Cognitive Processing Paper

Psychologists constantly offer new testable hypothesis to expand our knowledge on human behavior. This paper will include an analysis of a podcast and a research article. From this analysis, a hypothesis on birth order will be offered toward the end of this paper.

Provide meaningful learning tasks to challenge every student (Dweck, 2010). If students are done with work, have students expand on the task and go deeper into the concept. Students should experience working on meaningful challenging

and activities are rushed, effective learning cannot occur. We need to take intoaccount instructional and non-instructional tasks when managing our time.Teacher’s enthusiasm about a subject also plays a part in the productiveenvironment. We must show our interest in the material, in turn, sparking ourstudents’ interest to learn and remain attentive.

Twenty-five years of research has shown that giving students challenging goals encourages greater effort and persistence than producing moderate “do-your-best” goals or no goals at all .

Bandura’s (1977) Social Cognitive Theory provides an explanation to the crucial peer relationship. The theory examines the relationship between person, environment (watching others) and behaviour. Bandura suggested that these are all influenced by the individual’s self-efficacy. According to social cognitive theory, children and adolescents tend to avoid behaviours that they believe will be punished and, instead, engage in behaviours that they believe will be rewarded (Bandura, 1977). Peer support is seen as a way of reinforcing certain behaviours, for example, by giving praise and encouragement for attributes that may boost the individual’s self-efficacy. Schultz and Schultz (2015) emphasised the importance of self-efficacy and suggested that

The study used forty-nine total animal subjects to test the hypothesis that neotenous characteristics diminished the dogs’ ability to perform cognitive tasks. This study was composed of two adult wolves and seven juvenile wolves were compared with forty adult dogs, German shepherds, who were broken up into seven groups. Refer to table one for specific procedures for the six tests and for all of the animal groups participating in the tests (Hiestand 2011). At the time of testing Group I was composed of two adult wolves and one German shepherd that were all female and approximately one year old. This group originally also had two sheep-guarding dogs and an additional German shepherd, however, the sheep-guarding dogs, both had to be removed from

On a daily routine, I setup my classroom to have the children come in and explore the materials that are available. However, I think of ways that I can expand and challenge the children in a more cognitive, physical, or social-emotional level. I agree that when the environment the children are meant for learning and exploring, the children will learn. Armstrong (2015) also mentions that Vygotsky was influenced by that because Vygotsky emphasized that the knowledge between the learner and the environment is crucial. Social-cognitive theories empathize that teaching and learning are social activities that becomes a communicable learning environment. Teachers, peers, learning materials and even the classroom environment are resources and tools the learner needs (Kim, & Baylor 2006). I find this very crucial and important especially in Child Development. The classroom is like the “3rd” teacher that facilitates learning. When the classroom is organized and setup according to the children’s interest and needs, the children will have a better understanding and explore more challenging concepts. For example, I had a 19th month that was stacking wooden blocks and the child was at a point that he couldn’t reach the top. He was very adamant about putting the last block on the top. The child grabbed a chair and slowly practiced his gross motor skills to balance on the chair. He

In a developmentally appropriate, well organized environment, children grow and learn. The teacher is responsible for creating a pleasing environment that reflects the needs and interests of the children. The classroom should be designed to promote self-help and independent behavior.

It is imperative for all teachers to meet each student’s needs to enhance learning. Providing teacher’s support, loyalty, in meeting their individual needs will enhance a school’s chance for success. A supervision and leadership philosophy that incorporates diversity, multiple learning styles, motivational strategies, procedures, and rules that are designed to optimize each student’s abilities that enhance potential and drive a continual need for knowledge. When students are in an environment that is safe, clean, organized, and structured will allow them to focus on knowledge, instead of being distracted. Providing well designed lessons and activities developed around learning styles of abilities will promote confidence and inspire a desire

Behavior specific cognition variables have a major impact on the individual’s thoughts beliefs, and motivational status. It affects how the individual views their illness and problems. This view affects them their daily lives because it can either impede their everyday routine or facilitate health-promoting behavior. “These variables constitute a critical “core” because they can be modified through interventions” (Pender et al., 2014, p. 36). The variables include, “perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived self-efficacy, activity-related affect, interpersonal influences, and situational influences” (Pender et al., 2014, p.36). These variables provide measurements that allow us as health care professionals

Essential instructional practices that best support an effective learning environment for all students are well establish classroom routines and procedures. Classroom routines allow the teacher to utilize their time efficiently, which in turn makes cooperative learning groups possible. When I taught kindergarten, during the first week of school I had several discussions with my students about our classroom routines and procedures, and how important they are, and why they are necessary. As a result, students knew what was expected from them, and we were able to have smooth transitions throughout our day.

Slavin discusses the use the following principles as a guideline for reinforcing behaviors in the classroom:

Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior. It is applicable to every part of an individual's life. Psychological theories fall primarily into three categories, cognitive, humanistic, and behavioral. These types of theories aim to explore the reasoning behind the way individuals function in different areas of their lives. Cognitive theories will apply to learning, while behavioral theories will explain how conditioning shapes people and humanistic theories will examine how individuals influence themselves. These theories are throughout the lifespan from birth to death.

Teachers, students, and parents need to recognize the relationship between the affective and cognitive domains, and attempt to nurture those aspects of the affective domain that contribute to the positive attitudes. To experience success, students must be taught to set achievable goals and assess themselves as they work towards these goals.

Help students set achievable goals for themselves. Failure to attain unrealistic goals can disappoint and frustrate students. Encourage students to focus on their continued improvement, not just on their grade on any one test or assignment. Help students evaluate their progress by encouraging them to critique their own work, analyze their strengths, and work on their weaknesses.