Creating A Ketone Through An Oxidation Reaction Using A Secondary Alcohol And Oxidizing Agent

In the controlled oxidation reactions of 1-butanol and 2-butanol with KMnO4, there is also a formation of water. The primary alcohol 1-butanol, reacted with KMnO4 to create butanal, an aldehyde, and water as products. Also the secondary alcohol, 2-butanol and KMnO4

The carbon-carbon double bond of alkenes represents a site that has a high electron intensity. This site is susceptible to oxidation. Depending on the conditions or reagents used to initiate the oxidation of alkenes, various products can be obtained. With relative mild oxidation, it is only the pi bond of an alkene that is cleaved resulting in the production of 1,2-diols or epoxides. However, when there is more vigorous

We used TLC analysis to identify each product obtained from the dihydroxylation reactions by spotting a TLC plate with the product of our reaction, a solution of cis-cyclohexane, trans-cyclohexane, and a 50:50 mixture of the two. We then placed the plate in a beaker with ethyl acetate saturating the atmosphere to allow the TLC plate to develop. Finally, we compared Rf values of the components of the mobile phase, after the phase was completed. 100% ethyl acetate was used instead of 100% Hexane or a mixture of Ethyl Acetate, because ethyl acetate has high polarity and can separate the components of a mixture to elution, unlike hexane, which is non-polar, and therefore unable to separate the components of the mixture. A 50:50 mixture of both would not work, because the polar and non-polar compounds would neutralize the mixture, and thereby not separate the components of the mixture.

Abstract: Using hypochlorous acid to convert secondary alcohol called cyclododecanol to the corresponding ketone which is cyclododecanone by oxidation.

2. Plan: Each student in a group of three will work to create a reaction with the Benzonitrile Oxide with, cis-stilbene, trans-stilbene, or styrene in an Erlenmyer flask. With this Reaction solution thin layer chromatography will be performed using each reaction solution. The different reactions will then be compared by running co-spot TLC’s. An NMR of the crude products from each reaction will be taken.

The purpose of this lab was to carry out a dehydration reaction of 2-methylcyclohexanol by heating it in the presence of phosphoric acid and determining which alkene product would be the major product. Methylcyclohexanols were dehydrated in an 85% phosphoric acid mixture to yield the minor and major alkene product by elimination reaction, specifically E1. The alkenes were distilled to separate the major and minor products and gas chromatography was used to analyze the results and accuracy of the experiment. The hypothesis was the major product of the reaction would be the most substituted product. This conclusion was made because of

In this experiment, the main objective was to synthesize a ketone from borneol via an oxidation reaction and secondly, to produce a secondary alcohol from camphor via a reduction reaction. Therefore, the hypothesis of this lab is that camphor will be produced in the oxidation reaction and isoborneol will be the product of the reduction reaction because of steric hindrance. For the oxidation step, a reflux will be done and then a microscale reflux for the reduction step. The products will be confirmed using Infrared spectroscopy, the chromic acid test, 2,4-DNP test and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The results of this

The reaction took place in a conical vial and .2mL of each of the reactant samples were added to it along with some 95% ethanol. Two drops of NaOH were added shortly after and stirred at room temperature for fifteen minutes. The vial was cooled in and ice bath and crystallized. Vacuum filtration was performed to filter the crude product. The crude product was recrystallized using methanol and filtered again. We made one change to the procedure and instead of using .7mL of ethanol we

The purpose of the experiment is to oxidize a secondary alcohol (2-octanol) by using sodium hypochlorite (bleach) to produce 2-octanone. The starting material consisted of a sample of 2-octanol that was placed into a three-neck flask along with acetic acid and acetone creating an acidic solution. While monitoring temperature fluctuations to ensure a temperature of 400 Celsius was not reached, sodium hypochlorite slowly dripped from a separatory funnel into the acidic solution. Once this reaction reached its entirety, the solution was combined with sodium bisulfate to remove any of the remaining oxidizing agent. This solution was then tested and brought to a neutral pH using a sodium hydroxide solution. The reaction material was extracted using ether and was then washed with a saturated sodium chloride solution. The organic solution was then dried using magnesium sulfate and was then decanted and placed onto the rotovap. The produced weighed .599g and based on the infrared spectrum analysis (see Figure 1) preformed on the product it was determined to be 86.1% 2-octanol, which means .516g of 2-octanol was obtained in the final product.

The purpose of this lab is to understand the process of eliminating an alkyl halide to form an alkene. The experiment is carried out by first converting the alcohol, 2-methy-2-butanol, into the alkyl halide of 2-chloro-2-methylbutane that will then be put through dehydrohalogenation that favors elimination reaction (E2) to create a mixture of 2-methyl-2-butene and 2-methyl-1-butene. A fractional distillation will be taken to purify the mixture and an additional gas chromatography will be done to further analyze the mixture composition. A bromide test will be done to determine the product of an alkene in the experiment.

In the NaBH4 reduction process, sodium hypochlorite is used as the reagent in order to reduce 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone. The experiment relies on sodium borohydride or NaBH4 iin order for the reduction reaction to take place. NaBH4 is used as the reagent to perform an irreversible reaction of ketones, which is the 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone, attacking

Cyclohexene and hydrogen peroxide are both friendly reagents used in the synthesis of adipic acid. Hydrogen peroxide is a mild oxidizing agent utilized by many people to prevent infections in minor cuts, scrapes, and burns. Along with both cyclohexene and hydrogen peroxide potassium bisulfate and a small amount of are manipulated. The use of is necessary to increase the oxidizing strength of by making the reaction mixture more acidic. is an oxidizing agent that is soluble in water but not in cyclohexene

In this experiment, a Fischer Esterification reaction was performed with two unknown compounds. The unknown compounds, Acid 2 and Alcohol D, were identified by using the knowledge of the reaction that took place, and the identity of the product that was synthesized. The identification of the product resulted from analysis of IR and NMR spectra.

The purpose of this experiment was to oxidize 2-octanol to 2-octanone. The reaction mixture was made up of 2-octanol, glacial acetic acid and reagent grade acetone. Hypochlorite is

The experiment performed included the use of sodium hypochlorite (bleach) to oxidize an unknown secondary alcohol and the determination of the identity of the alcohol and the ketone product by IR spectroscopy. To begin the experiment, approximately 1.75 g of the assigned alcohol, unknown D, was added to a 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask along with 1 mL of acetic acid. After 15 mL of household bleach were dispensed into a graduated cylinder, it was added in small increments with a pipette to the alcohol mixture, which was simultaneously stirred. The temperature was monitored extremely closely with a thermocouple as the bleach was added to the solution to make sure that it did not exceed 45 oC. An ice bath was made to cool the solution as a precautionary measure. The thermocouple seemed to malfunction occasionally because the temperatures that it displayed fluctuated and increased rapidly with the additions of bleach, leading to the flask being submerged into the ice water bath. However, the temperature finally rose at a slower rate and stabilized between 40 and 45 oC after all the bleach was added. Since the exact concentration of the added bleach and millimoles of starting unknown alcohol were unknown, potassium iodide-starch paper was used to make sure that an excess amount of oxidant (bleach) was present. The starch paper turned a blue-black color when a drop of sample was added, which meant that there was excess bleach in the solution to oxidize all of the alcohol. Next,