Citalopram Case Study

“Recent data estimate the overall prevalence of depression at about 11.1% of the American population, or nearly 35 million individuals (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). A predictive models suggest that up to 50% of the population will experience at least one episode of depression during their lives” (Life Extension, 2014). Depression has negatively affected the lives of many individuals throughout the world. Look around you there may even be someone close to you that is demonstrating signs of its stifling affects. Depression does not discriminate with its suffocating

1. Concerns associated with adverse effects: • Anterograde amnesia: have been associated with anterograde amnesia. • Paradoxical reactions: including hyperactive or aggressive behavior, predominantly in adolescent/pediatric or psychiatric patients. • Suicidal ideation: various antiepileptics showed an increased risk of suicidal thoughts/behavior.

Terazosin: 1-10 mg once a day (usual maintenance dose 5-10 mg once a day). This drug needs to be titrated to its therapeutic dose to avoid first dose hypotension. It therefore, has slow onset of action than drugs that are started at their therapeutics dose.

Chronic intake, delayed onset of action, drug resistance and numerous side effects of current antidepressants have forced researchers to look for new and safer drugs (1, 2) with rapid onset and longer acting times.

Antidepressant is one of medication that a patient should not skip their doses due to possible severe rebound reactions. Because of these consideration,

This study took place with subjects 20- 56 years of age where EEG was taken before treatment and 12 weeks after treatment. Participants received varying amounts of drugs each week (20-60 mg). Blind to their EEG readings, a clinician examined the participants using to the CGI-I ratings and Hamilton Depression scale. EEG readings were also recorded for 18 healthy, right handed adults, matched in age and gender to the depressed individuals. Patients were asked to remain unmedicated for at least 7 days or 6 weeks if they were on fluoxetine before pretreatment testing. EEG was recorded using a scalp EEG 30-channel electrode

Synergistic effects of other drugs in compound with psychiatric medications must also be taken into account.

Physicians also prescribe aripiprazole with antidepressants. In combination with these drugs, it makes the patient prone to movement disorders and there is some risk of weight gain also.

The efficacy and safety of the drug in patients under the age of 18 years is not established. With renal / hepatic insufficiency and long-term treatment, control over the picture of peripheral blood and liver enzymes is necessary. Patients who did not take previously psychoactive drugs respond to the drug at lower doses compared to patients taking antidepressants, anxiolytics or alcohol. With endogenous depression, alprazolam can be used in combination with antidepressants. With the use of alprazolam, patients with depression have seen cases of hypomanic and manic development. Like other benzodiazepines, alprazolam has the ability to induce drug dependence in long-term admission in large doses (more than 4 mg / day). With a sudden discontinuation of alprazolam, there may be comeback syndromes, such as depression, irritability, insomnia, increased sweating, especially with prolonged admission (more than 8-12 weeks). When patients develop such unusual reactions as increased aggressiveness, acute excitations, feelings of fear, thoughts of suicide, hallucinations, increased muscle cramps, difficult sleep, superficial sleep, treatment should be discontinued. During pregnancy Xanax is very dangerous due to its toxic effect on the fetus and increases the risk of congenital malformations when applied in the first trimester of pregnancy. Admission of therapeutic doses in later periods

serotonin receptor antagonists should not take Zofran. Caution in patients with a history of cardiac dysrhythmias. Zofran can cause prolonged QT and other rhythm changes (Adams & Urban, 2016). There are few clinical interactions with other medications, because Zofran is metabolized in the liver by CYP450 enzymes. Any drugs that inhibit or induce this enzyme can affect availability of the Zofran in the body (Adams & Urban, 2016). The oral disintegrating tablets contain phenylalanine and should not be used if you have PKU. Patients with electrolyte imbalance should be monitored closely due to increased risk of dysrhythmias. Do not drive or perform activities that require alertness (Drugs.com, 2017j). There were not any ethnopharmacological

Both groups of patients received tab. alprazolam 0.25 mg and ranitidine 150 mg at night.

Side effects before because of the unwanted response of the body to a certain medication. It can be mild or severe, temporary or permanent.

This is why it pays to look closely at how anti aging and functional medicine can provide a better solution. With this type of drugs you may expect a doctor qualified in anti aging and functional medicine will be ready to look much deeper into the issue and what's more the drugs prescribed are way more patient centric and not illness centric.

When being given any new drug be sure to alert the prescribing doctor to other medications and if you need to ask to have a consultation with a pharmacist who specializes in giving consultations for these types of conditions.

It was a cross-sectional study done at outpatient department during four months period. Patients presenting with sign symptoms of adverse drug effects were included for this study. Each patient underwent a detailed evaluation by a consultant once they were medically stable.