Drosophila Melanogaster - Sex Linkage and Inheritance of Genes Through Cross Breeding

The motivation of this lab report is to use Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance to analyze and predict the genotypes and phenotypes of an offspring generation (F2) after knowing the genotypes and phenotypes of the parent generation (F1). The hypothesis for this experiment is that the mode of inheritance for the shaven bristle allele in flies is autosomal recessive in both male and female flies.

It was decided that there would be 80 vestigial flies and 20 wild type flies to total to an initial population of 100 drosophila. Next, the flies were anesthetized flies using Fly Nap. The flies were counted out to reach desired ratio, sexing the flies making sure there are equal amounts of males and females to be sure there is ample individuals to allow successful mating. The fly’s food was prepared by taking a frozen rotten banana, cutting it in half, mashing up the banana meat, and mixing yeast into it. The

Drosophila Melanogaster, commonly known as fruit flies, are highly important model organisms in pertaining to biological research. The logic behind their recurrent use is due to their: easy culture in the laboratory, brief generation time, and ability to produce large numbers of offspring. In this report, we created isolated virgin D. Melanogaster from the original three populations we were given and then created crosses between them. Upon observation, we noticed an unusual mutant that arose from two of the three created crosses. We suspected that this genetic mutation had previously been discovered and named.

When the larvae hatched, the anesthetising procedure shown from steps 1-5 was used to record the phenotype of the F1 generation and number of male or female flies.

16) After another week (day 14) the F₁ generation flies will hatch from their larva. Anesthetize them by repeating steps 10-14.

Typically, when true bred parents (homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive) are crossed the F2 generation of that cross will produce a phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1 based on Mendel’s laws of inheritance that genes assort independently of each other and that alleles separate from each other during mitosis and meiosis. (Badano & Katsanis, 2002). Based on this knowledge, it was hypothesized that the F2 generation of fruit flies in the vial would produce a 9:3:3:1 ratio and the null hypothesis stated that there would be no deviation between the observed and expected results of the 9:3:3:1

Dobzhansky, T. (1930). The manifold effects of the genes stubble and stubbloid in Drosophila melanogaster. Z. indukt. Abstamm.- u. VererbLehre 54: 427-457.

8. Third week: Remove the F1 flies from the vials and place them into the morgue. The F2 generation are the eggs and /or larvae in the vial. Place the vial in a warm place.

The F1 offspring of the monohybrid crosses are eventually crossed again, to produce an F2 generation of flies. Monohybrid

11. The progeny of a Drosophila female (heterozygous at three loci: y, ct, and w) crossed to a wild type male are listed below:

Offspring differ somewhat from their parents and from one another. Instructions for development are passed from parents to offspring in thousands of discrete genes, each of which is now known to be a segment of a molecule of DNA. This essay will explore some of the reasons behind how and why these differences in appearance arise, from the base sequence of DNA through to the observed phenotype.

Newbyte Educational's breeding simulation software "Drosophila Genetics Lab" was used for this experiment to breed the first two generations of fruit fly Drosophila. In the incubator tab is where the flies are breed and observed.

Heredity – the transmission of traits from one generation to another, from parents to offspring; the protoplasmic continuity between parents and offspring

Specific characteristics of Drosophila melanogaster allowed for its success as a model organism. From a physical standpoint, it possesses a small body size, is easy to manipulate in the lab (Rubin 1988), and is easily cultured at a minimal cost with a large number of progeny per generation (Jennings 2011). The life cycle was extremely short, roughly 8-10 days, which allows for multiple generations to develop over a short period of time and the completion of experiments in

To develop a more suitable culture medium for Drosophila melanogaster, the study is carried out. For more specific, the research on this topic is attributing to two main objectives. Firstly, the aim is to investigate the effect of different agar media on the hatching and growth of Drosophila melanogaster. In addition, the hatching and growth of different strain of Drosophila melanogaster is