Define Epidemiology

6, 2013) 10. Epidemiology is the focus on addressing the importance of social characteristics (including gender, race, and social class), lifestyle, and the social and physical environment (including such things as employment status, stress, exposure to toxic substance, and participation in social networks) on disease and illness. ( ]Page 35 in the textbook) 11. An epidemiologist is a person who studies patterns of diseases or health risks in population groups, societies, and cultures.

1. What is epidemiology? Epidemiology can be defined as the study of the occurrence, distribution, and determinants of diseases, injuries, and other health-related issues in specific populations (Katz, Jekel, Elmore,

It is critical to understand the epidemiology of such diseases that overcome a population. With this skill, it would enable health care managers to incorporate such skills to make proper evidence and population based decisions, especially when health resources are limited. In addition, finance, planning, quality issue assessments, and evidence based public health practice would be considered (Healey & Lesneksi, 2011). This can allow them to not only develop best practices, but to also share them through the health care system (Healey & Lesneksi, 2011).

Originally, epidemiology was a term that was used to describe the spread of infectious disease. Over the course of time, that definition has expanded considerably in order

Epidemiology, What? Is that even an English word? Epidemiology is the study of health and health concerns in a population with an emphasis on establishing cause and effect. Epidemiology looks at how the disease manifests and spreads through out a population that are a risk and come up with effective prevention and treatment.

(DM2). It will focus only on DM2, as type 1 diabetes (DM1) is an autoimmune disorder. Canada

CTVNews released an article on September 7, 2016 regarding the findings in a study published in Jama Pediatrics. The study was conducted in the United States linking babies born by caesarean section (C-section) to an increased likelihood of becoming obese.1 C-section is a procedure used during high-risk pregnancies. This method of delivery is an option; however, it may be associated with negative health outcomes. The news story sheds light on the findings and illustrates a 15% increased likelihood of a child becoming obese when born by C-section instead of vaginal delivery.1 The heightened risk was primarily significant amongst siblings. The findings depict a 64% increased likelihood of becoming obese when born by C-section as opposed to siblings who are delivered vaginally.1 In addition, the news story details that vaginal births after previous C-section deliveries has a 31% less likelihood of the child becoming.1

Epidemiology is the study of environmental and genetic influences on the prevalence of disease and injury (Rossignol, 2007, p. 1). Environmental influences include pollution, lifestyle choices, health care access, care quality, social factors, and workplace hazards. These and other factors help to determine geographic, social, and economic differences in health quality. Epidemiology is therefore the study of the underlying causes of disease and injury, and is a scientific discipline because the contributing factors are assumed to be identifiable and quantifiable.

Epidemiology is study of a distribution and determinants of health related events. The goal of epidemiology is to decrease the spread of a disease, to prevent the disease from spreading amongst a community. For this to be successful the epidemiologist gets knowledge on when and how the disease spread. Also how they will control and treat the patient.

The answers to these questions allow for making explicit comparisons between relevant intervention alternatives, the assumptions underlying different qualitative effects on mortality and morbidity, and the viewpoints or perspectives adopted by the evaluators (e.g., payer/budgetary, societal, community, etc.; Slade, 2016). In addition, economic evaluation can help researchers, programmers, and policy-makers to determine how future costs or benefits should be valued at the present time (Slade, 2016).

Epidemiology as defined by the World Health Organisation is the study of distribution and causes of illnesses and health related events. The results of the study are used to help control the illness or sickness1. It is vital to the medical industry as

Epidemiology is a science and method of study of an epidemic. It is the scientific method to

Epidemiologists gather data from multiple public heath reasons. Some of the locations that the information is gathered from are insurances companies, hospitals, special clinics, physician practices, and school health programs. When an epidemiologist gathers data from insurance companies they can get the information from social security, and health insurances data. The only problem with the data gathered is that it is one-sided not representing those not insured or those who do not have social security. The advantages of the information provided from insurance data are that the information provides physical examinations for those that are insured as well as long term study for each of the patients. Now when looking at hospital data they do not have the same problems as insurance company data gathered by an epidemiologist, it has its own issue.

AC, is a painful and debilitating condition affecting 2% - 10% of the population (Neviaser and Hannafin, 2010: Cadogan and Mohammed, 2016). Statistical data indicates a higher prevalence in women (59% - 70%), a mean onset age of 50 - 60 years (Cadogan and Mohammed, 2016). The average condition duration presents for 30.1 months but ranges from 1 - 3.5 years (Hand et al, 2008) placing a considerable burden upon individuals and health care services. The non-dominant arm is slightly more affected then the dominant arm (Hand, Clipsham, Rees and Carr, 2008: Levine, Kashyap, Bak, Ahmad, Blaine, and Bigliani, 2007) and the risk of recurrence on the contralateral side within 5 years of the first occurrence is 6%–17%, recurrence in the

Epidemiology is a medical science discipline that arranges the structure for studying the distribution and determinants of health, communicable disease, and circumstances related to health status. The epidemiology research help to understand in what means a person catch diseases, the changes, and how the disease affect the population. The nurses that work with these communities to help identify the onset of communicable diseases determine new victims, the patterns it spread, the causes or preventive methods are known as community or public health nursing (Maurer, Smith, 2013). The purpose of this paper is to explain on the concepts of a communicable disease “Chickenpox” with its own unique epidemiology and nursing research to this