The phenotypes for the ear of corn observed, consisted of 192 purple kernels and 66 yellow kernels. When reduced, the actual phenotypic ratio for this monohybrid cross was 32:11 (32 purple and 11 yellow). It matches the predicted phenotypic ratio of 3:1 (3 purple versus 1 yellow). If 3 and 1 were multiplied by three, the predicted phenotypic ratio would be 33:11, resulting in our ear of corn, being off by only 1 purple kernel.
The ear of corn labelled G, had 291 corn kernels total for the 6 rows. There were 168 purple-smooth corn kernels, 54 purple-wrinkled kernels, 49 yellow-smooth kernels, and 20 yellow-wrinkled kernels. The actual phenotypic ratio for this dihybrid cross is 168:54:49:20. No common factor can go into all four numbers, so it cannot be reduced.
The chi-square value for the data from the dihybrid cross was 0.993. The data supports the prediction. We fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is around an 80% chance (p=0.80) that a fair corn would yield the observed results.
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Our hypothesis was that there would be no difference between the actual phenotypic ratio and predicted phenotypic ratio of the ear of corn labelled G. As each row of corn was being counted and recorded, a trend appeared, revealing that purple-smooth corn kernels were by far the most common, followed by purple-wrinkled and yellow-smooth corn kernels, with yellow-wrinkled corn kernels appearing the least. The corn kernels appeared in this pattern because the corn kernel with two dominant traits (purple being the dominant color, along with smooth being the dominant texture) would take precedence over the recessive yellow color and wrinkled
The reason I decided on doing this project is because the materials required are inexpensive and easily available at most grocery or dollar stores. Through this experiment, I can educate consumers on which brand pops up the most corn, therefore saving them money.
This report presents an overview to: meiosis, chromosomes, traits, genotypes, and phenotypes displayed in the evolution of fast plants. Studying how the genetic information can be passed along one generation to the following. Also, learning various techniques to determine the possible genotypes of the four Wisconsin Fast Plants provided by analyzing the offspring and observing the phenotypic variation within them. Predicting that the parent plant was heterozygous with the first generation also displaying heterogeneous characteristics of non- purple stem/ Green leaves. And discovering that the null hypothesis was rejected for the chi-square being less than 5% meaning the observed phenotypes were due by chance.
Calculate the ratios of the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring in the F1 generation.
The “Brassica rapa” is a fast plant known as the field mustard. This plant is well known for its rapid growing rate, which makes it an easy breeding cycle and easy to pollinate. In giving so this makes “Brassica rapa” a great participant for testing Gregor Mendel’s theories of inheritance. The “Brassica rapa” acts like a test subject in testing cross-pollination giving the understanding to the dominant allele of colored stems. There are different colors that are visible on the stem that are above the soil; the colors vary from green to purple. P1 seed was ordered, germinated and cross-pollinated until germination of the next off spring of plants were also done. It was
We hypothesize that the cornbread mixture has been genetically modified and therefore will show that in the results.
33. What is the phenotype ratio of the offspring in the Punnett square shown in Figure 11-2?
There were eight different phenotypes among the progeny. The highest phenotypic frequency was the w+m+f+ at 40% of the progeny. The lowest was the w+mf+ with only 2 % of the progeny (Table 3). The sum of the recombinant frequencies between genes, table 4, was used to determine the gene distance. The recombinant frequency was determined by counting the number of individuals whose genes differed from that of the parental type. For example, how many individuals white eye gene, and miniature wing gene, differed from both wild-type or both mutants. Recombination occurred between the white and miniature gene 33 times. Recombination occurred between the miniature and the forked genes 31 times. Recombination occurred between the white and forked genes 44 time. Double recombination occurred 10 times. Therefore, genes w and f are 64 m.u. apart, m and w are 33 m.u. apart, and m and f are 31 m.u. apart (Figure
Now you have determined some facts about the grounded allele and the trait that it causes. Given what you know, do you expect the mutant F1 flies to be homozygous or heterozygous for the allele that causes the grounded trait? According to your reasoning, if you mated two mutant F1 flies, what percentage of flies would you expect to be wild type versus mutant in the F2 progeny? Draw a Punnett square of this cross to justify your answer.
Gathering Data on the Different Traits of the Garden Pea (Pisum Sativum), Organizing the Dominant/Recessive Phenotypes of 60 F2 Offspring and Determining Whether the Null Hypothesis is Rejected or Accepted Using the Chi-Square Test.
Biodiversity is life’s variety. It is the varying genetics that each species carries that makes it different and “unique”. Biodiversity is important, not only in evolution, but in survival; when sometimes those terms can mean the very same thing. Interestingly, biodiversity can mean a variance in the life itself – or within the genetics of a species. In keeping breeding habits within the same lineage, some animals risk lower biodiversity and sometimes even deformities and disease, as they are able to more easily pass on unfavorable hereditary traits. In increasing the overall biodiversity, the only risk is a
You are also provided with a heterozygous female, and a homozygous recessive male for a genetic cross. In this particular female, all the dominant alleles are on one chromosome, and the recessive counterparts are on the other homologous chromosome. Due to a chromosomal condition, in the female no recombination occurs between the M and N loci. Normal recombination occurs between the L and M loci. Diagram this cross, and show the genotypes and frequencies of all offspring expected from this cross.
Corn now a days has a very crucial and important part in our every days lives. It is the second most abundant grain developed for human utilization and is very versatile. Corn has various significances in our food, bio fuel and its medical advantages from the ancient time. The benefits of corn in terms of health and nutritional value is that it contains many vitamins such as the various B-complexes which is
Sex linkage and inherited genes allow us to predict and understand how and why certain animals and plants inherit features from their parents while some don’t. Sex linkage is the condition in which a
This table helps show all the possible genotypes from one set of parents. The table shows that the genotypes purple and starchy are dominant, and the genotypes yellow and sweet are recessive.(stallsmith)