Health Organisation (WHO) defines chronic diseases as those which are caused by non-reversible pathological changes in the body, are permanent and leave a lingering disability, those that require ongoing rehabilitation or care. Indigenous Australians experience very high prevalence, morbidity and mortality from chronic health conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular, renal and chronic respiratory disease. Multi morbid and comorbid chronic diseases are increasingly placing a greater burden on individuals, communities and health care services
First, Implanon is matchstick sized rod that is inserted in the upper arm and can be effective for three years. Implanon has etonogestrel which stops ovulation. Ovulation is the release of an egg from an ovary. It changes the lining of your uterus and cervical mucus, which makes it hard for the sperm cell to join the egg cell. You should not use this implant if you are already pregnant, or have any major health issues. For example, liver disease, cancer, or even a heart attack or stroke. You may have irregular and unpredictable periods. Your periods may last longer, you might bleed heavier, and you might miss a period. If any of these happen to you, you would want to contact your doctor. This implant may be removed at the end of the third year
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the challenges in providing quality care to the elderly. I will conduct an evidenced-based literature review addressing quality improvement initiatives and programs for older adults. Following the literature review, I will describe barriers and solutions of quality programs and initiatives for older adults. Lastly, I will identify the future impact on nursing care of older adults resulting from this experience.
In the analysis 137 women took place of it from different backgrounds. There were 325 urine samples, which were acquired from the 137 women. From this sample all of it had BPA concentrations that were very close to general population concentrations from the study done by the NHANES participants before. Also urinary BPA concentrations were significantly higher in women who felt a low responder treatment procedure as compared with the regular “luteal phase protocol” (3). In the second experiment, which was the unadjusted experiment model, the odds of implantation failure increased linearly with increasing of urinary BPA concentrations(3). On the other side in models “stratified by IVF protocol, there was a stronger association of urinary BPA concentrations with implantation failure among women undergoing flare protocols, compared with women undergoing the luteal protocol
In the past, if a woman was unable to get pregnant, she had no choice but to concede to the fact. As technology has advanced women can now employ techniques such as in-vitro fertilization to achieve pregnancy. These procedures, while promising, do not come without their consequences. It is common practice for numerous embryos to be implanted into the woman’s uterus in the hopes that at least one will survive. However, it is not uncommon for multiple embryos to become viable, leading to a multifetal pregnancy. The instance of multifetal pregnancy can increase the risk for adverse fetal outcomes. To circumvent these risks, selective reduction has become accepted practice in managing
Nowadays, there are many possibilities. New advances in science may cover almost any complication in pregnancy, without having to choose to kill the mother or the baby.
Transition: So what should we say about the positives and negatives of Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis?
Based on HFP table, it seemed as though they were trying to promote the implant and the IUD more than any other birth