Evidence Based Literature Review

Changes due to the aging process also need to be addressed. Calcium reabsorption increases especially in women after the menopause, this decreases bone density. Lean tissue decreases as fat increases with age; there is also a decline in the percentage of body water meaning that body temperature is more difficult to control. Thirst decline and decreased renal function means that older people can become dehydrated (Copeman 1999). The function of the bowel reduces, meaning that the elderly are more susceptible to indigestion and constipation. The risk of constipation is also increased with Parkinson’s disease (Parkinson’s UK 2011). The final consideration is the deterioration of the sensory system. Taste, smell, vison, pain and touch all decline meaning that food may not be as appealing (Copeman 1999).

Unfortunately, in recent years the cost of providing these traditional services has grown to a point that the programs set in place to care for seniors and chronically ill patients has undergone numerous cuts. This calls into question are the standards of care that nursing facilities provide being cut to compensate for these changes in the rate paid.

LeadingAge Texas is working with policy makers to pass the Nursing Home Quality Rate Enhancement health policy. Some of the issues addressed in the meeting regarding quality care will be addressed in this paper. How the NHQRE policy will impact the advanced nursing practice and the delivery of health care. NHQRE is a needed health policy that will increase our quality care.

Analysis of the effect of Age and disease on the body structure and functions: Aging is often associated with the structural and functional changes such as altered sensory and motor continence, appetite, hunger, thirst, diminished pulmonary ventilation, reduced bone density, immobilisation, sensory deprivation, short term memory loss and altered mood. These factors can contribute towards more hospitalisation, immobilisation, less social interaction and more dependency on the health and social care staff, nurses, clinicians and health care providers (American College of Physicians, 2004) M3 Aging is a continuous and gradual process that begins in early childhood, adulthood and middle age where the body functions gradually begin to decline

Once a quality improvement plan (QIP) has been developed and evaluation methods determined, a plan for implementing the initiative must be created. An action plan is a series of steps and timelines that will ensure a QIP is implemented successfully (Desjardines, 2011). The purpose of this paper is to outline an implementation plan for the QIP of reducing the rate of worsening pain in the elderly with dementia and other forms of cognitive using a nursing education strategy in the Veterans Centre (VC) at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre.

The shift from total quality management program to a combination of quality processes that culminate in measurable outcome of care is occurring rapidly. This paradigm requires the nurse to have a flexible, fluid outlook on quality care that may embrace more than one measurement processes, with outcome as the central focus (Bell, et al., 2012). In the management of patient in the long care facilities, the quality indicators are safety and functional improvement. The expansion in utilization of quality indicators as measurement feature of the Nursing Home Standards is a reflective of positive patient outcome (Bergman-Evans, & Schoenfelder, 2013). Hence, the community-based indicators for the long-term care facility residents are (1) medication administration errors reduction, and (2) improvement in the activities of the daily living and functional health.

As people grow older, they develop dental problems which lead to nutritional intake issues. Cognitive function declines affecting memory, decision making, conversing, and problem solving. In addition, falls can occur with mental status disturbances. Lack of social interaction, depression, and anxiety also crop up in the elderly. Sleep patterns are altered by restless legs, snoring, and disrupted breathing sequences. At times, pain can be constant from arthritis, osteoarthritis, or other medical issues (Tabloski, 2014).

By this time the remaining Baby Boomers, totaling an estimated 70 million people, will be at least 65. This is anticipated to have a notable effect on the current health care system. This coupled with the increasing life expectancy and the decrease in number of young people means that the older adult population will make up a much greater percentage of the population then has ever been experienced. This means that unless something is done immediately then health care workforce will lack the ability and size to meet the needs of this growing older population in the future. Many older adults have numerous compound chronic conditions that require a wide range of skills for meeting their many physical and mental needs.

Elderly people physically slow down and have lower energy levels. There are changes in the body systems and organs that can usually result in all types of

The purpose of this paper is to create suggestions for best nursing practice. Study reviews are provided, followed by a critical appraisal of the evidence found and concluding with a synthesis of the studies looked at. Recommendations will be made to address the study findings on the factors influencing physical function, as perceived by older adult consumers, by developing contextual descriptions of these areas (Boltz, Capezuti, Shabbat, and Hall, 2010), exploring nurses’ understanding of ambulating patients and how that understanding relates to the reactions they take (Doherty-King and Bowers 2011), and test the association between hospitalization care processes and functional outcomes in older adults (Zisberg et al., 2011).

Medicine is a highly specialized and challenging field that requires a nurse to evaluate all circumstances critically and determine the optimal method of care and practice for a patient. One of the most effective tools that nurses can use to ensure the best care of their patients is clinical research, both published and conducted by nurses. Clinical research can explain hospital phenomenon and explores various treatments and protocols (Timmermans, 2005). In many ways, it takes the experimentation out of hospital procedures and replaces it with the proven most optimal solution.

Several major physical and mental changes occur with aging. One physical change being in the cardiovascular system as heart rate decreases and arteries and blood vessels become firmer, causing the heart to have to work harder in order to pump blood to the rest of the body. These changes can cause several cardiovascular problems such as high blood pressure. A second physical change being in the bones, joints, and muscles. With age, bone density and size decreases which makes them less durable, more susceptible to fracture or break, and may even decrease one’s height. Muscles also lose strength and flexibility with age, causing coordination and balance to be altered. A third physical change being in the digestive system as constipation is a common

As individuals age changes occur physiologically that are part of normal aging. These changes occur in all organ systems and can impact an individual’s quality of life. The changes related to aging can be attributed to an individual’s genetic make up, lifestyle, physical activity, and dietary lifestyle. Being able to differentiate between normal changes in aging against disease process is important because it can help clinicians develop a plan of care (Boltz, Capezuti, Fulmer, & Zwicker, 2012). Creating an accurate plan of care for older adults will greatly impact their quality of life.

This essay is going to analyze the article titled ‘What’s the Evidence on Evidence-Based Management?’ by Trish Reay, Whitney Berta, and Melanie Kazman Kohn that was written in 2009. The article was a systematic review of the available literature in response to increasing advocacy for the application of evidence-based management (EBMgt). The authors were driven by three overarching research objectives: (I) to find out whether there was adequate literature about the concept of EBMgt, (II) to evaluate the quality of existing evidence (literature) concerning EBMgt, and (III) to find out whether there is a correlation between employing EBMgt and improved organizational performance.

Information and communication technology has been adopted and implemented within various sectors of the economy. This is attributed to the benefits of technology in facilitating organizational activities and processes and its use in meeting the changes which characterize the modern society. The health sector is one of the industries which have significantly implemented technology. The health sector’s technological applications have been achieved within health information systems. The implementation of technology in this sector has resulted into both positive and negative implications on health