Charles Messier Research Paper

Galileo(1564-1642) Made the telescope better and he used the telescope to observe planets, and he proves kepler’s theory, saw the imperfection of planets, and saw a storm on a planet also saw craters.

Among these people were Copernicus who believed the sun was at the center of the world and the earth, stars and planets revolved around it. Danish astronomer Brahe helped contribute to this idea by contributing a large mass of data about the universe that he was able to discover. His student Kepler kept his ideas going, as he formulated many laws of planetary motion. He said the orbits around the sun were elliptical, planets don’t move in a uniform speed and the time a planet completes its orbit is related to its distance from the sun. Meanwhile, Florentine Galileo decided to use experiments to find out what happened and not what should happen, and discovered that a uniform force makes a uniform acceleration as well as inertia laws, that an object will be in motion forever unless stopped by another force.

For example, Galileo, an Italian scientist made one of the first telescopes. He observed the sky and rightly believed that he was able to confirm Copernicus’s theory(Alchin); he turned the telescope to the Heavenly bodies and observed that the sun moves on its axis, Venus shows phases according to her position with the sun. He also believed that Jupiter had revolving moons or satellites that moved around it, and the Milky Way was composed of a multitude of separate stars(Alchin). Another scientist was Kepler; he worked out the mathematical laws that govern movements of planets, and made it clear that the planets revolve around the sun in an elliptical orbit instead of circular orbits. His investigations later led to the discovery of the principle of gravity(Alchin). Vesalius was a scientist, who gave the world the first careful description of the Human Body based on actual dissections and was the founder of human anatomy, which has become an important part of health in today’s society(Alchin). Additionally, Harvey was an Englishman who observed living animals and announced the discovery of circulation of blood in the body. He founded Human Physiology, which greatly impacts us even today(Alchin). Furthermore, magnetism was a large discovery that had a big impact during the Elizabethan Era and times to

Charles Messier was a French astronomer born on June 26, 1730, in Badonviller, France. He was the tenth of twelve children in his family like most wealthier families Messier and his siblings went to school, but in about 1741 he fell out a window while playing and broke his leg, after that his mother took him out of school and taught him herself. He became interested in astronomy after witnessing a comet in 1744 and a solar eclipse in July of 1748 from his hometown. In 1751 he was employed by Joseph Nicolas Delisle, who was an astronomer in the French Navy at the time. Delisle instructed him on how to keep records of his observations, and in May of 1753 Messier documented his first observation, the Mercury transit. By 1764 Messier was made

William Herschel was an astronomer and telescope maker. It was through one of his telescopes, in March of 1781, that he discovered Uranus. Initially he believed, as other astronomers of his day, that Uranus was a comet. As he continued to observe the planet over the next four days he came to the conclusion that the planet did not have the same motion as a comet. After months of observation, he was able to chart its orbital path which would double the size of the known solar system at that time. Because of William Herschel’s discovery he opened up the heavens with his proof that there was much more to our solar system than was believed at that time. William Herschel discovered more that Uranus, he gave shape to the Milky Way, he discovered

The discovery of Uranus is quite interesting. William Herschel discovered Uranus one day while he was admiring the stars in the sky in 1781. He noticed that one of these stars happened to be quite different than the other ones. He began is research there. His motivation came from the difference in the star from the other ones. Plus, he had built his telescope himself and I am sure he needed many reasons to use it!

Johannes Kepler was a man who made a surplus of achievements and discovery. What he is most known for is discovering that planets don’t go in a circular motion around the

1 Galileo - Used a telescope to confirm the findings of the Polish astronomer Copernicus.

The world of astronomy is filled with famous names, such as Galileo and Newton. However, one of the most significant astronomers during the Renaissance era was Nicolaus Copernicus. Copernicus's first interest in astronomy blossomed into a life of creating astronomical theories. These theories would not only shape the world of science, but transform the Renaissance and history itself. Nicolaus Copernicus was an extremely significant figure in history because he was a scientist, he challenged the RCC, he used Classical World ideas, and he modeled the spirit of the Renaissance.

Galileo was an Italian mathematician and astronomer who developed an improved telescope. He made observations the undermined established understandings of the cosmos. His discovery of Jupiter and many new stars, suggested a cosmos far larger than the finite universe of traditional astronomy. He published his remarkable findings in a book titled The Starry Messenger. (Ways of the World, 557-559)

Galileo Galilei and Nicolaus Copernicus were only two of the greatest scientific giants. They contributed many things to society. For example, Copernicus was the first notable figure to believe the earth was round and that the universe was heliocentric. But Galileo actually proved the heliocentric universe to be correct because he was the first to point the telescope to the sky and observing sun spots.

Johannes Kepler was a mathematician, an astrologer, and an astronomer. He was a key figure in the 17th century scientific revolution and was best known for his laws of planetary motion.

Johannes Kepler was one of the key figures in the Scientific Revolution. Despite him not as well-known as that of his predecessors, Kepler’s discoveries laid the foundation for future discoveries and advancements in the field of astronomy we have today.

Edwin created Hubble’s Law, which supported the Big Bang Theory. Hubble also figured out that the Milky Way is not the only celestial body in the universe. “Hubble added integral knowledge to the field of astronomy, including the discovery of other galaxies and proof that the universe is constantly expanding” (Contemporary Heroes and Heroines, 2000). Hubble innovated in his field by changing the perspective of the Universe, and impacted society by making the world so much bigger. Hubble’s discoveries inspired multiple people to join the field of astronomy, and to remain open to new situations. Whenever somebody is able to do this well, they are bound to do great

How did Nicolaus Copernicus’s scientific conclusions change the way we see the solar system today? Nicolaus Copernicus’s theory of the universe was life changing to science. Because of his theories[and newer technology] we now know how our part of the Milky Way was created and placed together by God’s hands.